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Transforming Coalition Naval Operations By Using Human Systems Integration To Reduce Warship Manning Lessons Learned From The United States Navy Ddg 51 Class Warship Reduced Manning Study
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Book Synopsis Transforming Coalition Naval Operations by Using Human Systems Integration to Reduce Warship Manning: Lessons Learned from the United States Navy DDG-51 Class Warship Reduced Manning Study by :
Download or read book Transforming Coalition Naval Operations by Using Human Systems Integration to Reduce Warship Manning: Lessons Learned from the United States Navy DDG-51 Class Warship Reduced Manning Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to transform the U.S. military is a top priority of the Department of Defense. President Bush emphasized this in his National Security Strategy when he noted that "The major institutions of American National Security were designed in a different era to meet different requirements. All of them must be transformed." Transformation is a challenging imperative, especially in a service as rich in tradition as the U.S. Navy. Two generations ago, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, frustrated with how slowly the U.S. Navy was changing, famously said "To change anything in the Navy is like punching a feather bed. You punch it with your right and you punch it with your left until you are finally exhausted, and then you find the damn bed just as it was before you started punching." Unlike the Navy of President Roosevelt's day, today's naval leadership is committed to transforming the Navy and ensuring that the Navy of tomorrow is a critical component of the Joint warfighting force. Navy leaders have known intuitively that a smaller, better-trained, more stabilized crew could mean a more capable, more professional warfighting team. The ongoing DDG-51 Class Reduced Manning Initiative undertaken by the Naval Sea Systems Command PEO Ships addresses the policy, processes, culture, tradition, and technology aspects of achieving this reduced manning posture on U.S. Navy ships. This paper will address the full breadth of this Manning Initiative, but will focus primarily on the use of technology to better engineer combatant ships in a way that enhances warfighter performance by identifying Sailor tasks and skills, allocating them to hardware, software, and people, and reducing workload. This paper will show that the discipline of Human Systems Integration (HSI) is a key enabler for achieving effective and appropriate technology insertion in U.S. Navy ships. Thirty-nine briefing charts summarize the presentation.
Book Synopsis Human Factors for Naval Marine Vehicle Design and Operation by : Jonathan M. Ross
Download or read book Human Factors for Naval Marine Vehicle Design and Operation written by Jonathan M. Ross and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a driving need for naval professionals to focus on human factors issues. The number of maritime accidents is increasing and the chief cause is human error, both by the designer and the operator. Decreasing crew size, lack of experienced operators, operations in higher sea states and fatigue worsen the situation. Automation can be a partial solution, but flawed automated systems actually contribute to accidents at sea. Up to now, there has been no overarching resource available to naval marine vehicle designers and human factors professionals which bridges the gap between the human and the machine in this context. Designers understand the marine vehicle; human factors professionals understand how a particular environment affects people. Yet neither has a practical understanding of the other's field, and thus communicating requirements and solutions is difficult. This book integrates knowledge from numerous sources as well as the advice of a panel of eight recognized experts in the fields of related research, development and operation. The result is a reference that bridges the communications gap, and stands to help enhance the design and operation of all naval marine vehicles.
