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Author : Gyana Ranjan Parija
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Optimization Using Simulation and Dynamic Programming written by Gyana Ranjan Parija and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Byungkyu Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Traffic Signal Timing Optimization Methods Using a Stochastic and Microscopic Simulation Program written by Byungkyu Park and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated existing traffic signal optimization programs including Synchro, TRANSYT-7F, and genetic algorithm optimization using real-world data collected in Virginia. As a first step, a microscopic simulation model, VISSIM, was extensively calibrated and validated using field data. Multiple simulation runs were then made for signal timing plans such that drivers' behavior, day-to-day traffic variation, etc. were considered in the evaluation. Finally, long-term demand growth or changes were statistically modeled and evaluated, again using multiple simulation runs. Five timing plans were evaluated using the simulation test bed. The timing plans under evaluation included (1) the former timing plan of the Virginia Department of Transportation(VDOT), (2) VDOT's current timing plan, (3) the genetic algorithm optimized timing plan, (4)the Synchro optimized timing plan, and (5) the TRANSYT-7F optimized timing plan. The simulation study results indicated that the current practice of VDOT's current signal optimization procedure significantly improved upon its former one by reducing travel times by 17% and total system delay by 36%. The three "optimized" timing plans did not provide significant improvements. Evaluation of the Lee-Jackson Memorial Highway network showed that the current VDOT signal optimization procedure significantly improved the performance of network operations. Thus, the study recommended that VDOT continue using its procedure for developing new timing plans but that it evaluate its signal timing plan regularly so that it does not become outdated
Author : Wan Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Optimization with Connected Vehicles written by Wan Li and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent and deployment of Connected vehicle (CV) and Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications offer the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of traffic signal control systems. The knowledge of vehicle trajectories in the network allows for optimal signal setting and significant improvements in network performance compared to existing traffic signal control systems. This research aims to develop a framework, including modeling techniques, algorithms, and testing strategies, for urban traffic signal optimization with CVs. The objective is to improve the safety, mobility, and sustainability of all vehicles in the study areas utilizing CV data, i.e., real time information on vehicles' locations and speeds, as well as communications to the signal control systems. The proposed framework is able to optimize traffic signal timing for a single intersection and along a corridor under various market penetration of CVs. Under full penetration rate of CVs, the signal timing optimization and coordination problems are first formulated in a centralized scheme as a mixed-integer nonlinear programing (MINLP). Due to the complexity of the model, the problem is decomposed into two levels: an intersection level to optimize phase durations using dynamic programing (DP) and a corridor level to optimize the offsets of all intersections. Under medium-to-high penetration rates of CVs, Kalman filter methods are applied to estimate trajectories of unequipped vehicles given the available trajectories of CVs. The estimated trajectories combined with CV trajectories are utilized in the trajectory-based signal timing optimization process. Under relatively low penetration rates of CVs, a Deep Intersection Spatial Temporal Network (DISTN) is developed to predict short-term movement-based traffic volumes. The predicted volumes are used in a volume-based adaptive signal control method to calculate signal timing parameters. Comprehensive testing and validation of the proposed methods are conducted in traffic simulation and with real world CV (probe vehicle) data. The testing tasks aim to validate that the developed methods are computationally manageable and have the potential to be implemented in CV-based traffic signal applications in the real world.
Author : Byungkyu Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Application of the Stochastic Optimization Method in Optimizing Traffic Signal Control Settings written by Byungkyu Park and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic congestion has greatly affected not only the nation's economy and environment but also every citizen's quality of life. A recent study shows that every American traveler spent an extra 38 hours and 26 gallons of fuel per year due to traffic congestion during the peak period. Of this congestion, 10% is attributable to improper operations of traffic signals. Surprisingly, more than a half of all signalized intersections in the United States needs to be re-optimized immediately to maintain peak efficiency. Even though many traffic signal control systems have been upgraded from pre-timed controllers to actuated and adaptive controllers, the traffic signal optimization software has not been kept current. For example, existing commercial traffic signal timing optimization programs including SYNCHRO and TRANSYT-7F do not optimize advanced controller settings available in the modern traffic controllers including minimum green time, extension time, and detector settings. This is in part because existing programs are based on macroscopic simulation tools that do not explicitly consider individual vehicular movements. To overcome such a shortcoming, a stochastic optimization method (SOM) was proposed and successfully applied to a signalized corridor in Northern Virginia. This study presents enhancements made in the SOM and case study results from an arterial network consisting of 16 signalized intersections. The proposed method employs a distributed computing environment (DCE) for faster computation time and uses a shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (SFLA) for better optimization. The case study results showed that the proposed enhanced SOM method, called SFLASOM, improved the total network travel times over field settings by 3.5% for Mid-Day and 2.1% for PM-Peak. In addition, corridor travel times were improved by 2.3% to 17.9% over field settings. However, when the new SOM timing plan was compared to the new field timing plan implemented in July 2008, the improvements were marginal, showing slightly over 2% reductions in individual vehicular delay.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book National Signal Timing Optimization Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes the results of the National Signal Timing Organization Project initiated by the Federal Highway Administration as a fuel conservation effort. The objectives of this project are: 1) to establish credible data on the effectiveness of signal timing optimization; 2) to make signal timing optimization projects easier to do; and 3) to define the resources (cost, level of staff, computer, etc.) required to undertake a signal timing optimization project, so that traffic engineers and administrators can more effectively budget for this activity. The project consisted of the development of the TRANSYT-7F signal timing optimization program User's Manual, and training course, and application of the program in 11 cities nationwide to evaluate the effectiveness of the poptimized signal timing plans and to collect data on the needed resources.
