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Towards Tree Level Evapotranspiration Estimation With Small Uavs In Precision Agriculture
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Book Synopsis Towards Tree-level Evapotranspiration Estimation with Small UAVs in Precision Agriculture by : Haoyu Niu
Download or read book Towards Tree-level Evapotranspiration Estimation with Small UAVs in Precision Agriculture written by Haoyu Niu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimating evapotranspiration (ET) has been one of the most critical research areas in agriculture because of water scarcity, the growing population, and climate change. The accurate estimation and mapping of ET are necessary for crop water management. Traditionally, researchers use water balance, soil moisture, weighing lysimeters, or an energy balance approach, such as Bowen ratio or eddy covariance towers to estimate ET. However, these ET methods are point-specific or area-weighted measurements and cannot be extended to a large scale. On the other hand, while remote sensing is able to provide spatially distributed measurements, the spatial resolution of multispectral satellite images is often not enough for crops with clumped canopy structures, such as trees and vines. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can mitigate these spatial and temporal limitations. Lightweight cameras and sensors can be mounted on the UAVs and take high-resolution images. Unlike satellite imagery, the spatial resolution of the UAV images can be at the centimeter-level. UAVs can also fly on-demand, which provides high temporal imagery. This book examines the different UAV-based approaches of ET estimation. Models and algorithms, such as mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration (METRIC), the two-source energy balance (TSEB) model, and machine learning (ML) are discussed. It also covers the challenges and opportunities for UAVs in ET estimation, with the final chapters devoted to new ET estimation methods and their potential applications for future research.
Book Synopsis Smart Big Data in Digital Agriculture Applications by : Haoyu Niu
Download or read book Smart Big Data in Digital Agriculture Applications written by Haoyu Niu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration (ET) by : Pradeep Wagle
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration (ET) written by Pradeep Wagle and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the water and energy balances, and the number of remote sensing-based ET products and estimation methods has increased in recent years. Various aspects of remote sensing of ET are reported in the 11 papers published in this book. The major research areas covered by this book include inter-comparison and performance evaluation of widely used one- and two-source energy balance models, a new dual-source model (Soil Plant Atmosphere and Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration, SPARSE), and a process-based model (ETMonitor); assessment of multi-source (e.g., remote sensing, reanalysis, and land surface model) ET products; development or improvement of data fusion frameworks to predict continuous daily ET at a high spatial resolution (field-scale or 30 m) by fusing the advanced spaceborne thermal emission reflectance radiometer (ASTER), the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Landsat data; and investigating uncertainties in ET estimates using an ET ensemble composed of several land surface models and diagnostic datasets. The effects of the differences between ET products on water resources and ecosystem management were also investigated. More accurate ET estimates and improved understanding of remotely sensed ET products are crucial for maximizing crop productivity while minimizing water losses and management costs.
Book Synopsis UAS-Remote Sensing Methods for Mapping, Monitoring and Modeling Crops by : Francisco Javier Mesas Carrascosa
Download or read book UAS-Remote Sensing Methods for Mapping, Monitoring and Modeling Crops written by Francisco Javier Mesas Carrascosa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms and onboard sensors in the past few years have greatly increased our ability to monitor and map crops. The ability to register images at ultrahigh spatial resolution at any moment has made remote sensing techniques increasingly useful in crop management. These technologies have revolutionized the way in which remote sensing is applied in precision agriculture, allowing for decision-making in a matter of days instead of weeks. However, it is still necessary to continue research to improve and maximize the potential of UAV remote sensing in agriculture. This Special Issue of Remote Sensing includes different applications of UAV remote sensing for crop management, covering RGB, multispectral, hyperspectral and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor applications aboard UAVs. The papers reveal innovative techniques involving image analysis and cloud points. However, it should be emphasized that this Special Issue is a small sample of UAV applications in agriculture and that there is much more to investigate.
