Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Thermo Mechanical Degradation And Mitigation By Molten Volcanic Ash Wetting On Thermal Barrier Coatings Of Jet Engine Turbine Blades
Download Thermo Mechanical Degradation And Mitigation By Molten Volcanic Ash Wetting On Thermal Barrier Coatings Of Jet Engine Turbine Blades full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Thermo Mechanical Degradation And Mitigation By Molten Volcanic Ash Wetting On Thermal Barrier Coatings Of Jet Engine Turbine Blades ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Thermo-mechanical Degradation and Mitigation by Molten Volcanic Ash Wetting on Thermal Barrier Coatings of Jet Engine Turbine Blades by : Siddharth Lokachari
Download or read book Thermo-mechanical Degradation and Mitigation by Molten Volcanic Ash Wetting on Thermal Barrier Coatings of Jet Engine Turbine Blades written by Siddharth Lokachari and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Degradation of Thermal Barrier Coatings from Deposits and Its Mitigation by :
Download or read book Degradation of Thermal Barrier Coatings from Deposits and Its Mitigation written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) used in gas-turbine engines afford higher operating temperatures, resulting in enhanced efficiencies and performance. However, in the case of syngas-fired engines, fly ash particulate impurities that may be present in syngas can melt on the hotter TBC surfaces and form glassy deposits. These deposits can penetrate the TBCs leading to their failure. In experiments using lignite fly ash to simulate these conditions we show that conventional TBCs of composition 93wt% ZrO2 + 7wt% Y2O3 (7YSZ) fabricated using the air plasma spray (APS) process are completely destroyed by the molten fly ash. The molten fly ash is found to penetrate the full thickness of the TBC. The mechanisms by which this occurs appear to be similar to those observed in degradation of 7YSZ TBCs by molten calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) sand and by molten volcanic ash in aircraft engines. In contrast, APS TBCs of Gd{sub 2Zr2O-- composition are highly resistant to attack by molten lignite fly ash under identical conditions, where the molten ash penetrates ~25% of TBC thickness. This damage mitigation appears to be due to the formation of an impervious, stable crystalline layer at the fly ash/Gd2Zr2O-- TBC interface arresting the penetrating moltenfly- ash front. Additionally, these TBCs were tested using a rig with thermal gradient and simultaneous accumulation of ash. Modeling using an established mechanics model has been performed to illustrate the modes of delamination, as well as further opportunities to optimize coating microstructure. Transfer of the technology was developed in this program to all interested parties.
Book Synopsis Loadings in Thermal Barrier Coatings of Jet Engine Turbine Blades by : Tomasz Sadowski
Download or read book Loadings in Thermal Barrier Coatings of Jet Engine Turbine Blades written by Tomasz Sadowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses complex loadings of turbine blades and protective layer Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC), under real working airplane jet conditions. They obey both multi-axial mechanical loading and sudden temperature variation during starting and landing of the airplanes. In particular, two types of blades are analyzed: stationary and rotating, which are widely applied in turbine engines produced by airplane factories.
Book Synopsis Protective Coatings for Turbine Blades by : Y. Tamarin
Download or read book Protective Coatings for Turbine Blades written by Y. Tamarin and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the problem of surface protection for aircraft engine turbine blades. It is based on the author's 30+ years of work on the development and application of coatings to protect against oxidation and hot corrosion. It describes and details a methodology for optimizing turbine blade surface protection. The distinctions of this book from other publications on this topic include: The performance of protective coatings is assessed and evaluated by the complex interconnections of their chemical and phase composition, structure, and physical-mechanical properties; The properties of overlay coatings are given for the wide range of compositions, including the possible coatings states after their production and long-term service; The principles for calculating the stresses and strains for coated turbine blades are reviewed.
Book Synopsis Thermal Barrier Coatings for Aircraft Turbine Blades by : Manuela Martena
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings for Aircraft Turbine Blades written by Manuela Martena and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Environmental Factors Contributing to the Failure of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems by : Matthew David Weeks
Download or read book Design and Environmental Factors Contributing to the Failure of Thermal Barrier Coating Systems written by Matthew David Weeks and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas turbine engines are a staple of 21st century air and sea propulsion systems and are also a critical component in large-scale electricity generation. The hot-section components of these engines are protected by a complex ceramic and metal multi-layer coating called a thermal barrier coating (TBC) system. The failure of TBC systems occurs as a result of both thermo-chemical and thermo-mechanical degradation. This research involves exploring both of these mechanisms for two distinctly different issues. The United States Navy is currently making a push to implement the use of alternative fuels by 2012, but the use of these fuels (syngas, high hydrogen content, and alternatives to JP-8) presents significant materials durability challenges. Initial data suggests that high water vapor levels, high sulfur concentrations, and ash deposits from fuel impurities lead to unique, and severe, degradation modes. This research is aimed at addressing the effects of differing combustion environment characteristics on the corrosion and oxidation of TBC systems. On the industrial front, there is a constant driver to better understand and predict coating failure, particularly in air-plasma sprayed (APS) TBC systems. The morphology of the metal-ceramic interface is known to play a key role in the generation of compressive and tensile stresses that eventually cause coating failure in typical engine environments. Experimental evidence and field experience have shown that a tortuous interface is generally beneficial to coating lifetime. Nevertheless, for the past 40 years engineers have struggled to find a functional correlation between BC topology and coating system lifetime. This document also addresses the progress that has been made toward the establishment of this functional correlation.
