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Topical Nail Products And Ungual Drug Delivery
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Book Synopsis Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery by : S Narasimha Murthy
Download or read book Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery written by S Narasimha Murthy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing existing techniques, ongoing research, new approaches, and basic concepts in the treatment of nail diseases, Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery summarizes the current knowledge and represents a jumping-off point for creating novel techniques of drug delivery across the nail.A growing area of pharmaceutical research, the searc
Book Synopsis Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery by : S Narasimha Murthy
Download or read book Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery written by S Narasimha Murthy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing existing techniques, ongoing research, new approaches, and basic concepts in the treatment of nail diseases, Topical Nail Products and Ungual Drug Delivery summarizes the current knowledge and represents a jumping-off point for creating novel techniques of drug delivery across the nail. A growing area of pharmaceutical research, the search for efficient delivery techniques that can cross the nail barrier has yielded several effective strategies, brought together in this book. Topics Include Nail anatomy, physiology, diseases, and treatment Permeability of the nail plate Topical nail formulations Approaches to enhance ungual and trans-ungual drug delivery In vitro and in vivo models to evaluate topical nail formulations Nail sampling techniques Bioengineering of the nail Trans-ungual iontophoresis Pharmacokinetics of drugs in the nail apparatus Onychopharmacokinetics: proposed model insight Photodynamic therapy of nail diseases The nail as a surrogate for investigating drug use
Book Synopsis Optimisation of Topical Drug Delivery to the Human Nail by : Rajeshree Harshadrai Khengar
Download or read book Optimisation of Topical Drug Delivery to the Human Nail written by Rajeshree Harshadrai Khengar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The physical hardness and chemical stability of the human nail is reported to be related to its high disulphide bond content and prevents the effective topical treatment of nail disorders such as onychomycosis. Oral therapy of onychomycosis is associated with a number of side-effects including liver toxicity. A strong clinical demand exists to develop a topical medicine that can effectively penetrate the nail plate in order to treat the growing number of patients with a fungal nail infection. The slow progress in this field is mainly due to the lack of an accepted model that can be used to assess nail permeability parameters. Recently the potential for chemical agents to act as penetration enhancers (PEs) and increase topical nail permeability has been reported. The main aims of this thesis were to identify a suitable method to screen potential chemical nail PEs in vitro, to investigate the effects of topically applied chemical agents as nail PEs on nail permeability and to investigate the influence of redox chemistry on human nail disulphide bonds and nail barrier function. Method: Three different screening methods to identify potential PEs were first assessed. A human nail swelling screen based on water uptake was selected and used to identify the potential nail PE activity of a variety of compounds. Permeability studies of model penetrants were performed in vitro using the ChubTur® diffusion cell to assess the effect of chemical agents identified in the nail swelling screen on barrier function. Potentiometry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to assess the electrochemical nature of potential nail PEs and the influence of the redox environment on the nail barrier. The novel nail PEs identified in this work were finally assessed using the microbiological TurChub® assay with Candida albicans as a marker clinically relevant to onychomycosis.
Book Synopsis 1st Meeting on Topical Drug Delivery to the Nail by :
Download or read book 1st Meeting on Topical Drug Delivery to the Nail written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Iontophoretic Drug Delivery to the Nail by : Julie Dutet
Download or read book Iontophoretic Drug Delivery to the Nail written by Julie Dutet and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic information about nail behaviour, under passive and especially iontophoretic condition, lacks in the literature. Thus, this thesis aims to fill gaps in the nail understanding by studying the potential and feasibility of the application of iontophoresis to human nail. The iontophoretic and passive delivery of Sodium Fluorescein (SF) and Nile Blue Chloride (NBC) were studied, in vitro, in order to determine their pathways as well as their depth and uniformity of penetration into the nail. The permselective properties of the nail were investigated by characterizing the contribution of electroosmosis, using mannitol as a marker, and by studying the flux of two inorganic cations, sodium and lithium, during in vitro experiments. Finally, the feasibility of transungual iontophoresis and the extraction of sodium and chloride ions from the body through the nail plate were performed on a group of human volunteers. Iontophoresis led the fluorescent markers slightly deeper into the nail plate than passive diffusion. The delivery of the bianion and of the cation was not different. Both compounds mainly penetrated the nail via the transcellular pathway. Electroosmosis resulted only in a slight enhancement of the mannitol fluxes compared to passive diffusion and the fluxes presented high variability, especially at pH 7.4 and when the current was applied in the anode-to-cathode direction. The delivery of the two inorganic cations was significantly higher at pH 7.0 than at pH 4.0 and supported that nails hold a negative charge at physiological pH. Ions were easily extractable through the nail plate during in vivo iontophoresis and all volunteers' feedbacks supported iontophoresis as an acceptable technique. This thesis demonstrated the feasibility and potential of in vivo transungual iontophoresis.
