To What Extent Do You Agree That The Gesta Francorum Is A Simple Soldiers Straightforward Account Of The First Crusade

Download To What Extent Do You Agree That The Gesta Francorum Is A Simple Soldiers Straightforward Account Of The First Crusade full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online To What Extent Do You Agree That The Gesta Francorum Is A Simple Soldiers Straightforward Account Of The First Crusade ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

To what extent do you agree that the Gesta Francorum is a simple soldier's straightforward account of the First Crusade

Author : Michael Gärtner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638194949
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (381 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis To what extent do you agree that the Gesta Francorum is a simple soldier's straightforward account of the First Crusade by : Michael Gärtner

Download or read book To what extent do you agree that the Gesta Francorum is a simple soldier's straightforward account of the First Crusade written by Michael Gärtner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2003-06-05 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2003 in the subject History of Europe - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, grade: 54 %, University of Wales, Aberystwyth (Department of History), course: HIH 3124, language: English, abstract: In the eleventh century the Christian lands of Western Europe were in trouble. Afflicted by the repeated invasions from North and South and East, by the collapse of internal order, by brutal oppression of the weak, by the laxity and ignorance of the clergy, and by the unrestrained tyranny of feudal war lords, life in the West was – in the words of Thomas Hobbs - “nasty, brutish, and short”1. The problems were compounded, when nomadic soldiers – recently converted to Islam – occupied Jerusalem and the Holy Land, thus causing the pilgrimage to them far more hazardous. But all the prayers, the sermons the condemnations and the appeals had amounted too little until in November 1095, Pope Urban II preached in Clermont. For his largely ignorant and unreflective audience, the Pope threw a harsh light of criticism on the fallings of Western society. But he pointed out, that the liberation of Jerusalem2 and the Holy Land from the “infidels” was a redemptive task worthy of men, who could call themselves milites Christi3, the liberation of the Eastern Church, alone was “unpopular in the West”4. At a stroke, Pope Urban intended to divert the reckless and violent men of the West into the path of righteousness. At the end of the tenth century the Church attempted to set a formal limit of customary violence.5 They could now practise warfare in a holy course. [...] 1 http://www.kaiku.com/cloisters.html (24.02.2003) 2 H. E. Mayer, The Crusades, translation by J Gillingham, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972), 41-48 and Jonathan and Louise Riley-Smith, The Crusades: Idea and Reality 1095-1274, (London: Edward Arnold, 1981), 43-44. 3 K. B. Wolf, ‘Crusade and narrative: Bohemond and the Gesta Francorum’, Journal of Medieval History Vol. XVII, David Abulafia et al (eds.) (Amsterdam: 1991), 209. 4 Erdmann, The Origin of the Idea of Crusade, 330. 5 Under the terms of Pax Dei the Bishops tried to place certain classes of people and property beyond the reach of warring factions. At the same time, the Truga Dei took a lead from an earlier decree by Carolus Magnus and limited the time available for fighting.

The Crusades [4 volumes]

Author : Alan V. Murray
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1576078639
Total Pages : 1550 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (76 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Crusades [4 volumes] by : Alan V. Murray

Download or read book The Crusades [4 volumes] written by Alan V. Murray and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2006-08-30 with total page 1550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first multivolume encyclopedia to document the history of one of the most influential religious movements of the Middle Ages—the Crusades. The Crusades: An Encyclopedia surveys all aspects of the crusading movement from its origins in the 11th century to its decline in the 16th century. Unlike other works, which focus on the eastern Mediterranean region, this expansive four-volume encyclopedia also includes the struggle of Christendom against its enemies in Iberia, Eastern Europe, and the Baltic region, and also covers the military orders, crusades against fellow Christians, heretics, and more. This work includes comprehensive entries on personalities such as Godfrey of Bouillon, who refused the title "King of Jerusalem," and St. Bernard of Clairvaux, who tore up his own clothing to make symbols of the cross for crusaders, as well as key events, countries, places, and themes that shed light on everything from the propaganda that inspired crusading warriors to the ways in which they fought. Special coverage of topics such as taxation, pilgrimage, warfare, chivalry, and religious orders give readers an appreciation of the multifaceted nature of these "holy wars."