Book Synopsis Reduced Manning in DDG 51 Class Warships by : James Hinkle
Download or read book Reduced Manning in DDG 51 Class Warships written by James Hinkle and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Military Personnel by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Military Personnel written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of a ship's crew is the single largest incurred over the ship's life cycle. One way to lower personnel costs, and thus the cost of ownership, is to use people only when it is cost-effective--a determination made with a systems engineering approach called human systems integration. GAO was asked to evaluate the Navy's progress in optimizing the crew size in four ships being developed and acquired: the DD(X) destroyer, T-AKE cargo ship, JCC(X) command ship, and LHA(R) amphibious assault ship. GAO assessed (1) the Navy's use of human systems integration principles and goals for reducing crew size, and (2) the factors that may impede the Navy's use of those principles. The Navy's use of human systems integration principles and crew size reduction goals varied significantly for the four ships GAO reviewed. Only the DD(X) destroyer program emphasized human systems integration early in the acquisition process and established an aggressive goal to reduce crew size. The Navy's goal is to cut personnel on the DD(X) by about 70 percent from that of the previous destroyer class--a reduction GAO estimated could eventually save about $18 billion over the life of a 32-ship class. The goal was included in key program documents to which program managers are held accountable. Although the Navy did not set specific crew reduction goals for the T-AKE cargo ship, it made some use of human systems integration principles and expects to require a somewhat smaller crew than similar legacy ships. The two other ships--the recently cancelled JCC(X) command ship and the LHA(R) amphibious assault ship--did not establish human systems integration plans early in the acquisition programs, and did not establish ambitious crew size reduction goals. Unless the Navy more consistently applies human systems integration early in the acquisition process and establishes meaningful goals for crew size reduction, the Navy may miss opportunities to lower total ownership costs for new ships, which are determined by decisions made early in the acquisition process. For example, the Navy has not clearly defined the human systems integration certification standards for new ships. Several factors may impede the Navy's consistent application of human systems integration principles and its use of innovations to optimize crew size: (1) DOD acquisition policies and discretionary Navy guidance that allow program managers latitude in optimizing crew size and using human systems integration, (2) funding challenges that encourage the use of legacy systems to save near-term costs and discourage research and investment in labor-saving technology that could reduce long-term costs, (3) unclear Navy organizational authority to require human systems integration's use in acquisition programs, and (4) the Navy's lack of cultural acceptance of new concepts to optimize crew size and its layers of personnel policies that require consensus from numerous stakeholders to revise.
Book Synopsis China's Strategic Support Force by : John Costello
Download or read book China's Strategic Support Force written by John Costello and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In late 2015, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) initiated reforms that have brought dramatic changes to its structure, model of warfighting, and organizational culture, including the creation of a Strategic Support Force (SSF) that centralizes most PLA space, cyber, electronic, and psychological warfare capabilities. The reforms come at an inflection point as the PLA seeks to pivot from land-based territorial defense to extended power projection to protect Chinese interests in the "strategic frontiers" of space, cyberspace, and the far seas. Understanding the new strategic roles of the SSF is essential to understanding how the PLA plans to fight and win informationized wars and how it will conduct information operations.
Book Synopsis Military personnel Navy actions needed to optimize ship crew size and reduce total ownership costs. by :
Download or read book Military personnel Navy actions needed to optimize ship crew size and reduce total ownership costs. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U.S. Navy Program Guide - 2017 by : Department Of the Navy
Download or read book U.S. Navy Program Guide - 2017 written by Department Of the Navy and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Navy is ready to execute the Nation's tasks at sea, from prompt and sustained combat operations to every-day forward-presence, diplomacy and relief efforts. We operate worldwide, in space, cyberspace, and throughout the maritime domain. The United States is and will remain a maritime nation, and our security and prosperity are inextricably linked to our ability to operate naval forces on, under and above the seas and oceans of the world. To that end, the Navy executes programs that enable our Sailors, Marines, civilians, and forces to meet existing and emerging challenges at sea with confidence. Six priorities guide today's planning, programming, and budgeting decisions: (1) maintain a credible, modern, and survivable sea based strategic deterrent; (2) sustain forward presence, distributed globally in places that matter; (3) develop the capability and capacity to win decisively; (4) focus on critical afloat and ashore readiness to ensure the Navy is adequately funded and ready; (5) enhance the Navy's asymmetric capabilities in the physical domains as well as in cyberspace and the electromagnetic spectrum; and (6) sustain a relevant industrial base, particularly in shipbuilding.