Author : Ruizhuo Song
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811317127
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Adaptive Dynamic Programming: Single and Multiple Controllers written by Ruizhuo Song and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a class of novel optimal control methods and games schemes based on adaptive dynamic programming techniques. For systems with one control input, the ADP-based optimal control is designed for different objectives, while for systems with multi-players, the optimal control inputs are proposed based on games. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, the book analyzes the properties of the adaptive dynamic programming methods, including convergence of the iterative value functions and the stability of the system under the iterative control laws. Further, to substantiate the mathematical analysis, it presents various application examples, which provide reference to real-world practices.
Author : Michael P. Hunter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Development and Validation of a Flexible, Open Architecture, Transportation Simulation with an Adaptive Traffic Signal Control Implementation written by Michael P. Hunter and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wade H. Shafer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461528321
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1 957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 36 (thesis year 1991) a total of 11,024 thesis titles from 23 Canadian and 161 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 36 reports theses submitted in 1991, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Author : Meng Li (Writer on traffic signs and signals)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Improving Performance of Coordinated Signal Control Systems Using Signal and Loop Data written by Meng Li (Writer on traffic signs and signals) and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : C. Cai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (829 download)
Download or read book Adaptive Traffic Signal Control Using Approximate Dynamic Programming written by C. Cai and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a study on an adaptive traffic signal controller for real-time operation. An approximate dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm is developed for controlling traffic signals at isolated intersection and in distributed traffic networks. This approach is derived from the premise that classic dynamic programming is computationally difficult to solve, and approximation is the second-best option for establishing sequential decision-making for complex process. The proposed ADP algorithm substantially reduces computational burden by using a linear approximation function to replace the exact value function of dynamic programming solution. Machine-learning techniques are used to improve the approximation progressively. Not knowing the ideal response for the approximation to learn from, we use the paradigm of unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning in particular. Temporal-difference learning and perturbation learning are investigated as appropriate candidates in the family of unsupervised learning. We find in computer simulation that the proposed method achieves substantial reduction in vehicle delays in comparison with optimised fixed-time plans, and is competitive against other adaptive methods in computational efficiency and effectiveness in managing varying traffic. Our results show that substantial benefits can be gained by increasing the frequency at which the signal plans are revised. The proposed ADP algorithm is in compliance with a range of discrete systems of resolution from 0.5 to 5 seconds per temporal step. This study demonstrates the readiness of the proposed approach for real-time operations at isolated intersections and the potentials for distributed network control.
