Trade And Direct Investment In Producer Services And The Domestic Market For Expertise

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Trade and Direct Investment in Producer Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise

Author : James R. Markusen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade and Direct Investment in Producer Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise by : James R. Markusen

Download or read book Trade and Direct Investment in Producer Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise written by James R. Markusen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign producer services can provide substantial benefits for domestic firms. We build on earlier monopolistic-competition models of intermediate producer services in this paper. Results show that: (1) while foreign services are partial-equilibrium substitutes for domestic skilled labour, they may be general-equilibrium complements, (2) service trade can provide crucial missing inputs that reverse comparative advantage in final goods, (3) the 'optimal' tax on imported services may be a subsidy, and (4) in our dynamic formulation, there may be earnings losses for immobile workers along a transition path that suggest potentially important equity consequences of reform.

Foreign Direct Investment in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise

Author : James R. Markusen
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise by : James R. Markusen

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise written by James R. Markusen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How important to welfare and growth in developing countries are restraints on foreign providers of producer services? Limiting such services not only may limit growth but may hurt some of the very people - domestic skilled workers in such service sectors - those restraints are designed to protect.

Foreign Direct Investments in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise

Author : David Tarr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (874 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investments in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise by : David Tarr

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investments in Services and the Domestic Market for Expertise written by David Tarr and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Producer services such as managerial and engineering consulting can provide domestic firms with the substantial benefits of specialized knowledge that would be costly in terms of both time and money for domestic firms to develop on their own. These intermediate services are often non-traded, or costly to trade, and are best transferred through foreign direct investment. This has important implications for public policy since policies that impact on foreign direct investment are often quite different from those that impact on trade in goods. We develop a model of these services in this paper. Results show that: (1) while imported services are partial-equilibrium substitutes for domestic skilled labor, they may be general-equilibrium complements, (2) imported services lead to differential productivity effects in final goods production so that, for example, the pattern of trade in goods can reverse when FDI is permitted, and (3) the optimal tax on FDI (which we do not advocate as a practical matter) is negative

Services in the Global Market

Author : Jacques A.E. Nusbaumer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400932650
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Services in the Global Market by : Jacques A.E. Nusbaumer

Download or read book Services in the Global Market written by Jacques A.E. Nusbaumer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Service activities are at the heart of a major economic revolution taking place all around us. This new economic revolution is equivalent to the Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century, the rise of the guilds in the Middle Ages, and the shift from a hunter/gatherer economy to an agricultural/pastoral economy at the dawn of recorded history when organized agriculture first led to the development of towns and the invention of writing. In this new revolution, computers, factory robots, and completely automated factories are rapidly reducing the need for physi cal labor in production. At the same time, sophisticated agricultural machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, and biogenetic engineering have reduced and will continue to reduce the physical labor involved in growing food. In the new economy that will emerge from this revolution, most people will earn their living by working in services. Like all revolutions, the new economic revolution is troublesome because it brings with it major changes in everyday life, both at home and in the workplace. Change creates uncertainty about the future and am biguity in the interpretation of economic trends. The new revolution is also troublesome because it adds to the complexity of economic organiza tion and removes more people from the direct production of physical goods. In the new economy, more and more jobs will be based on the application of specialized knowledge and the manipulation of information with computers, a long step away from "real" jobs like growing wheat and assembling cars.

Exposure of the Business Services Industry to International Competition

Author : Henk Kox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Exposure of the Business Services Industry to International Competition by : Henk Kox

Download or read book Exposure of the Business Services Industry to International Competition written by Henk Kox and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Services Trade and Growth

Author : Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Services Trade and Growth by : Aaditya Mattoo

Download or read book Services Trade and Growth written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The competitiveness of firms in open economies is increasingly determined by access to low-cost and high-quality producer services - telecommunications, transport and distribution services, financial intermediation, etc. This paper discusses the role of services in economic growth, focusing in particular on channels through which openness to trade in services may increase productivity at the level of the economy as a whole, industries and the firm. The authors explore what recent empirical work suggests could be done to enhance comparative advantage in the production and export of services and how to design policy reforms to open services markets to greater foreign participation in a way that ensures not just greater efficiency but also greater equity in terms of access to services.

Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling

Author : Peter B. Dixon
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444536353
Total Pages : 1143 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling by : Peter B. Dixon

Download or read book Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling written by Peter B. Dixon and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of 17 articles, top scholars synthesize and analyze scholarship on this widely used tool of policy analysis, setting forth its accomplishments, difficulties, and means of implementation. Though CGE modeling does not play a prominent role in top US graduate schools, it is employed universally in the development of economic policy. This collection is particularly important because it presents a history of modeling applications and examines competing points of view. Presents coherent summaries of CGE theories that inform major model types Covers the construction of CGE databases, model solving, and computer-assisted interpretation of results Shows how CGE modeling has made a contribution to economic policy

Investing in Skills for Inclusive Trade

Author : Marc Bacchetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789221296416
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (964 download)

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Book Synopsis Investing in Skills for Inclusive Trade by : Marc Bacchetta

