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Author : Nicholas J. Vlahos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Optimization in Large Networks written by Nicholas J. Vlahos and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nicholas Vlahos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (629 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Optimization in Large Networks written by Nicholas Vlahos and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Byungkyu Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Application of the Stochastic Optimization Method in Optimizing Traffic Signal Control Settings written by Byungkyu Park and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic congestion has greatly affected not only the nation's economy and environment but also every citizen's quality of life. A recent study shows that every American traveler spent an extra 38 hours and 26 gallons of fuel per year due to traffic congestion during the peak period. Of this congestion, 10% is attributable to improper operations of traffic signals. Surprisingly, more than a half of all signalized intersections in the United States needs to be re-optimized immediately to maintain peak efficiency. Even though many traffic signal control systems have been upgraded from pre-timed controllers to actuated and adaptive controllers, the traffic signal optimization software has not been kept current. For example, existing commercial traffic signal timing optimization programs including SYNCHRO and TRANSYT-7F do not optimize advanced controller settings available in the modern traffic controllers including minimum green time, extension time, and detector settings. This is in part because existing programs are based on macroscopic simulation tools that do not explicitly consider individual vehicular movements. To overcome such a shortcoming, a stochastic optimization method (SOM) was proposed and successfully applied to a signalized corridor in Northern Virginia. This study presents enhancements made in the SOM and case study results from an arterial network consisting of 16 signalized intersections. The proposed method employs a distributed computing environment (DCE) for faster computation time and uses a shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (SFLA) for better optimization. The case study results showed that the proposed enhanced SOM method, called SFLASOM, improved the total network travel times over field settings by 3.5% for Mid-Day and 2.1% for PM-Peak. In addition, corridor travel times were improved by 2.3% to 17.9% over field settings. However, when the new SOM timing plan was compared to the new field timing plan implemented in July 2008, the improvements were marginal, showing slightly over 2% reductions in individual vehicular delay.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book National Signal Timing Optimization Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Can Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Network Traffic Signal Control with Short-term Origin Destination Demand in a Connected Vehicle Environment Via Mobile Edge Computing written by Can Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis develops and analyzes centralized and decentralized network-level traffic signal control system under in a connected vehicle (CV) environment with mobile edge computing (MEC). The goal is to provide a framework of decentralized signal control (DSC) system especially for real-time control and large-scale traffic network. Short-term origin-destination (OD) demand is used as an input given that the technological paradigm assumed is within the CV environment, unlike most previous works that look at network control but in a current technological paradigm. Considering short-term OD demand as inputs, a queue-based dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model is proposed to predict traffic dynamics in traffic networks with signal control. Although DTA has been an effective tool to describe traffic dynamics for traffic optimization, and many researchers have considered traffic signal control in their models, signal timings have been simplified without considering complex, but realistic, phase sequence and duration restrictions. This work formulates traffic signal timing as a component of the link performance function with three control variables: cycle length, phase split, and offset. In addition, both user-optimal (UO) and system-optimal (SO) DTA problems are solved within a single corridor network. Finally, this thesis provides a simulation-based framework of both centralized and decentralized signal control to solve the network-level traffic signal control optimization problem. For the centralized system, this work solves the issue of optimal control using a three-step naïve method. Because the optimization of large-scale network traffic signals is a Nondeterministic Polynomial Time (NP)-complete problem, the centralized system is further decomposed into a decentralized system where the network is divided into subnetworks. - Each subnetwork has its own agent that optimizes signals within the subnetwork. The proposed control systems are applied to a set of test scenarios constructed using different demand levels in different grid networks. This work also investigates the impact of network decomposition strategy on the signal control system performance. Results show that network decomposition with smaller subnetworks results in less Computational Time (CT), but also increased Average Travel Time (ATT) and Total Travel Delay (TTD). This thesis contributes to the literature by a queue-based DTA model for traffic network with real traffic signal timing plan, a simulation-based framework of DSC system within the MEC-enabled CV environment, and a scalable and extendable decomposition method for a DSC system.
Author : Mehrzad Mehrabipour
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Real-time Network-level Signal Timing Optimization written by Mehrzad Mehrabipour and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approaches to solving signal timing optimization problems can be categorized into centralized, decentralized, hierarchical, and distributed-coordinated control approaches. These categories of approaches are neither tractable nor real-time for large-scale networks. Some of the approaches place restrictive assumptions on network topology and movements at intersections or they generate low-quality solutions.