Book Synopsis Evapotranspiration Over Heterogeneous Vegetated Surfaces by : Yuting Yang
Download or read book Evapotranspiration Over Heterogeneous Vegetated Surfaces written by Yuting Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-03 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this work is the development of models to estimate evapotranspiration (ET), investigating the partitioning between soil evaporation and plant transpiration at field and regional scales, and calculating ET over heterogeneous vegetated surfaces. Different algorithms with varying complexities as well as spatial and temporal resolutions are developed to estimate evapotranspiration from different data inputs. The author proposes a novel approach to estimate ET from remote sensing by exploiting the linkage between water and carbon cycles. At the field scale, a hybrid dual source model (H-D model) is proposed. It is verified with field observations over four different ecosystems and coupled with a soil water and heat transfer model, to simulate water and heat transfer in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. At the regional scale, a hybrid dual source scheme and trapezoid framework based ET model (HTEM), using remote sensing images is developed. This model is verified with data from the USA and China and the impact of agricultural water-saving on ET of different land use types is analyzed, in these chapters. The author discusses the potential of using a remote sensing ET model in the real management of water resources in a large irrigation district. This work would be of particular interest to any hydrologist or micro-meteorologist who works on ET estimation and it will also appeal to the ecologist who works on the coupled water and carbon cycles. Land evapotranspiration is an important research topic in hydrology, meteorology, ecology and agricultural sciences. Dr. Yuting Yang works at the CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, Australia.
Download or read book Evapotranspiration written by Ayse Irmak and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of Evapotranspiration - Remote Sensing and Modeling contains 23 chapters related to the modeling and simulation of evapotranspiration (ET) and remote sensing-based energy balance determination of ET. These areas are at the forefront of technologies that quantify the highly spatial ET from the Earth's surface. The topics describe mechanics of ET simulation from partially vegetated surfaces and stomatal conductance behavior of natural and agricultural ecosystems. Estimation methods that use weather based methods, soil water balance, the Complementary Relationship, the Hargreaves and other temperature-radiation based methods, and Fuzzy-Probabilistic calculations are described. A critical review describes methods used in hydrological models. Applications describe ET patterns in alpine catchments, under water shortage, for irrigated systems, under climate change, and for grasslands and pastures. Remote sensing based approaches include Landsat and MODIS satellite-based energy balance, and the common process models SEBAL, METRIC and S-SEBS. Recommended guidelines for applying operational satellite-based energy balance models and for overcoming common challenges are made.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture by : Salim Lamine
Download or read book Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture written by Salim Lamine and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-10-20 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture: Transforming Scientific Advancement into Innovation compiles the latest applications of remote sensing in agriculture using spaceborne, airborne and drones’ geospatial data. The book presents case studies, new algorithms and the latest methods surrounding crop sown area estimation, determining crop health status, assessment of vegetation dynamics, crop diseases identification, crop yield estimation, soil properties, drone image analysis for crop damage assessment, and other issues in precision agriculture. This book is ideal for those seeking to explore and implement remote sensing in an effective and efficient manner with its compendium of scientifically and technologically sound information. Presents a well-integrated collection of chapters, with quality, consistency and continuity Provides the latest RS techniques in Precision Agriculture that are addressed by leading experts Includes detailed, yet geographically global case studies that can be easily understood, reproduced or implemented Covers geospatial data, with codes available through shared links
Book Synopsis Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Micrometeorological Techniques by : Simona Consoli
Download or read book Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Micrometeorological Techniques written by Simona Consoli and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis UAVs for Vegetation Monitoring by : Ana de Castro Megías
Download or read book UAVs for Vegetation Monitoring written by Ana de Castro Megías and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-11-03 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book compiles a set of original and innovative papers included in the Special Issue on UAVs for vegetation monitoring, which proves the wide scope of UAVs in very diverse vegetation applications, both in agricultural and forestry scenarios, ranging from the characterization of relevant vegetation features to the detection of plant or crop stressors. New methods and techniques are developed and applied to diverse vegetation scenarios to meet the main challenge of sustainability.