Book Synopsis The Preformulation and Formulation Development for the Transungual Delivery of the Antifungal Drug Econazole Nitrate by : Cong Li
Download or read book The Preformulation and Formulation Development for the Transungual Delivery of the Antifungal Drug Econazole Nitrate written by Cong Li and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Onychomycosis is fungal infection of toe nails or fingernails caused by a fungal microbe that invades the nail bed. It is the most common disease of the nails and constitutes about a half of all nail abnormalities and may affect toenails or fingernails, but toenail infections are particularly common. It occurs in about 10 percent of the adult population. The most common symptoms of fungal nail infection are thickening and discoloration of the nail. Treatment of onychomycosis is challenging because the infection is embedded in the nail making it difficult for the drug to diffuse to the site of infection. Onychomycosis is an opportunistic infection in people with compromised immune function and in those with diabetes, psoriasis, HIV/AIDS etc. Onychomycosis affects patients' physical and psychological health and has a negative impact on overall quality of life. Oral administration of antifungal agents has been the mainstay in treatment of onychomycosis such as griseofulvin, terbinafine and itraconazole, but has limitations of systemic adverse events and drug interactions, whereas several drugs have been approved for topical administration but their efficacy is limited by the low permeability of the nail plate. This study evaluated the preformulation transungual permeability of econazole nitrate and formulation development of a transungual topical patch utilizing penetration enhancers in combination with econazole nitrate to optimize the delivery and penetration through the nail. The objectives of this project were to: 1) determine the critical factors for the in vitro transungual delivery of econazole nitrate, 2) design and develop a transungual formulation containing econazole nitrate and selection of the penetration enhancers, and 3) characterize the physical characteristics and functional properties of a novel transungual formulation. There were ten penetration enhancers being screened in this project according to the enhancement for saturation solubility, in vitro nail penetration and in vitro skin permeation and penetration of the antifungal drug econazole nitrate. Unlike transdermal drug delivery, the selection requirements for skin penetration enhancer were to increase drug accumulation in the epidermis and decrease the amount in the dermis to avoid unnecessary systermic absorption (Palliyil, et al. 2013). Thiourea (TU) improved the solubility and nail penetration of econazole nitrate. It also produced enhancement in the transungual diffusion of the drug. It was selected as the nail permeation enhancer and skin penetration enhancer for econazole nitrate. In the pH study, pH 5 ammonium phosphate buffer was the most effective pH for both enhancing the amount of drug in the nail and decreasing keratin binding. This resulted in increased accumulated of free drug in the target nail. In the formulation screening study, pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA), polyisobutylene, polysiloxane and polyacrylate classes of adhesives, were screened to develop a monolithic drug-in-adhesive type nail patch. Increasing the concentration of TU from 1% to 2.5% resulted in drug crystallization in the dry patch, therefore the concentration of 1% (w/w) TU was selected for all further screening. The concentration of econazole nitrate, propylene glycol and triethyl citrate were screened at 2.5%, 10% and 10% accordingly to ensure high drug release rate with no drug crystallization. The in vitro drug release rate of EN from the patch was improved with propylene glycol and hydrophobic plasticizer triethyl citrate. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to the patch formulation to lower the pH of the patch. This resulted in a greater concentration of ionized EN. The nail permeation and penetration of EN were studied in vitro using human cadaver toenails mounted in Franz diffusion cells. Thiourea, when formulated in the novel nail patch, was shown to deliver higher amount of EN into target tissues with a shorter permeation lag time compared to formulations which did not utilize thiourea.
Book Synopsis Onychomycosis by : Dimitris Rigopoulos
Download or read book Onychomycosis written by Dimitris Rigopoulos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to one of the world’s most prevalent dermatologic conditions Onychomycosis is a fungal nail disease that accounts for 40% of all nail disorders, affecting 1 out of 10 people at some stage in their lives. Compiled by leading dermatologists with expert knowledge of the condition, Onychomycosis: Diagnosis and Effective Management provides a clear and clinically focused reference tool for those looking to treat patients expediently and successfully. This in-depth guide covers all aspects of disease management, from differential diagnosis and lab analysis to topical and systemic treatments. Designed to be a functional and accessible resource, the text also highlights key learning points, with real-life case studies and helpful take-home messages included in each chapter. Coverage of recent innovations and cutting-edge methods ensure the content is relevant to today’s dermatologists, while thorough explanations of routine techniques, prognostic factors, and epidemiology make this is an excellent handbook for anyone studying the disease for the first time. The book features: A complete guide to the diagnosis and treatment of this common disorder Key learning points, case studies, and take-home messages to aid quick and easy consultation Insights from world-renowned dermatological experts from North America and Europe Over 70 illustrations Onychomycosis is a reliable, easy-to-use companion for trainees and experienced specialists alike, and an invaluable asset to any clinic treating nail conditions.