Book Synopsis Thermal Barrier Coatings Chemically and Mechanically Resistant to High Temperature Attack by Molten Ashes by : Andrew Dean Gledhill
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings Chemically and Mechanically Resistant to High Temperature Attack by Molten Ashes written by Andrew Dean Gledhill and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are ceramic coatings used on component in the hottest sections of gas turbine engines, used for power generation and aviation. These coatings insulate the underlying metal components and allow for much higher engine operating temperatures, improving the engine efficiency.
Book Synopsis Durability of zirconia thermal-barrier ceramic coatings on air-cooled turbine blades in cyclic jet engine operation by : Lewis Research Center
Download or read book Durability of zirconia thermal-barrier ceramic coatings on air-cooled turbine blades in cyclic jet engine operation written by Lewis Research Center and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Barrier Coatings by : Kang N. Lee
Download or read book Environmental Barrier Coatings written by Kang N. Lee and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global increase in air travel will require commercial vehicles to be more efficient than ever before. Advanced engine hot section materials are a key technology required to keep fuel consumption and emission to a minimum in next-generation gas turbines. Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are the most promising material to revolutionize gas turbine hot section materials technology because of their excellent high‐temperature properties. Rapid surface recession due to volatilization by water vapor is the Achilles heel of CMCs. Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) is an enabling technology for CMCs, since it protects CMCs from water vapor. The first CMC component entered into service in 2016 in a commercial engine, and more CMC components are scheduled to follow within the next few years. One of the most difficult challenges to CMC components is EBC durability, because failure of EBC leads to a rapid reduction in CMC component life. Key contributors to EBC failure include recession, oxidation, degradation by calcium‐aluminum‐magnesium silicates (CMAS) deposits, thermal and thermo‐mechanical strains, particle erosion, and foreign object damage (FOD). Novel EBC chemistries, creative EBC designs, and robust processes are required to meet EBC durability challenges. Engine-relevant testing, characterization, and lifing methods need to be developed to improve EBC reliability. The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances in EBC technology to address these issues. In particular, topics of interest include but are not limited to the following: • Novel EBC chemistries and designs; • Processing including plasma spray, suspension plasma spray, solution precursor plasma spray, slurry process, PS-PVD, EB-PVD, and CVD; • Testing, characterization, and modeling; • Lifing.
Book Synopsis Structural Health Monitoring Damage Detection Systems for Aerospace by : Markus G. R. Sause
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring Damage Detection Systems for Aerospace written by Markus G. R. Sause and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents established methods of structural health monitoring (SHM) and discusses their technological merit in the current aerospace environment. While the aerospace industry aims for weight reduction to improve fuel efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and to decrease maintenance time and operating costs, aircraft structures are often designed and built heavier than required in order to accommodate unpredictable failure. A way to overcome this approach is the use of SHM systems to detect the presence of defects. This book covers all major contemporary aerospace-relevant SHM methods, from the basics of each method to the various defect types that SHM is required to detect to discussion of signal processing developments alongside considerations of aerospace safety requirements. It will be of interest to professionals in industry and academic researchers alike, as well as engineering students. This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18203 (ODIN - http://odin-cost.com/), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation.