Author : Youngchan Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Models for Oversaturated Signalized Interchanges written by Youngchan Kim and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research report documents the development models for control of signalized diamond interchanges during oversaturated traffic conditions. Oversaturated traffic conditions occur when the average traffic demand exceeds the capacity of the signal system. The dynamic optimization model proposed is the principal product of this research. The control objective of the dynamic model is to provide maximum system productivity as well as minimum delay for a selected roadway system. A special feature predetermined upper limits.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book National Signal Timing Optimization Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gary W. Davies
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Optimization of a Traffic Signal System Through Computer Simulation. Final Report written by Gary W. Davies and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jizhan Gou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (662 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Message Sign and Diversion Traffic Optimization written by Jizhan Gou and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation proposes a Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) diversion control system based on principles of existing Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS). The objective of the proposed system is to alleviate total corridor traffic delay by choosing optimized diversion rate and alternative road signal-timing plan. The DMS displays adaptive messages at predefined time interval for guiding certain number of drivers to alternative roads. Messages to be displayed on the DMS are chosen by an on-line optimization model that minimizes corridor traffic delay. The expected diversion rate is assumed following a distribution. An optimization model that considers three traffic delay components: mainline travel delay, alternative road signal control delay, and the travel time difference between the mainline and alternative roads is constructed. Signal timing parameters of alternative road intersections and DMS message level are the decision variables; speeds, flow rates, and other corridor traffic data from detectors serve as inputs of the model. Traffic simulation software, CORSIM, served as a developmental environment and test bed for evaluating the proposed system. MATLAB optimization toolboxes have been applied to solve the proposed model. A CORSIM Run-Time-Extension (RTE) has been developed to exchange data between CORSIM and the adopted MATLAB optimization algorithms (Genetic Algorithm, Pattern Search in direct search toolbox, and Sequential Quadratic Programming). Among the three candidate algorithms, the Sequential Quadratic Programming showed the fastest execution speed and yielded the smallest total delays for numerical examples. TRANSYT-7F, the most credible traffic signal optimization software has been used as a benchmark to verify the proposed model. The total corridor delays obtained from CORSIM with the SQP solutions show average reductions of 8.97%, 14.09%, and 13.09% for heavy, moderate and light traffic congestion levels respectively when compared with TRANSYT-7F optimization results. The maximum model execution time at each MATLAB call is fewer than two minutes, which implies that the system is capable of real world implementation with a DMS message and signal update interval of two minutes.
Download or read book Development and Testing of a Constrained Optimization Model for Traffic Signal Plan Transition written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In advanced traffic signal control systems, traffic signal plan transition is the process of switching from one timing plan to another to accommodate changes in traffic demand. In traditional coordinated system operation, whether plans are set by time of day or by traffic responsive plan selection, traffic flow can be severely disrupted by the sudden changes in traffic signal timing plans. Even in case of advanced traffic control systems such as Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS), the flow disruption during the transition period can cause a temporary, but sharp decline in system performance. Therefore, the quest for a signal plan transition method that minimizes flow disruption during the transition period is well motivated. Although various transition methods have been developed and refined, existing transition methods are not based on optimizing operational measures of effectiveness during plan transition periods. As the first step in remedying this situation, this research developed a non-linear mathematical model that provides constrained delay minimization through incremental and simultaneous adjustments in offset, cycle length, and phase splits during plan transitions. A simulation study was performed to comparatively evaluate the delay performance of the proposed versus existing transition methods. Also, statistical analyses using ANOVA and multi-comparison tests were conducted to validate the simulation results. According to the analysis results, currently used transition methods tend to assign an excessive amount of green time to the main street, resulting in additional side street delay without performance improvement for the total transportation network. By contrast, the proposed transition method showed measurable improvement in delay performance under a broad range of traffic and geometric conditions.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (835 download)
Download or read book Development of an Integrated Microscopic Traffic Simulation and Signal Timing Optimization Tool written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eric G. Strack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (87 download)
Download or read book An Evolutionary Algorithm Approach to Actuated Signal Timing Optimization Under Lane-by-lane Detection Condition written by Eric G. Strack and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Motivated by the need to reduce congestion on the nation's roadway network, this research seeks to determine when a new detection scheme at actuated signalized intersections may help. This new detection scheme is called lane-by-lane detection. It "looks" at traffic in all lanes individually to determine the traffic volume on the roadway. Specifically, the problems addressed are investigating alternate signal timings and investigating the traffic volume's effect on performance of the detection scheme. For the alternate signal timings, an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) was employed to identify the optimal signal timing. This algorithm creates signal timings and tests them in the microscopic traffic simulator, VISSIM. VISSIM returns the average delay to act as a measure of the signal timing. From this value, the EA uses evolutionary techniques found in biology to find the optimal signal timing. The investigation of traffic volume scenarios was performed using the optimal signal timings found by the EA as a starting point. This signal timing was run 25 times under each type of detection and the results were compared for 10 volume scenarios. A comparison of the performance for each volume scenario was completed. The results of the EA conclusively show that there is no signal timing which is better suited for lane-by-lane detection than for single-channel detection. Based upon this it is recommended that lane-by-lane detection be implemented with no other change to the signal control logic. Then the traffic signal volume study showed that low to moderate traffic volumes were necessary at the intersection for lane-by-lane detection to be beneficial. Also low left turning volumes were necessary on all approaches because large volumes sometimes interfered with thru traffic. If these guidelines are kept in mind, the reduction in delay per vehicle should be approximately 1.65 seconds"--Abstract, leaf iii.