Book Synopsis Focal Controlled Drug Delivery by : Abraham J. Domb
Download or read book Focal Controlled Drug Delivery written by Abraham J. Domb and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-17 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of focal controlled drug delivery has been applied for treating illnesses that are localized to a certain tissue or organ. These delivery systems are applied directly to the diseased site and deliver a desired dose for an extended time period while minimizing systemic distribution of toxic drug. Controlled drug delivery systems have been focused on oral extended release formulations and on systemic delivery of small drugs and peptides. Despite the upsurge of interest in focal targeted drug delivery, there is currently no single reference text on the subject. By comparison, there are numerous authored and edited books on oral, systemic and transdermal drug delivery or books on biodegradable polymers as drug carriers. Thus, the aim of Focal Drug Delivery is to bring together leading experts and researchers in the field to provide an authoritative account of the essential pharmaceutical, technological, physiological and biological sciences underpinning the topic. In addition, the book will review advances in treatment options for diseases localized at a certain tissue or organ.
Book Synopsis Percutaneous Absorption by : Robert L. Bronaugh
Download or read book Percutaneous Absorption written by Robert L. Bronaugh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-05-28 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since publication of the Second Edition in 1989, numerous innovations have occurred that affect the way scientists look at issues in the field of percutaneous absorption. Focusing on recent advances as well as updating and expanding the scope of topics covered in the previous edition, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition provides thorough coverage of the skin's role as an important portal of entry for chemicals into the body. Assembles the work of nearly 80 experts-30 more than the Second Edition-into a unified, comprehensive volume that contains the latest ideas and research! Complete with nearly 600 drawings, photographs, equations, and tables and more than 1600 bibliographic citations of pertinent literature, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition details the applied biology of percutaneous penetration factors that affect skin permeation, such as age, vehicles, metabolism, hydration of skin, and chemical structure in vivo and in vitro techniques for measuring absorption, examining factors influencing methodology such as animal models, volatility of test compound, multiple dosage, and artificial membranes procedures for use in transdermal delivery, exploring topics such as effects of penetration enhancers on absorption, optimizing absorption, and the topical delivery of drugs to muscle tissue And presents new chapters on mathematical models cutaneous metabolism prediction of percutaneous absorption in vitro absorption methodology dermal decontamination concentration of chemicals in skin transdermal drug delivery mechanisms of absorption safety evaluation of cosmetics absorption of drugs and cosmetic ingredients nail penetration Emphasizes human applications-particularly useful for pharmacists, pharmacologists, dermatologists, cosmetic scientists, biochemists, toxicologists, public health officials, manufacturers of cosmetic and toiletry products, and graduate students in these disciplines! An invaluable reference source for readers who need to keep up with the latest developments in the field, Percutaneous Absorption, Third Edition is also an excellent experimental guide for laboratory personnel.
Book Synopsis Baran and Dawber's Diseases of the Nails and their Management by : Robert Baran
Download or read book Baran and Dawber's Diseases of the Nails and their Management written by Robert Baran and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition brings together five leading authorities in nail surgery in this well established and definitive textbook. The entire text is extended in this edition, and particular emphasis is placed on the advances in treatments that have taken place in recent years. Considerable strides have been made in the treatment of fungal diseases (onychomycoses) with the appearance of new therapeutic agents. There is also much greater coverage of nail surgery to reflect the increasing involvement of the dermatologist in this field. The section on nail tumours has also been expanded. Drs Baran and Dawber have been joined by David de Berker, Eckhart Haneke and Antonella Tosti on the editorial team. This move is representative of the major European contribution to the field of nail surgery in recent years. Significant contribution has come from Dr Elvin Zook, the eminent American hand surgeon, who has helped to ensure that the book is as relevant in North America as it is in Europe.
Book Synopsis Hydroxy-Pyridones as Antifungal Agents with Special Emphasis on Onychomycosis by : Sam Shuster
Download or read book Hydroxy-Pyridones as Antifungal Agents with Special Emphasis on Onychomycosis written by Sam Shuster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-03-08 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a series of papers on a special group of antifungal agents - the hydroxypyridones (e.g. Ciclopirox, Rilopirox, and Piroctone) given by international experts at conferences in Vancouver and Sydney. The action of this group of agents is unique. Hydroxypyridones are not only active against all relevant fungi, but they are active against dermato- phytes, yeasts, moulds as well as gram positive and gram negative bacteria. They have an inhibitory effect on the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase path- ways and, in vitro, exhibit fungicidal and even sporicidal activity. Ciclopirox is particularly able to penetrate keratin. These properties facilitate the treatment not only of tinea pedis caused by fungi but also of infections by gram negative bacteria. The special ability of Ciclopirox to penetrate keratin opens the door to an efficacious topical treat- ment for onychomycosis, with a transungual drug delivery system specially adapted to infections of the nail organ. The absence of drug interactions and systemic side effects of this formulation is an appreciable advantage over the newer systemic therapies for onychomycosis. Papers are presented covering the mode of action, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacological properties, penetration potential, clinical efficacy and the various indications for this group of drugs. They will enable the reader to as- sess the advantage and disadvantage of this new therapeutic modality.