Prayer and Thought in Monastic Tradition

Author : Santha Bhattacharji
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 056706025X
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (67 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Prayer and Thought in Monastic Tradition by : Santha Bhattacharji

Download or read book Prayer and Thought in Monastic Tradition written by Santha Bhattacharji and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prayer and Thought in Monastic Tradition presents a chronological picture of the development of monastic thought and prayer from the early English Church (Bede, Adomnan) through to the 17th Century and William Law's religious community at King's Cliffe. Essays interact with different facets of monastic life, assessing the development and contribution of figures such as Boniface, the Venerable Bede, Anselm of Canterbury and Bernard of Clairvaux. The varying modes and outputs of the monastic life of prayer are considered, with focus on the use of different literary techniques in the creation of monastic documents, the interaction between monks and the laity, the creation of prayers and the purpose and structure of prayer in different contexts. The volume also discusses the nature of translation of classic monastic works, and the difficulties the translator faces. The highly distinguished contributors include; G.R. Evans, Sarah Foot, Henry Mayr-Harting, Brian McGuire, Henry Wansbrough and Rowan Williams.

Encountering Islam on the First Crusade

Author : Nicholas Morton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316721027
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Encountering Islam on the First Crusade by : Nicholas Morton

Download or read book Encountering Islam on the First Crusade written by Nicholas Morton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First Crusade (1095–9) has often been characterised as a head-to-head confrontation between the forces of Christianity and Islam. For many, it is the campaign that created a lasting rupture between these two faiths. Nevertheless, is such a characterisation borne out by the sources? Engagingly written and supported by a wealth of evidence, Encountering Islam on the First Crusade offers a major reinterpretation of the crusaders' attitudes towards the Arabic and Turkic peoples they encountered on their journey to Jerusalem. Nicholas Morton considers how they interpreted the new peoples, civilizations and landscapes they encountered; sights for which their former lives in Western Christendom had provided little preparation. Morton offers a varied picture of cross cultural relations, depicting the Near East as an arena in which multiple protagonists were pitted against each other. Some were fighting for supremacy, others for their religion, and many simply for survival.

Knighthoods of Christ

Author : Norman Housley
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 9780754655275
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (552 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Knighthoods of Christ by : Norman Housley

Download or read book Knighthoods of Christ written by Norman Housley and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Central Middle Ages Catholics had the opportunity to take part in Holy War in the Latin East in two different but related ways, by taking the Cross and by entering the Order of the Temple. This collection of essays by distinguished historians of the Crusades and the Order of the Temple covers the whole span of their historical evolution and offers numerous insights into the ideologies, practicalities and ramifications of Christian Holy War in the Middle Ages.

The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages

Author : Geraldine Heng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1108422780
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages by : Geraldine Heng

Download or read book The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages written by Geraldine Heng and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book challenges the common belief that race and racisms are phenomena that began only in the modern era.

Medieval History Writing and Crusading Ideology

Author : Tuomas M. S. Lehtonen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Medieval History Writing and Crusading Ideology by : Tuomas M. S. Lehtonen