Download or read book Investing in Skills for Inclusive Trade written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the global economy has experienced a profound transformation due to trade integration and technological progress as well as important political changes. This transformation has been accompanied by significant positive effects at the global level, as increased trade integration has helped to raise incomes in advanced and developing economies, lifting millions out of poverty. At the same time, it has translated into changes experienced by individuals, companies and communities. While overall, better job opportunities are on the rise, workers who are forced to leave their existing jobs may find it difficult to share in these improvements. Policies aimed at facilitating adjustment can reduce the number of those left behind by trade or technology, while at the same time raising the net gains from these developments, improving overall efficiency and boosting incomes. Given the role of skills in productivity and in trade performance as well as in access to employment and wage distribution, a strong emphasis on skills development is vital for both firms and workers. This publication argues that in the current fast-changing context of globalization, where technology and trade relations evolve rapidly, the responsiveness of skills supply to demand plays a central role not only from an efficiency perspective, but also from a distributional perspective. Featuring results from the ILO's Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification (STED) programme, this report shows that appropriate skills development policies are key to helping firms participate in trade, and also to helping workers find good jobs. Co-published with World Trade Organization.

Liberalizing Trade in Services

Author : Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Liberalizing Trade in Services by : Bernard M. Hoekman

Download or read book Liberalizing Trade in Services written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Since the mid 1980s a substantial amount of research has been undertaken on trade in services. Much of this is inspired by the World Trade Organization or regional trade agreements, especially the European Union, but an increasing number of papers focus on the impacts of services sector liberalization. This paper surveys the literature, focusing on contributions that investigate the determinants of international trade and investment in services, the potential gains from greater trade (and liberalization), and efforts to cooperate to achieve such liberalization through trade agreements. It concludes that there is increasing evidence that services liberalization is an important source of potential welfare gains, but relatively little research has been done that can inform the design of international cooperation-both trade agreements and development assistance-so as to more effectively promote development objectives.

Service Industries and Regions

Author : Juan R. Cuadrado-Roura
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642358012
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Service Industries and Regions by : Juan R. Cuadrado-Roura

Download or read book Service Industries and Regions written by Juan R. Cuadrado-Roura and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-26 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The service sector in most advanced economies accounts for up to seventy percent of employment and GDP and, given its growing importance, has received much research attention over the last two decades. However, not very much attention has been paid to the relationship between this sector and both its territorial impact and regional effects. The main objective of this book is to offer a comprehensive approach to these aspects, focusing particularly on the location factors of service industries and the importance of some specific services, such as business services and knowledge and information services. The contributions have been prepared by well-known experts in the field from a wide number of countries. The focus of all contributions is not only on theoretical aspects, but also provides empirical analyses on specific countries and topics such as the geographical concentration, globalization impacts, foreign direct investments, and innovation.

Multilateralizing Regionalism

Author : Richard Baldwin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139475398
Total Pages : 743 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilateralizing Regionalism by : Richard Baldwin

Download or read book Multilateralizing Regionalism written by Richard Baldwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regional trade agreements (RTAs) have proliferated around the world in the past two decades, and now nearly all members of the WTO are party to at least one. Besides tariffs and rules of origin regulating trade in goods, many RTAs now include provisions on services, investments, technical barriers to trade and competition rules, as well as a host of issues not directly related to trade. The geographic reach of RTAs is expanding, with transcontinental agreements spreading forcefully alongside intra-regional agreements. 'Multilateralizing Regionalism' was the title of a major conference held from 10–12 September 2007 at the WTO in Geneva. Brought together in this publication, the conference papers achieve two things. First, they marshall detailed, new empirical work on the nature of the 'Spaghetti Bowl' and the problems it poses for the multilateral trade system. Second, they contribute fresh and creative thinking on how to 'tame the tangle' of regional trade agreements.

New Voices in Investment

Author : Maria Laura Gómez Mera
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9781464803710
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis New Voices in Investment by : Maria Laura Gómez Mera

Download or read book New Voices in Investment written by Maria Laura Gómez Mera and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyzes the characteristics, motivations, strategies, and needs of FDI from emerging markets. It draws from a survey of investors and potential investors in Brazil, India, South Korea, and South Africa.

Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks

Author : Bartlomiej Kaminski
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks by : Bartlomiej Kaminski

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and Integration into Global Production and Distribution Networks written by Bartlomiej Kaminski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration into the production and marketing arrangements of multinational corporations may offer many benefits to transition economies that, after a long period of isolation, have liberalized trade and investment. The fragmentation of production offers a unique opportunity for producers in developing countries to move from servicing small local markets to supplying large firms abroad and, indirectly, their customers all over the world.Not until the end of the twentieth century, the quot;second globalization,quot; has the ratio of trade to GDP been comparable to that during the first globalization, which took place at the end of the nineteenth century and was interrupted by World War I. Technological progress has increased the importance of the international division of labor and of global production and distribution networks. Multinational corporations have been a driving force behind these developments. As a transition economy, Poland provides an interesting case for study, as its sudden opening to foreign investment after a long period of isolation allows the process of integration into global networks to be studied more clearly.Using Poland as a case study, Kaminski and Smarzynska study multinational corporations' role in integrating a host country into the increasingly international division of labor. They provide evidence that inflows of foreign direct investment are increasing Poland's participation in global production and distribution networks. They conclude that because of the large volume of foreign direct investment inflows expected in Poland in the near future, Poland's exports - driven by fragmented production - will continue to expand at even faster rates than observed there recently.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study the effects of foreign direct investment on economic activity.