Book Synopsis Thermo-mechanical Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings in Radiation-cooled Liquid-fueled Rocket Engines by : Eyan Lee
Download or read book Thermo-mechanical Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings in Radiation-cooled Liquid-fueled Rocket Engines written by Eyan Lee and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Degradation of Oxidation Resistant and Thermal Barrier Coatings for Fuel-flexible Gas Turbine Applications by : Prabhakar Mohan
Download or read book Environmental Degradation of Oxidation Resistant and Thermal Barrier Coatings for Fuel-flexible Gas Turbine Applications written by Prabhakar Mohan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) has been undoubtedly the most critical advancement in materials technology for modern gas turbine engines. TBCs are widely used in gas turbine engines for both power-generation and propulsion applications. Metallic oxidation-resistant coatings (ORCs) are also widely employed as a stand-alone protective coating or bond coat for TBCs in many high-temperature applications. Among the widely studied durability issues in these high-temperature protective coatings, one critical challenge that received greater attention in recent years is their resistance to high-temperature degradation due to corrosive deposits arising from fuel impurities and CMAS (calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate) sand deposits from air ingestion. The presence of vanadium, sulfur, phosphorus, sodium and calcium impurities in alternative fuels warrants a clear understanding of high-temperature materials degradation for the development of fuel-flexible gas turbine engines. Degradation due to CMAS is a critical problem for gas turbine components operating in a dust-laden environment. In this study, high-temperature degradation due to aggressive deposits such as V2O5, P2O5, Na2SO4, NaVO3, CaSO4 and a laboratory-synthesized CMAS sand for free-standing air plasma sprayed (APS) yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), the topcoat of the TBC system, and APS CoNiCrAlY, the bond coat of the TBC system or a stand-alone ORC, is examined. Phase transformations and microstructural development were examined by using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. This study demonstrated that the V2O5 melt degrades the APS YSZ through the formation of ZrV2O-- and YVO4 at temperatures below 747°C and above 747°C, respectively. Formation of YVO4 leads to the depletion of the Y2O3 stabilizer and the deleterious transformation of the YSZ to the monoclinic ZrO2 phase. The investigation on the YSZ degradation by Na2SO4 and a Na2SO4 + V2O5 mixture (50-50 mol. %) demonstrated that Na2SO4 itself did not degrade the YSZ, however, in the presence of V2O5, Na2SO4 formed vanadates such as NaVO3 that degraded the YSZ through YVO4 formation at temperature as low as 700°C. The APS YSZ was found to react with the P2O5 melt by forming ZrP2O-- at all temperatures. This interaction led to the depletion of ZrO2 in the YSZ (i.e., enrichment of Y2O3 in t'-YSZ) and promoted the formation of the fluorite-cubic ZrO2 phase. Above 1250°C, CMAS deposits were observed to readily infiltrate and significantly dissolve the YSZ coating via thermochemical interactions. Upon cooling, zirconia reprecipitated with a spherical morphology and a composition that depended on the local melt chemistry. The molten CMAS attack destabilized the YSZ through the detrimental phase transformation (t'[right arrow] t[right arrow]f + m). Free standing APS CoNiCrAlY was also prone to degradation by corrosive molten deposits. The V2O5 melt degraded the APS CoNiCrAlY through various reactions involving acidic dissolution of the protective oxide scale, which yielded substitutional-solid solution vanadates such as (Co, Ni)3(VO4)2 and (Cr, Al)VO4. The molten P2O5, on the other hand, was found to consume the bond coat constituents significantly via reactions that formed both Ni/Co rich phosphates and Cr/Al rich phosphates. Sulfate deposits such as Na2SO4, when tested in encapsulation, damaged the CoNiCrAlY by Type I acidic fluxing hot corrosion mechanisms at 1000°C that resulted in accelerated oxidation and sulfidation. The formation of a protective continuous Al2O3 oxide scale by preoxidation treatment significantly delayed the hot corrosion of CoNiCrAlY by sulfates. However, CoNiCrAlY in both as-sprayed and preoxidized condition suffered a significant damage by CaSO4 deposits via a basic fluxing mechanism that yielded CaCrO4 and CaAl2O4. The CMAS melt also dissolved the protective Al2O3 oxide scale developed on CoNiCrAlY by forming anorthite platelets and spinel oxides. Based on the detailed investigation on degradation of the APS YSZ and CoNiCrAlY by various corrosive deposits, an experimental attempt was carried out to mitigate the melt-induced deposit attack. Experimental results from this study demonstrate, for the first time, that an oxide overlay produced by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) can effectively perform as an environmental barrier overlay for APS TBCs. The EPD protective overlay has a uniform and easily-controllable thickness, uniformly distributed closed pores and tailored chemistry. The EPD Al2O3 and MgO overlays were successful in protecting the APS YSZ TBCs against CMAS attack and hot corrosion attack (e.g., sulfate and vanadate), respectively. Furnace thermal cyclic oxidation testing of overlay-modified TBCs on bond-coated superalloy also demonstrated the good adhesive durability of the EPD Al2O3 overlay.