Book Synopsis Cosmetic Formulation by : Heather A.E. Benson
Download or read book Cosmetic Formulation written by Heather A.E. Benson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmetics are the most widely applied products to the skin and include creams, lotions, gels and sprays. Their formulation, design and manufacturing ranges from large cosmetic houses to small private companies. This book covers the current science in the formulations of cosmetics applied to the skin. It includes basic formulation, skin science, advanced formulation, and cosmetic product development, including both descriptive and mechanistic content with an emphasis on practical aspects. Key Features: Covers cosmetic products/formulation from theory to practice Includes case studies to illustrate real-life formulation development and problem solving Offers a practical, user-friendly approach, relying on the work of recognized experts in the field Provides insights into the future directions in cosmetic product development Presents basic formulation, skin science, advanced formulation and cosmetic product development
Book Synopsis Optical Drilling of the Human Nail Plate to Facilitate Transungual Drug Delivery by : Simon Vanstone
Download or read book Optical Drilling of the Human Nail Plate to Facilitate Transungual Drug Delivery written by Simon Vanstone and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carrier-Mediated Dermal Delivery by : Andreia Ascenso
Download or read book Carrier-Mediated Dermal Delivery written by Andreia Ascenso and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new approaches for skin aging and photocarcinogenesis and topical formulations based on nanocarrier systems for skin disorders. It discusses cosmeceuticals, laser, photodynamic therapy, and melatonin-based treatments as important strategies for photoaging management. Photodynamic therapy and melatonin can be used in the photocarcinogenesis context, too. Therefore, the inclusion of this strong antioxidant in sunscreen products could be a promising approach. The book discusses topical formulations, including emulsions (conventional formulations and emulsions stabilized by solid particles), nail films, and nanocarriers used for the delivery of actives in various skin and nail diseases such as acne, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, fungal diseases, leishmaniasis, and skin cancer. Finally, several nanocarriers are introduced, such as lipid vesicles (ranging from the first-generation conventional liposomes to the more recent deformable vesicles), liquid crystalline nanodispersions, gelatin, and solid lipid nanoparticles. Their composition, formulation, characterization, and topical applications are also discussed. Although this is a broad topic, the most important (nano)pharmaceutical formulations are presented in the book.
Book Synopsis Textbook of Cosmetic Dermatology by : Robert Baran
Download or read book Textbook of Cosmetic Dermatology written by Robert Baran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-10-31 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text documents the science that lies behind the expanding field of cosmetic dermatology so that clinicians can practice with confidence and researchers can be fully aware of the clinical implications of their work. New chapters have been added to this edition on skin bioengineering, skin imaging, sunscreens, gel nail polish, management of hair loss, cosmetics and moisturizers in acne management, cryolipolysis, and radiofrequency for minimally invasive body contouring, amongst others, and chapters have been updated throughout to keep this at the forefront of work and practice. The Series in Cosmetic and Laser Therapy is published in association with the Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy.
Book Synopsis The Nail in Health and Disease by : N. Zaias
Download or read book The Nail in Health and Disease written by N. Zaias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary intent of this book is to familiarize the medical practitioner with the "nail unit" in a way which will render, correctly and more easily, the diagnosis of nail diseases. At the same time, it serves to encourage the treatment and corrective measures of the ab normalities, if possible, based on anatomical and physiological knowledge. The chapters on anatomy, regeneration, and nail formation are basic to the author's in tent. The content ofthe references quoted represents information which is proven and not controversial material. In addition, my own material not previously published is included. I would like to introduce the anatomical concept that the nail unit consists of four dif ferent epithelial structures, each with its own characteristics, yet all interrelated. These four constituents are the Proximal Nail Fold (PNF), the Matrix (M), the Nail Bed (NB) and the Hyponychium (HYP). A disease may occur in any number of or all nail unit structures. A clear understanding of the anatomy, histology, and tissue kinetics of each constituent will be necessary and is the key factor in interpreting the abnormal findings of each of these constituents as disease occurs. It follows, therefore, that treatment and Cor rective measures should include the knowledge of not only the nail but also of its relation ship to the bony phalanx and the digit.
Book Synopsis A Preformulation Development Study for the Transungual Delivery of the Antifungal Drug Econazole Nitrate by : Cong Li
Download or read book A Preformulation Development Study for the Transungual Delivery of the Antifungal Drug Econazole Nitrate written by Cong Li and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