Book Synopsis Estimating Soil Moisture Conditions and Time for Irrigation with the Evapotranspiration Method by : Cornelius H. M. Van Bavel
Download or read book Estimating Soil Moisture Conditions and Time for Irrigation with the Evapotranspiration Method written by Cornelius H. M. Van Bavel and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Estimation Using SEBAL Model by : Amrit Kamila
Download or read book Satellite Based Evapotranspiration Estimation Using SEBAL Model written by Amrit Kamila and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important part in surface energy and water balance. ET is the process where liquid water is converted into water vapor and thus removed from sources such as the soil surface, wet vegetation, pavement, water bodies, etc. Transpiration consists of the vaporization of liquid water within a plant and subsequent loss of water as vapor through leaf stomata. Remote sensing based energy balance models are presently most suited Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL), a remote sensing based ET model, was applied to Landsat TM imagery in Bankura district, a tropical region in West Bengal with heterogeneous surface conditions, for the estimation of actual ET. SEBAL model follows an energy balance approach of estimation of ET, when the net radiation, sensible heat flux and soil heat flux are known. Input for SEBAL model includes land surface parameters such as surface temperature, NDVI and albedo.
Book Synopsis Estimating Crop Evapotranspiration Using a Satellite Remote Sensing Based Energy Balance Model by : Charles Scarborough
Download or read book Estimating Crop Evapotranspiration Using a Satellite Remote Sensing Based Energy Balance Model written by Charles Scarborough and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration (ET) is the combination of transpiration from plants and evaporation from land surface sources of water. Accurate accounting of actual crop ET is critical in agricultural water management, especially in areas with intensive irrigation. Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) is a useful tool to spatially estimate actual evapotranspiration (ETa) using satellite imagery. Although METRIC has been a documented success in estimating ETa in regions around the world, especially the semi-arid regions of the western United States, it has not been applied in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States or examined under different irrigation regimes like subsurface drip (SDI) and central pivot irrigation (CPI). This study compares cumulative ETa from corn and soybean crops under CPI and SDI crop fields and provides cumulative ETa images of the fields in southern Delaware. METRIC modeled land surface energy balance data and daily ETa (ETMETRIC) were compared to in-situ observations of incoming solar radiation (RS6́3), surface temperature (Ts), net radiation (R℗Ơn), soil heat flux (G), sensible heat flux (H), latent heat flux (LE), Eddy Covariance ETa (ETEC), and atmometer ETa (ETatm). Turbulent fluxes (H and LE) were adjusted to force energy balance closure using the Bowen ratio method. In-situ data measurements were fixed to a Delaware Environmental Observing System (DEOS) station bordering the SDI field in Warrington Farm, a University of Delaware owned irrigation research farm. METRIC analysis and validation were performed over various dates within the 2015, 2016, and 2017 growing seasons. Modeled values of RS6́3, T℗Ơs, G, and LE agreed reasonably well with observations, while Rn and H yielded large biases. Biases in H are in part due to the internal design of METRIC of internal calibration, which absorb all other energy balance biases to yield accurate values of ETa. Daily time series of ETMETRIC from the 2016 study period agreed well with ETEC, indicated by moderate correlation (R2 = 0.63) and low RMSE (0.75 mm day-1). Results from the 2017 study period were unfavorable (R2 = 0.33, RMSE of 1.13 mm day-1). Less than optimal Landsat coverage over the study area contributed to deviations from observations. Cumulative ETMETRIC was 1.5% and 2.9% greater than ETEC for the 2016 and 2017 study periods, respectively. METRIC analysis was able to detect differences in cumulative ETa℗Ơ of corn and soybean under the CPI system and SDI system. Results indicate that METRIC is a useful tool to create spatial estimates of ETa in an agriculturally intensive area of the mid-Atlantic region.