Download or read book National Signal Timing Optimization Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes the results of the National Signal Timing Organization Project initiated by the Federal Highway Administration as a fuel conservation effort. The objectives of this project are: 1) to establish credible data on the effectiveness of signal timing optimization; 2) to make signal timing optimization projects easier to do; and 3) to define the resources (cost, level of staff, computer, etc.) required to undertake a signal timing optimization project, so that traffic engineers and administrators can more effectively budget for this activity. The project consisted of the development of the TRANSYT-7F signal timing optimization program User's Manual, and training course, and application of the program in 11 cities nationwide to evaluate the effectiveness of the poptimized signal timing plans and to collect data on the needed resources.
Author : U.s. Department of Transportation
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781508557173
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (571 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Manual written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-20 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report serves as a comprehensive guide to traffic signal timing and documents the tasks completed in association with its development. The focus of this document is on traffic signal control principles, practices, and procedures. It describes the relationship between traffic signal timing and transportation policy and addresses maintenance and operations of traffic signals. It represents a synthesis of traffic signal timing concepts and their application and focuses on the use of detection, related timing parameters, and resulting effects to users at the intersection. It discusses advanced topics briefly to raise awareness related to their use and application. The purpose of the Signal Timing Manual is to provide direction and guidance to managers, supervisors, and practitioners based on sound practice to proactively and comprehensively improve signal timing. The outcome of properly training staff and proactively operating and maintaining traffic signals is signal timing that reduces congestion and fuel consumption ultimately improving our quality of life and the air we breathe. This manual provides an easy-to-use concise, practical and modular guide on signal timing. The elements of signal timing from policy and funding considerations to timing plan development, assessment, and maintenance are covered in the manual. The manual is the culmination of research into practices across North America and serves as a reference for a range of practitioners, from those involved in the day to day management, operation and maintenance of traffic signals to those that plan, design, operate and maintain these systems.
Author : Byungkyu Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Traffic Signal Timing Optimization Methods Using a Stochastic and Microscopic Simulation Program written by Byungkyu Park and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated existing traffic signal optimization programs including Synchro, TRANSYT-7F, and genetic algorithm optimization using real-world data collected in Virginia. As a first step, a microscopic simulation model, VISSIM, was extensively calibrated and validated using field data. Multiple simulation runs were then made for signal timing plans such that drivers' behavior, day-to-day traffic variation, etc. were considered in the evaluation. Finally, long-term demand growth or changes were statistically modeled and evaluated, again using multiple simulation runs. Five timing plans were evaluated using the simulation test bed. The timing plans under evaluation included (1) the former timing plan of the Virginia Department of Transportation(VDOT), (2) VDOT's current timing plan, (3) the genetic algorithm optimized timing plan, (4)the Synchro optimized timing plan, and (5) the TRANSYT-7F optimized timing plan. The simulation study results indicated that the current practice of VDOT's current signal optimization procedure significantly improved upon its former one by reducing travel times by 17% and total system delay by 36%. The three "optimized" timing plans did not provide significant improvements. Evaluation of the Lee-Jackson Memorial Highway network showed that the current VDOT signal optimization procedure significantly improved the performance of network operations. Thus, the study recommended that VDOT continue using its procedure for developing new timing plans but that it evaluate its signal timing plan regularly so that it does not become outdated
Author : Edmond Chin-Ping Chang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)
Download or read book A Minimum Delay Approach to Maximum Bandwidth Optimization on Arterial Traffic Signal Timing written by Edmond Chin-Ping Chang and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Leslie Pack Kaelbling
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0792397053
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (923 download)
Download or read book Recent Advances in Reinforcement Learning written by Leslie Pack Kaelbling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-03-31 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in Reinforcement Learning addresses current research in an exciting area that is gaining a great deal of popularity in the Artificial Intelligence and Neural Network communities. Reinforcement learning has become a primary paradigm of machine learning. It applies to problems in which an agent (such as a robot, a process controller, or an information-retrieval engine) has to learn how to behave given only information about the success of its current actions. This book is a collection of important papers that address topics including the theoretical foundations of dynamic programming approaches, the role of prior knowledge, and methods for improving performance of reinforcement-learning techniques. These papers build on previous work and will form an important resource for students and researchers in the area. Recent Advances in Reinforcement Learning is an edited volume of peer-reviewed original research comprising twelve invited contributions by leading researchers. This research work has also been published as a special issue of Machine Learning (Volume 22, Numbers 1, 2 and 3).