Download or read book Medieval History Writing and Crusading Ideology written by Tuomas M. S. Lehtonen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the crusading ideology was formulated in medieval historiography and how the crusading movement affected Christianity and the world beyond. The second main theme is the spread of the crusading movement to Northern Europe, especially Scandinavia and the Baltic Sea area. Northerners not only participated in the crusades in the Holy Land, but also learned and were inspired to create and take part in a new crusading movement within the Baltic Sea region itself. The relationship between the crusades to Jerusalem and those in the North must be of fundamental importance to understanding the dynamics that created history, both locally and in a general European context, but this relation itself has seldom been the object of thoroughgoing research; on the contrary, the considerable scholarship on both the North and the South has been pursued in isolation. Divided into three parts, this volume opens with the different forms of and reactions to the crusading ideology. The importance of ideology as a driving motivation for the crusaders has again been recognised in international studies since the 1970s, and its impact is also now felt in Scandinavian research environments. The second part moves on to examine the crusading ideology and its impact upon society in a broader context through its relation to violence, its portrayal of the enemies, and its representations in the policy and construction of the Danish crown and royal mythology. The Northern Crusades in the Baltic Sea region are discussed in the third part as seen through contemporary sources and modern historical writing. This also includes dealing with some of the impacts of the Crusades in Russia and even farther east in Mongolia. The essays in this section show how the general idea of crusading was applied to the Northern areas and frequently resembles in its details the Mediterranean crusades, as well as demonstrate how Scandinavian scholars have often neglected this aspect in modern history writing.

In Their Own Words

Author : Jeanette Beer
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442668482
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis In Their Own Words by : Jeanette Beer

Download or read book In Their Own Words written by Jeanette Beer and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Their Own Words examines early medieval history-writing through quotation practices in five works, each in some way the first of its kind. Nithard’s Historiae de dissensionibus filiorum Ludovici Pii is extraordinary for its quotation of vernacular oaths, the first recorded piece of French. The Gesta Francorum is the first eye-witness account of the First Crusade. Geoffrey of Villehardouin’s La Conquête de Constantinople, written by a leader and negotiator of the Fourth Crusade, and Robert de Clari’s La Conquête de Constantinople, written by a common soldier in the same crusade, are the first extant French prose histories. Li Fet des Romains, a translation and compilation of all the classical texts about Julius Caesar (including Caesar’s own Gallic Wars) that were known in the thirteenth century, is the first work of ancient historiography and the first biography to appear in French. Jeanette Beer’s work bridges the divide between the study of vernacular and Latin writing, providing new evidence that the linguistic cultures were not isolated from each other. Her examination of quotation practices in early medieval histories illuminates the relationship between classical and contemporary influences in the formative period of history-writing in the West.

Crusading in Art, Thought and Will

Author : Matthew E. Parker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789004376595
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (765 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Crusading in Art, Thought and Will by : Matthew E. Parker

Download or read book Crusading in Art, Thought and Will written by Matthew E. Parker and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume captures the diversity of approaches in crusade scholarship, which often cross cultures and academic disciplines. Essays by the contributors study the role of art and architecture, liturgy, legal practice, literature, and politics in the institution of crusade.

The Social Structure of the First Crusade

Author : Conor Kostick
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047445023
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Social Structure of the First Crusade by : Conor Kostick

Download or read book The Social Structure of the First Crusade written by Conor Kostick and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008-05-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First Crusade (1096 – 1099) was an extraordinary undertaking. Because the repercussions of that expedition have rippled on down the centuries, there has been an enormous literature on the subject. Yet, unlike so many other areas of medieval history, until now the First Crusade has failed to attract the attention of historians interested in social dynamics. This book is the first to examine the sociology of the sources in order to provide a detailed analysis of the various social classes which participated in the expedition and the tensions between them. In doing so, it offers a fresh approach to the many debates surrounding the subject of the First Crusade.