Book Synopsis Applying Virtual Reality and Human Figure Modeling Tools to Explore Crew Manning Configurations of the U.S. Navy DDG Class Bridge by :
Download or read book Applying Virtual Reality and Human Figure Modeling Tools to Explore Crew Manning Configurations of the U.S. Navy DDG Class Bridge written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a portion of the modeling and simulation work performed by the Human Research and Engineering Directorate (HRED) of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) in support of the manpower assessment technologies (MAT) project. For this effort, virtual reality (VR) technology and human figure modeling tools were applied to achieve some of the objectives of the MAT project. The discussion that follows in this report focuses on two software tools in particular, Jack(TM) and the Naval Postgraduate School Networking Software (NPSNET), and how each was used to demonstrate a proof of concept capability for examining crew manning configurations on U.S. Navy ships. In the future, U.S. Navy ships will need to be automated to a sufficient degree in order to realize significant manpower reductions in engineering, combat systems, ship support and Condition 3 watch-standing requirements. The use of VR technology and human figure modeling tools to graphically visualize concepts for Navy ships on the computer and to examine manning requirements before building physical prototypes, shows great promise in the future for saving time and reducing development cost.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Operational Manning Requirements and Deployment Practices for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Aboard U.S. Navy Ships by :
Download or read book Analysis of Operational Manning Requirements and Deployment Practices for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Aboard U.S. Navy Ships written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was conducted per a Navy Warfare Development Center request that the Naval Postgraduate School update the Navy's TACMEMO: Integration of UVs into Maritime Missions TM 3-22-5-W. Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) are expected to becoming an integral part of the Navy s maritime mission. To incorporate USVs into the fleet, manpower issues must be identified and resolved, i.e., manning requirements supporting USV operations; and analysis of the rate/rating, skill sets, training and procedures required to operate and maintain USVs. The methodology included Navy lessons learned, operation evaluation reports, and technical documentations from past and ongoing fleet employment of USVs to identify manning issues. Research findings included: current USV launch-and-recovery systems on host ships are personnel intensive compared to other available systems; knowledge, skills and abilities required of USV support personnel are identified within the BM, EM, EN, ET (Surface), GM, IT, OS, STG (Surface) rating occupational standards, and it would be easier to train personnel from these ratings for USV support; and a formal training path should be established for USV operators. In consonance with Navy Human Capital direction, naval platforms must operate with reduced manning, however, unmanned systems definitely require trained and specialized personnel to operate and maintain.
Book Synopsis An Examination of Options to Reduce Underway Training Days Through the Use of Simulation by : Roland J. Yardley
Download or read book An Examination of Options to Reduce Underway Training Days Through the Use of Simulation written by Roland J. Yardley and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "U.S. Navy surface combatant ship crew training involves a combination of shore-based, onboard pier-side, and underway training. Underway training is expensive, however, and it increases wear and tear on operating equipment. Furthermore, constrained budgets and increasing recapitalization costs have forced the Navy to examine various methods -- such as increased use of simulators -- to reduce the annual operating costs of the fleet. Technological improvements have increased the fidelity and realism of simulators, and simulation is being used more widely for training within the U.S. Navy, in other navies, and in commercial shipping companies. Although the Navy's surface combatant community currently uses simulators in its training regimen, an increased use of simulation could potentially improve training efficiency, sustain training readiness, and reduce underway days. Focusing on the DDG-51 Arleigh Burke class of surface combatants, RAND examines the training requirements of surface forces, determines where credit is granted for the use of simulation, estimates what training is done underway, examines simulation technology, and identifies areas where simulation could be substituted for underway training without any decrease in readiness. The authors find that although most exercises are done underway, many could be done in port with or without the use of simulators. Accordingly, the Navy should consider (1) investing in shore-based engineering simulators, (2) directing that exercises that can be done in port be done in port, and (3) accelerating the upgrades that are slowly providing DDG-51-class ships with an embedded engineering training capability." -- publisher's website.