Development, Trade, and the WTO

Author : Bernard M. Hoekman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821349977
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (499 download)

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Book Synopsis Development, Trade, and the WTO by : Bernard M. Hoekman

Download or read book Development, Trade, and the WTO written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's description: Developing countries are increasingly confronted with the need to address trade policy related issues in international agreements, most prominently the World Trade Organization (WTO). New WTO negotiations on a broad range of subjects were launched in November 2001. Determining whether and how international trade agreements can support economic development is a major challenge. Stakeholders in developing countries must be informed on the issues and understand how their interests can be pursued through international cooperation. This handbook offers guidance on the design of trade policy reform, surveys key disciplines and the functioning of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and discusses numerous issues and options that confront developing countries in using international cooperation to improve domestic policy and obtain access to export markets. Many of the issues discussed are also relevant in the context of regional integration agreements. Separate sections of the handbook summarize what constitutes sound trade policy; the major aspects of the WTO from a development perspective; policy issues in the area of merchandise trade and the liberalization of international transactions in services; protection of intellectual property rights and economic development; new regulatory subjects that are emerging in the agenda of trade talks; and enhancing participation of developing countries in the global trading system.

Applied Trade Policy Modeling In 16 Countries: Insights And Impacts From World Bank Cge Based Projects

Author : David G Tarr
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814551449
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Trade Policy Modeling In 16 Countries: Insights And Impacts From World Bank Cge Based Projects by : David G Tarr

Download or read book Applied Trade Policy Modeling In 16 Countries: Insights And Impacts From World Bank Cge Based Projects written by David G Tarr and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the World Bank projects, led by the author, based on computable general equilibrium models of international trade policy. The chapters show an unusual combination of policy relevance, advice and impact, with academic rigor and international trade theory insights. The author discusses some of the policy contexts for the requests from developing and transition countries to the World Bank, the key trade theory or policy insights, policy recommendations and conclusions, and the policy impacts.

Trade Policies for Development and Transition

Author : David G Tarr
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9813108444
Total Pages : 695 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade Policies for Development and Transition by : David G Tarr

Download or read book Trade Policies for Development and Transition written by David G Tarr and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author has virtually incomparable experience in both providing trade policy advice to more than 25 countries on behalf of the World Bank and also publishing quality journal articles in most of those cases. In this volume, he focuses on his work on: (i) trade policies for countries making the transition from planned to market economies; (ii) his trade policy guideline papers for the World Bank on trade policies for poverty alleviation, uniform tariff policy, adjustment costs of trade liberalization, exchange rate overvaluation, globalization and technology transfer and rules of thumb on regional trade policies; (iii) multilateral, dynamic and environmental issues in trade policy using computable general equilibrium models; (iv) trade policy of the United States in the auto and steel industries; and (v) mathematical methods for modeling. The papers show an unusual combination of policy relevance, advice and impact, with rigor and international trade theory insights. The papers in this volume have appeared in many of the economics profession's more prestigious journals, including Econometrica, Review of Economic Studies, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Economic Journal, the Journal of International Economics, International Economic Review, European Economic Review, Canadian Journal of Economics, Economic Inquiry, the Journal of Comparative Economic, Review of International Economics, World Economy, the Southern Economic Journal, the World Bank Economic Review, the Japanese Economic Review and the Latin American Journal of Economics. In this book, the author elaborates on the articles by discussing some of the policy contexts for the requests for the work from developing and transition countries to the World Bank, the key trade theory or policy insights, policy recommendations and conclusions and the policy impacts.

China, India, and the Future of the World Economy: Fierce Competition Or Shared Growth?

Author : Betina Dimarianan
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis China, India, and the Future of the World Economy: Fierce Competition Or Shared Growth? by : Betina Dimarianan

Download or read book China, India, and the Future of the World Economy: Fierce Competition Or Shared Growth? written by Betina Dimarianan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Although both China and India are labor-abundant and dependant on manufactures, their export mixes are very different. Only one product-refined petroleum-appears in the top 25 products for both countries, and services exports are roughly twice as important for India as for China, which is much better integrated into global production networks. Even assuming India also begins to integrate into global production chains and expands exports of manufactures, there seems to be opportunity for rapid growth in both countries. Accelerated growth through efficiency improvements in China and India, especially in their high-tech industries, will intensify competition in global markets leading to contraction of the manufacturing sectors in many countries. Improvement in the range and quality of exports from China and India has the potential to create substantial welfare benefits for the world, and for China and India, and to act as a powerful offset to the terms-of-trade losses otherwise associated with rapid export growth. However, without efforts to keep up with China and India, some countries may see further erosion of their export shares and high-tech manufacturing sectors.