Ancient Religions, Modern Politics

Author : Michael A. Cook
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691173346
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Ancient Religions, Modern Politics by : Michael A. Cook

Download or read book Ancient Religions, Modern Politics written by Michael A. Cook and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why Islam is more political and fundamentalist than other religions Why does Islam play a larger role in contemporary politics than other religions? Is there something about the Islamic heritage that makes Muslims more likely than adherents of other faiths to invoke it in their political life? If so, what is it? Ancient Religions, Modern Politics seeks to answer these questions by examining the roles of Islam, Hinduism, and Christianity in modern political life, placing special emphasis on the relevance—or irrelevance—of their heritages to today's social and political concerns. Michael Cook takes an in-depth, comparative look at political identity, social values, attitudes to warfare, views about the role of religion in various cultural domains, and conceptions of the polity. In all these fields he finds that the Islamic heritage offers richer resources for those engaged in current politics than either the Hindu or the Christian heritages. He uses this finding to explain the fact that, despite the existence of Hindu and Christian counterparts to some aspects of Islamism, the phenomenon as a whole is unique in the world today. The book also shows that fundamentalism—in the sense of a determination to return to the original sources of the religion—is politically more adaptive for Muslims than it is for Hindus or Christians. A sweeping comparative analysis by one of the world's leading scholars of premodern Islam, Ancient Religions, Modern Politics sheds important light on the relationship between the foundational texts of these three great religious traditions and the politics of their followers today.

The Cambridge Companion to the Literature of the Crusades

Author : Anthony Bale
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108474519
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to the Literature of the Crusades by : Anthony Bale

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to the Literature of the Crusades written by Anthony Bale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a literary and cultural history of the idea of crusading over the last millennium.

Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States

Author : Bernard Hamilton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108915922
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States by : Bernard Hamilton

Download or read book Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States written by Bernard Hamilton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monasticism was the dominant form of religious life both in the medieval West and in the Byzantine world. Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States explores the parallel histories of monasticism in western and Byzantine traditions in the Near East in the period c.1050-1300. Bernard Hamilton and Andrew Jotischky follow the parallel histories of new Latin foundations alongside the survival and revival of Greek Orthodox monastic life under Crusader rule. Examining the involvement of monasteries in the newly founded Crusader States, the institutional organization of monasteries, the role of monastic life in shaping expressions of piety, and the literary and cultural products of monasteries, this meticulously researched survey will facilitate a new understanding of indigenous religious institutions and culture in the Crusader states.

The Experience of Crusading

Author : Marcus Graham Bull
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521781510
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (815 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Experience of Crusading by : Marcus Graham Bull

Download or read book The Experience of Crusading written by Marcus Graham Bull and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-06-23 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays focusing on the history and politics of the Latin East.

Life of St. Francis of Assisi

Author : Paul Sabatier
Publisher : Binker North
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Life of St. Francis of Assisi by : Paul Sabatier

Download or read book Life of St. Francis of Assisi written by Paul Sabatier and published by Binker North. This book was released on 1894 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Francis of Assisi is pre-eminently the saint of the Middle Ages. Owing nothing to church or school he was truly theodidact, and if he perhaps did not perceive the revolutionary bearing of his preaching, he at least always refused to be ordained priest. He divined the superiority of the spiritual priesthood. Saint Francis of Assisi (Italian: San Francesco d'Assisi), born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, informally named as Francesco (1181/1182 - 3 October 1226), was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher. He founded the men's Order of Friars Minor, the women's Order of Saint Clare, the Third Order of Saint Francis and the Custody of the Holy Land. Francis is one of the most venerated religious figures in history. Pope Gregory IX canonized Francis on 16 July 1228. Along with Saint Catherine of Siena, he was designated Patron saint of Italy. He later became associated with patronage of animals and the natural environment, and it became customary for Catholic and Anglican churches to hold ceremonies blessing animals on his feast day of 4 October. He is often remembered as the patron saint of animals. In 1219, he went to Egypt in an attempt to convert the Sultan to put an end to the conflict of the Crusades.[6] By this point, the Franciscan Order had grown to such an extent that its primitive organizational structure was no longer sufficient. He returned to Italy to organize the Order. Once his community was authorized by the Pope, he withdrew increasingly from external affairs. Francis is also known for his love of the Eucharist.[7] In 1223, Francis arranged for the first Christmas live nativity scene.[8][9][2] According to Christian tradition, in 1224 he received the stigmata during the apparition of Seraphic angels in a religious ecstasy [10] making him the first recorded person in Christian history to bear the wounds of Christ's Passion.[11] He died during the evening hours of 3 October 1226, while listening to a reading he had requested of Psalm 142.