Book Synopsis The Cost and Benefits of Reduced Manning for U. S. Naval Combatants by : Matthew G. Fleming
Download or read book The Cost and Benefits of Reduced Manning for U. S. Naval Combatants written by Matthew G. Fleming and published by . This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing cost of manpower in the United States Navy has generated a new initiative identified as Smart Ship. Smart Ship, or the uses of technology for manpower reduction, challenges the culture, tradition and policies of the Navy. The life cycle cost for surface combatants can be reduced following the guidelines of Smart Ship. However, limited analysis has been conducted into the material readiness cost associated with reduced manning. It was the goal of this thesis to concentrate on the cost and benefits of Smart Ship. A maximum savings of 0.54 percent of the total budget for the Department of the Navy is possible, using FY 1996 dollars. Through analysis conducted in the study, the current objective of reducing manpower costs has been determined to be risky and imprudent. Nevertheless, the United States Navy should pursue Smart Ship to enhance combat effectiveness and quality of life, thereby increasing fleet readiness, morale, productivity and retention. These factors will far outweigh any dollar savings from Smart Ship.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Operational Manning Requirements and Deployment Procedures for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Aboard US Navy Ships by :
Download or read book Analysis of Operational Manning Requirements and Deployment Procedures for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Aboard US Navy Ships written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research was conducted per a Navy Warfare Development Center request that the Naval Postgraduate School update the Navy's TACMEMO: Integration of UVs into Maritime Missions TM 3-22-5-W. Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) are expected to becoming an integral part of the Navy's maritime mission. To incorporate USVs into the fleet, manpower issues must be identified and resolved, i.e., manning requirements supporting USV operations; and analysis of the rate/rating, skill sets, training and procedures required to operate and maintain USVs. The methodology included Navy lessons learned, operation evaluation reports, and technical documentations from past and ongoing fleet employment of USVs to identify manning issues. Research findings included: current USV launch-and-recovery systems on host ships are personnel intensive compared to other available systems; knowledge, skills and abilities required of USV support personnel are identified within the BM, EM, EN, ET (Surface), GM, IT, OS, STG (Surface) rating occupational standards, and it would be easier to train personnel from these ratings for USV support; and a formal training path should be established for USV operators. In consonance with Navy Human Capital direction, naval platforms must operate with reduced manning, however, unmanned systems definitely require trained and specialized personnel to operate and maintain.
Book Synopsis Automation as a Manpower Reduction Strategy in Navy Ships by : Roxane Bloodworth Powers
Download or read book Automation as a Manpower Reduction Strategy in Navy Ships written by Roxane Bloodworth Powers and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 2000's, the US Navy has endeavored to decrease the Total Ownership Cost (TOC) of their ships through a decrease in Operating and Support costs. This led to a large-scale effort by ship program managers to decrease crew size on current and prospective ships. Also during this time period, the rapid-onset improvement of technology led to the increase and complexity of automated systems and equipment installed on ships. These combining trends have caused ships to evolve from a fully manually operated system into a socio-technical system. But does increasing automation to support minimally manned ships lead to the expected performance? To answer this question, a thorough understanding of how the Navy currently determines its manpower requirements was obtained. The purpose was to discover the driving factors that influence manpower requirements, which are mission, installed systems, maintenance and training. Next, the process that the Navy uses to develop and manage technology was explored. The purpose was to discern the driving factors that influence technology selection, which are capability, maturity and cost. Since the Defense Acquisition System (DAS) is the framework that intersects manpower requirements, technology selection and ship design, a brief overview of DAS is given. Using key acquisition documents from DDG-51, LCS, and DDG-1000 programs, the selection, classification and implementation of automated technology on these platforms were explored. This data was then combined with the baseline manpower model to highlight key manpower and automation strategies for each platform and then study the resulting performance. From these case studies, it was determined that automation as a manpower reduction strategy gives mixed cost and readiness performance results. Although automation leads to lower manpower costs, increases in maintenance, training and shore support also occur. Some of these costs were offset through the use of human system integration early in the ship design, however, the maintenance and training costs of high-degree-automation systems was higher than estimated.