Author : KLD Associates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (155 download)
Download or read book Variable Cycle Signal Timing Program: Optimization of traffic signals in networks by mixed integer linear programming written by KLD Associates and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wan Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book Traffic Signal Timing Optimization with Connected Vehicles written by Wan Li and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent and deployment of Connected vehicle (CV) and Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications offer the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of traffic signal control systems. The knowledge of vehicle trajectories in the network allows for optimal signal setting and significant improvements in network performance compared to existing traffic signal control systems. This research aims to develop a framework, including modeling techniques, algorithms, and testing strategies, for urban traffic signal optimization with CVs. The objective is to improve the safety, mobility, and sustainability of all vehicles in the study areas utilizing CV data, i.e., real time information on vehicles' locations and speeds, as well as communications to the signal control systems. The proposed framework is able to optimize traffic signal timing for a single intersection and along a corridor under various market penetration of CVs. Under full penetration rate of CVs, the signal timing optimization and coordination problems are first formulated in a centralized scheme as a mixed-integer nonlinear programing (MINLP). Due to the complexity of the model, the problem is decomposed into two levels: an intersection level to optimize phase durations using dynamic programing (DP) and a corridor level to optimize the offsets of all intersections. Under medium-to-high penetration rates of CVs, Kalman filter methods are applied to estimate trajectories of unequipped vehicles given the available trajectories of CVs. The estimated trajectories combined with CV trajectories are utilized in the trajectory-based signal timing optimization process. Under relatively low penetration rates of CVs, a Deep Intersection Spatial Temporal Network (DISTN) is developed to predict short-term movement-based traffic volumes. The predicted volumes are used in a volume-based adaptive signal control method to calculate signal timing parameters. Comprehensive testing and validation of the proposed methods are conducted in traffic simulation and with real world CV (probe vehicle) data. The testing tasks aim to validate that the developed methods are computationally manageable and have the potential to be implemented in CV-based traffic signal applications in the real world.
Author : Peng Liu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Development and Evaluation of a Network-wide Traffic Signal Coordination (NETSCA) Algorithm for Improved Operational Performance written by Peng Liu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic congestion is becoming an increasingly serious issue in urban road networks across the United States and around the world. Over many solutions to traffic congestion, operational improvement is preferred because a properly designed and fine-tuned traffic signal timing plan can significantly improve travel delay of motorists, progression of traffic flow, vehicle emissions, fuel consumption and operating costs. In this dissertation, a traffic signal coordination algorithm, named Network-wide Traffic Signal Coordination Algorithm (NeTSCA), is developed aiming to improve the operational performance of traffic network. The developed algorithm consists of two optimization levels: corridor level and network level. At the corridor level, NeTSCA maximizes the bandwidth along each corridor, taking unbalanced directional traffic flow, residual queue and start-up delay into account. At the network level, NeTSCA aims to maximize total network bandwidth under the major intersection constraints, while taking corridor importance level into account. Offset fine-tuning functionality is designed into NeTSCA as a post-processing optimization step to deal with vehicle speed variation and other complex practical situations.Micro-simulation is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of NeTSCA on improving network operational performance in comparison with SYNCHRO and a baseline condition under various traffic conditions. Statistical analyses on performance measures obtained from VISSIM micro-simulation platform validate that NeTSCA can effectively improve network-wide operational performance with a decreased average delay, an increased average speed and a reduced average number of stops under most test scenarios. Future work such as real-time optimization capability and field implementation of the developed algorithm are discussed in this dissertation.