Chronicles of the First Crusade

Author : Christopher Tyerman
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 0141970871
Total Pages : 760 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (419 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Chronicles of the First Crusade by : Christopher Tyerman

Download or read book Chronicles of the First Crusade written by Christopher Tyerman and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2011-11-03 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the First Crusade, as witnessed by contemporary writers 'O day so ardently desired! O time of times the most memorable! O deed before all other deeds!' The fall of Jerusalem in the summer of 1099 to an exhausted and starving army of western European soldiers was one of the most extraordinary events of the Middle Ages. It was both the climax of a great wave of visionary Christian fervour and the beginning of what proved to be a futile and abortive attempt to implant a new European kingdom of heaven in an overwhelmingly Muslim world. This remarkable collection brings together a wide variety of contemporary accounts of the First Crusade, including Pope Urban II's initial call to arms of 1095, as well as the first-hand writings of priests, knights, a Jewish pilgrim, a destitute noblewoman, an Iraqi poet and the historian Anna Comnena. Together they provide a vivid and nuanced picture of the First Crusade and the people who were swept up in it. Edited with an introduction and notes by Christopher Tyerman

Empire of Magic

Author : Geraldine Heng
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231125260
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (252 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Empire of Magic by : Geraldine Heng

Download or read book Empire of Magic written by Geraldine Heng and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empire of Magic offers a genesis and genealogy for medieval romance and the King Arthur legend through the history of Europe's encounters with the East in crusades, travel, missionizing, and empire formation. It also produces definitions of "race" and "nation" for the medieval period and posits that the Middle Ages and medieval fantasies of race and religion have recently returned. Drawing on feminist and gender theory, as well as cultural analyses of race, class, and colonialism, this provocative book revises our understanding of the beginnings of the nine hundred-year-old cultural genre we call romance, as well as the King Arthur legend. Geraldine Heng argues that romance arose in the twelfth century as a cultural response to the trauma and horror of taboo acts--in particular the cannibalism committed by crusaders on the bodies of Muslim enemies in Syria during the First Crusade. From such encounters with the East, Heng suggests, sprang the fantastical episodes featuring King Arthur in Geoffrey of Monmouth's chronicle The History of the Kings of England, a work where history and fantasy collide and merge, each into the other, inventing crucial new examples and models for romances to come. After locating the rise of romance and Arthurian legend in the contact zones of East and West, Heng demonstrates the adaptability of romance and its key role in the genesis of an English national identity. Discussing Jews, women, children, and sexuality in works like the romance of Richard Lionheart, stories of the saintly Constance, Arthurian chivralic literature, the legend of Prester John, and travel narratives, Heng shows how fantasy enabled audiences to work through issues of communal identity, race, color, class and alternative sexualities in socially sanctioned and safe modes of cultural discussion in which pleasure, not anxiety, was paramount. Romance also engaged with the threat of modernity in the late medieval period, as economic, social, and technological transformations occurred and awareness grew of a vastly enlarged world beyond Europe, one encompassing India, China, and Africa. Finally, Heng posits, romance locates England and Europe within an empire of magic and knowledge that surveys the world and makes it intelligible--usable--for the future. Empire of Magic is expansive in scope, spanning the eleventh to the fifteenth centuries, and detailed in coverage, examining various types of romance--historical, national, popular, chivalric, family, and travel romances, among others--to see how cultural fantasy responds to changing crises, pressures, and demands in a number of different ways. Boldly controversial, theoretically sophisticated, and historically rooted, Empire of Magic is a dramatic restaging of the role romance played in the culture of a period and world in ways that suggest how cultural fantasy still functions for us today.