Book Synopsis China's Evolving Surface Fleet by : Peter Dutton
Download or read book China's Evolving Surface Fleet written by Peter Dutton and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past fifteen years, the People's Liberation Army Navy's (PLAN's) missile fast-attack craft and amphibious fleets have been significantly modernized. While these two types of vessels have not increased in numbers, their capabilities have increased exponentially. This publication examines the People's Liberation Army's (PLA's) doctrine and training strategy in order to analyze present and predict future missions by these military vessels. China's deterrence posture is improved greatly by these ships and boats, which aid coastal water defense, and threaten Taiwanese attempts to gain independence. In addition, these two fleets improve China's long-range sealift capabilities, and help with the PLA's traditional, and new, nontraditional security practices. These fleets allow the PLAN to continue offshore operations, and begin "blue-water", or "far-seas" operations, helping the United States to predict the future nature of Chinese maritime missions. Related items: China collection of publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/china Chinese Military Reforms in the Age of Xi Jinping: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/chinese-military-reforms-age-xi-jinping-drivers-challenges-and-implications Indian and Chinese Engagement in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Comparative Assessment can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/indian-and-chinese-engagement-latin-america-and-caribbean U.S. Landpower in the South China Sea can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/us-landpower-south-china-sea
Download or read book Pearl Harbor written by Homer N. Wallin and published by . This book was released on 2001-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pearl Harbor will long stand out in mens minds as an example of the results of basic unpreparedness of a peace loving nation, of highly efficient treacherous surprise attack and of the resulting unification of America into a single tidal wave of purpose to victory. Therefore, all will be interested in this unique narrative by Admiral Wallin. The Navy has long needed a succinct account of the salvage operations at Pearl Harbor that miraculously resurrected what appeared to be a forever shattered fleet. Admiral Wallin agreed to undertake the job. He was exactly the right man for it _ in talent, in perception, and in experience. He had served intimately with Admiral Nimitz and with Admiral Halsey in the South Pacific, has commanded three different Navy Yards, and was a highly successful Chief of the Bureau of Ships. On 7 December 1941 the then Captain Wallin was serving at Pearl Harbor. He witnessed the events of that shattering and unifying "Day of Infamy." His mind began to race at high speeds at once on the problems and means of getting the broken fleet back into service for its giant task. Unless the United States regained control of the sea, even greater disaster loomed. Without victory at sea, tyranny soon would surely rule all Asia and Europe. In a matter of time it would surely rule the Americas. Captain Wallin salvaged most of the broken Pearl Harbor fleet that went on to figure prominently in the United States Navys victory. So the account he masterfully tells covers what he masterfully accomplished. The United States owes him an unpayable debt for this high service among many others in his long career.
Book Synopsis Acquisition and Competition Strategy Options for the DD(X): The U.S. Navy's 21st Century Destroyer by :
Download or read book Acquisition and Competition Strategy Options for the DD(X): The U.S. Navy's 21st Century Destroyer written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1994, the U.S. Navy initiated a program to transform America's surface combatant fleet by developing a new family of ships intended to project power more rapidly, wage war more effectively, and operate less expensively, compared with vessels currently in the fleet. The centerpiece of this new family of ships is a destroyer, currently designated DD(X). After several years of study of alternative system concepts, design proposals for the DD(X) were solicited from two industry teams. In April 2002, one of those teams, led by Northrop Grumman Ship Systems (NGSS), was selected winner of the competition and awarded a $2.9 billion contract to manage a 3-year risk-reduction phase and to act as the lead design agent for the program. The Navy also specified that the shipyard member of the other industry team, Bath Iron Works (BIW), should participate in ship design and production activities. Detail design of the lead ships is now scheduled to start in 2006, with fabrication commencing in 2007. Acquisition and contracting decisions that the Navy makes during that next phase of the program will have important implications not only for the U.S. industrial base involved in manufacturing and equipping surface combatants, but also for options available in subsequent phases of the DD(X) acquisition. In 2003, the Navy asked the RAND Corporation to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different acquisition and contracting strategies that defense officials could employ on the DD(X) program to achieve three objectives: make the best use of competition throughout the detail design and production phases; maintain a strong industrial base capable of building surface combatants; and achieve program cost, schedule, and performance objectives. RAND conducted and documented this research before U.S. defense officials significantly changed the program in 2005. Thus, this study is a snapshot of the program as it existed in 2003 and 2004, before those changes were put in place.
Download or read book AI at War written by Sam J Tangredi and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence (AI) may be the most beneficial technological development of the twenty-first century.Media hype and raised expectations for results, however, have clouded understanding of the true nature of AI—including its limitations and potential. AI at War provides a balanced and practical understanding of applying AI to national security and warfighting professionals as well as a wide array of other readers. Although the themes and findings of the chapters are relevant across the U.S. Department of Defense, to include all Services, the Joint Staff and defense agencies as well as allied and partner ministries of defense, this book is a case study of warfighting functions in the Naval Services—the U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps. Sam J. Tangredi and George Galdorisi bring together over thirty experts, ranging from former DOD officials and retired flag officers to scientists and active duty junior officers. These contributors present views on a vast spectrum of subjects pertaining to the implementation of AI in modern warfare, including strategy, policy, doctrine, weapons, and ethical concerns.