Author : Ehsan Bagheri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Enhanced Traffic Signal Operation Using Connected Vehicle Data written by Ehsan Bagheri and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As traffic on urban road network increases, congestion and delays are becoming more severe. At grade intersections form capacity bottlenecks in urban road networks because at these locations, capacity must be shared by competing traffic movements. Traffic signals are the most common method by which the right of way is dynamically allocated to conflicting movements. A range of traffic signal control strategies exist including fixed time control, actuated control, and adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC). ATSC relies on traffic sensors to estimate inputs such as traffic demands, queue lengths, etc. and then dynamically adjusts signal timings with the objective to minimize delays and stops at the intersection. Despite, the advantages of these ATSC systems, one of the barriers limiting greater use of these systems is the large number of traffic sensors required to provide the essential information for their signal timing optimization methodologies. A recently introduced technology called connected vehicles will make vehicles capable of providing detailed information such as their position, speed, acceleration rate, etc. in real-time using a wireless technology. The deployment of connected vehicle technology would provide the opportunity to introduce new traffic control strategies or to enhance the existing one. Some work has been done to-date to develop new ATSC systems on the basis of the data provided by connected vehicles which are mainly designed on the assumption that all vehicles on the network are equipped with the connected vehicle technology. The goals of such systems are to: 1) provide better performance at signalized intersections using enhanced algorithms based on richer data provided by the connected vehicles; and 2) reduce (or eliminate) the need for fixed point detectors/sensors in order to reduce deployment and maintenance costs. However, no work has been done to investigate how connected vehicle data can improve the performance of ATSC systems that are currently deployed and that operate using data from traditional detectors. Moreover, achieving a 100% market penetration of connected vehicles may take more than 30 years (even if the technology is mandated on new vehicles). Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solution that is capable of improving the performance of signalized intersections during this transition period using connected vehicle data even at low market penetration rates. This research examines the use of connected vehicle data as the only data source at different market penetration rates aiming to provide the required inputs for conventional adaptive signal control systems. The thesis proposes various methodologies to: 1) estimate queues at signalized intersections; 2) dynamically estimate the saturation flow rate required for optimizing the timings of traffic signals at intersections; and 3) estimate the free flow speed on arterials for the purpose of optimizing offsets between traffic signals. This thesis has resulted in the following findings: 1. Connected vehicle data can be used to estimate the queue length at signalized intersections especially for the purpose of estimating the saturation flow rate. The vehicles' length information provided by connected vehicles can be used to enhance the queue estimation when the traffic composition changes on a network. 2. The proposed methodology for estimating the saturation flow rate is able to estimate temporally varying saturation flow rates in response to changing network conditions, including lane blockages and queue spillback that limit discharge rates, and do so with an acceptable range of errors even at low level of market penetration of connected vehicles. The evaluation of the method for a range of traffic Level of Service (LOS) shows that the maximum observed mean absolute relative error (6.2%) occurs at LOS F and when only 10% of vehicles in the traffic stream are connected vehicles. 3. The proposed method for estimating the Free Flow Speed (FFS) on arterial roads can provide estimations close to the known ground truth and can respond to changes in the FFS. The results also show that the maximum absolute error of approximately 4.7 km/h in the estimated FFS was observed at 10% market penetration rate of connected vehicles. 4. The results of an evaluation of an adaptive signal control system based on connected vehicle data in a microsimulation environment show that the adaptive signal control system is able to adjust timings of signals at intersections in response to changes in the saturation flow rate and free flow speed estimated from connected vehicle data using the proposed methodologies. The comparison of the adaptive signal control system against a fixed time control at 20% and 100% CV market penetration rates shows improvements in average vehicular delay and average number of stops at both market penetration rates and though improvements are larger for 100% CV LMP, approximately 70% of these improvements are achieved at 20% CV LMP.
Author : M. E. Ting Lu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Network-wide Traffic Signal Optimization written by M. E. Ting Lu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jason C. Hung
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811680523
Total Pages : 1877 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Frontier Computing written by Jason C. Hung and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-23 with total page 1877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Frontier Computing, held in Seoul, on July 13–17, 2021, and provides comprehensive coverage of the latest advances and trends in information technology, science, and engineering. It addresses a number of broad themes, including communication networks, business intelligence and knowledge management, Web intelligence, and related fields that inspire the development of information technology. The respective contributions cover a wide range of topics: database and data mining, networking and communications, Web and Internet of things, embedded systems, soft computing, social network analysis, security and privacy, optical communication, and ubiquitous/pervasive computing. Many of the papers outline promising future research directions, and the book benefits students, researchers, and professionals alike. Further, it offers a useful reference guide for newcomers to the field.