Book Synopsis Development and Application of an Automated Calibration Algorithm for Estimating Evapotranspiration from Agriculture Using a Remotely Sensed Surface Energy Balance Model by : Charles Gilbert Morton
Download or read book Development and Application of an Automated Calibration Algorithm for Estimating Evapotranspiration from Agriculture Using a Remotely Sensed Surface Energy Balance Model written by Charles Gilbert Morton and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to develop an automated calibration algorithm for the Mapping Evapotranspiration with Internalized Calibration at High Resolution (METRIC) remotely sensed surface energy balance model. The automated calibration algorithm was used to characterize the uncertainty of calibration of the METRIC model and to explore the potential of using METRIC for operational evapotranspiration (ET) estimates. METRIC is being used by the Nevada Division of Water Resources and the Desert Research Institute to estimate historical consumptive water use (CWU) from agriculture in western Nevada using Landsat imagery. Each METRIC ET estimate must be calibrated by a trained user in a time consuming process. The automated calibration algorithm was designed to generate ET estimates comparable to those from trained users by mimicking the user calibration process. The automated calibration would allow for METRIC ET estimates with minimal user intervention and allow for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the model and rapid generation of operational ET estimates. For the historical CWU project, ET estimates have been made for different image footprints and dates by multiple users. In order to assess the uncertainty of calibration by multiple users, the automated calibration algorithm was used to generate 100 ET estimates for Landsat TM images from 2006. ET estimates were also generated using an automated pixel selection algorithm developed by the University of Idaho. The automated ET estimates were compared to user METRIC ET estimates of the same image dates made by five trained users. The variation in ET estimates generated by the automated calibration algorithm was found to be similar to the natural variation between user ET estimates. The calibration uncertainty was the highest for fields with low ET levels and lowest for fields with high ET levels. The seasonal calibration 95% confidence interval was found to be approximately 5% for the automated calibration algorithm. In order to assess the accuracy of the automated algorithms, 100 ET estimates were generated for Landsat TM images from 2003-2004 and 2005-2006. Automated daily and seasonal ET estimates compared well with measured ET data at multiple sites, which indicates that automated methods could be used for generating operational ET estimates that are similar to time-intensive manual efforts.
Book Synopsis Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Soil Water Balance, Weather and Crop Data by : Ketema Tilahun Zeleke
Download or read book Evapotranspiration Estimation Using Soil Water Balance, Weather and Crop Data written by Ketema Tilahun Zeleke and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Applications in Agriculture and Environment by : Ram Avtar
Download or read book Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Applications in Agriculture and Environment written by Ram Avtar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases how new and emerging technologies like Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are trying to provide solutions to unresolved socio-economic and environmental problems. Unmanned vehicles can be classified into five different types according to their operation. These five types are unmanned ground vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned surface vehicles (operating on the surface of the water), unmanned underwater vehicles, and unmanned spacecraft. Unmanned vehicles can be guided remotely or function as autonomous vehicles. The technology has a wide range of uses including agriculture, industry, transport, communication, surveillance and environment applications. UAVs are widely used in precision agriculture; from monitoring the crops to crop damage assessment. This book explains the different methods in which they are used, providing step-by-step image processing and sample data. It also discusses how smart UAVs will provide unique opportunities for manufacturers to utilise new technological trends to overcome the current challenges of UAV applications. The book will be of great interest to researchers engaged in forest carbon measurement, road patrolling, plantation monitoring, crop yield estimation, crop damage assessment, terrain modelling, fertilizer control, and pest control.
Book Synopsis Estimation of Land Surface Evapotranspiration from Remotely Sensed Data by : Yuyun Bi
Download or read book Estimation of Land Surface Evapotranspiration from Remotely Sensed Data written by Yuyun Bi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in hydrology, meteorology, and agriculture. Accurate estimates of regional ET at different temporal and spatial scales are essential in these disciplines. Remote sensing technology is recognized as the only viable means to map regional- and meso-scale patterns of ET at the earth's surface in a globally consistent and economically feasible manner and surface temperature helps to establish the direct link between surface radiances and the components of surface energy balance. This thesis thus concerns the methodological development permitting to determine the regional land surface ET from the MODIS data onboard the polar satellites Terra and Aqua. The work of this thesis showed the advantage of the Ts-VI triangle method compared to the other methods traditionally employed for the determination of the regional ET and proposed methods to calculate land surface temperature and emissivity from the radiances measured by the satellites. This thesis showed also that it was possible to estimate ET in arid and semi-arid areas only from the satellite data with an acceptable precision. This work opens interesting prospects. In the restitution of regional ET, the exactitude of this restitution depends mainly on the exactitude of the dry and wet edges determination in the Ts-VI triangle and on the performance of the interpolation model involved in the evaluation of the evaporative fraction in the ET estimation model. The performances of the model and the new algorithm developed in this study have to be evaluated in the future in a precise and attentive way.
Book Synopsis Evapotranspiration Estimation in the Sacramento Model by : Ian F. Wood
Download or read book Evapotranspiration Estimation in the Sacramento Model written by Ian F. Wood and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