Book Synopsis The Degradation of Environmental Barrier Coatings by Molten Silicates by : Kendra Marie Grant
Download or read book The Degradation of Environmental Barrier Coatings by Molten Silicates written by Kendra Marie Grant and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volatilization of Si-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in moisture-laden combustion environments is alleviated by the application of an environmental barrier coating (EBC). In principle all current (e.g. BSAS) and prospective (e.g. Y2SiO5) EBC materials are susceptible to thermochemical degradation by calcium-magnesium alumino-silicate (CMAS) deposits. The mechanism involves dissolution of the parent EBC into the CMAS melt and the precipitation of silicate reaction products. For example, BSAS in contact with the melt dissolves and re-precipitates as modified Celsian. However, the CMAS attack of BSAS involves an additional and potentially more damaging mechanism, wherein CMAS penetrates along grain boundaries to depths typically of the order of a practical coating thickness. Yttrium silicate monoliths are not susceptible to grain boundary attack; however, the primary precipitated phase, calcium-yttrium apatite (Ca2Y8(SiO 4)6O2), is not fully effective as a diffusion barrier. The apatite is interpenetrated by thin amorphous grain boundary films that allows rapid transport of the glass species to the reaction front. The secondary products and morphological characteristics of the reaction zone depend on time, temperature and whether the environment is stagnant laboratory air or flowing H2O/O2. The degradation mechanisms and their implications to the durability of EBCs in potential gas turbine applications are discussed in light of experiments exploring the effect of these variables.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781721194155 Total Pages :32 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (941 download)
Book Synopsis Thermal Barrier Coatings for Advanced Gas Turbine and Diesel Engines by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings for Advanced Gas Turbine and Diesel Engines written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCS) have been developed for advanced gas turbine and diesel engine applications to improve engine reliability and fuel efficiency. However, durability issues of these thermal barrier coatings under high temperature cyclic conditions are still of major concern. The coating failure depends not only on the coating, but also on the ceramic sintering/creep and bond coat oxidation under the operating conditions. Novel test approaches have been established to obtain critical thermomechanical and thermophysical properties of the coating systems under near-realistic transient and steady state temperature and stress gradients encountered in advanced engine systems. This paper presents detailed experimental and modeling results describing processes occurring in the ZrO2-Y2O3 thermal barrier coating systems, thus providing a framework for developing strategies to manage ceramic coating architecture, microstructure and properties. Zhu, Dongming and Miller, Robert A. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-1999-209453, NAS 1.15:209453, E-11948
Book Synopsis Modeling Volcanic Processes by : Sarah A. Fagents
Download or read book Modeling Volcanic Processes written by Sarah A. Fagents and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the physical behavior of volcanoes is key to mitigating the hazards active volcanoes pose to the ever-increasing populations living nearby. The processes involved in volcanic eruptions are driven by a series of interlinked physical phenomena, and to fully understand these, volcanologists must employ various physics subdisciplines. This book provides the first advanced-level, one-stop resource examining the physics of volcanic behavior and reviewing the state-of-the-art in modeling volcanic processes. Each chapter begins by explaining simple modeling formulations and progresses to present cutting-edge research illustrated by case studies. Individual chapters cover subsurface magmatic processes through to eruption in various environments and conclude with the application of modeling to understanding the other volcanic planets of our Solar System. Providing an accessible and practical text for graduate students of physical volcanology, this book is also an important resource for researchers and professionals in the fields of volcanology, geophysics, geochemistry, petrology and natural hazards.
Book Synopsis Thermal Barrier Coatings: Failure Theory and Evaluation Technology by : Yichun Zhou
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings: Failure Theory and Evaluation Technology written by Yichun Zhou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-10-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the failure theories and evaluation techniques of thermal barrier coatings, covering the thermal-mechanical–chemical coupling theories, performance and damage characterization techniques, and related evaluations. Thermal barrier coatings are the key thermal protection materials for high-temperature components in advanced aeroengines. Coating spallation is a major technical bottleneck faced by researchers. The extremely complex microstructure, diverse service environments, and failure behaviors bring challenges to the spallation analysis in terms of the selective use of mechanical theories, experimental methods, and testing platforms. In the book, the authors provide a systematic summary of the latest research and technological advances and present their insights and findings in the past couple of decades. This book is not only suitable for researchers and engineers in thermal barrier coatings and related fields but also a good reference for upper-undergraduate and postgraduate students of materials science and mechanics majors.
Book Synopsis High Temperature Coatings by : Sudhangshu Bose
Download or read book High Temperature Coatings written by Sudhangshu Bose and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Temperature Coatings, Second Edition, demonstrates how to counteract the thermal effects of rapid corrosion and degradation of exposed materials and equipment that can occur under high operating temperatures. This is the first true practical guide on the use of thermally protective coatings for high-temperature applications, including the latest developments in materials used for protective coatings. It covers the make-up and behavior of such materials under thermal stress and the methods used for applying them to specific types of substrates, as well as invaluable advice on inspection and repair of existing thermal coatings. With his long experience in the aerospace gas turbine industry, the author has compiled the very latest in coating materials and coating technologies, as well as hard-to-find guidance on maintaining and repairing thermal coatings, including appropriate inspection protocols. The book is supplemented with the latest reference information and additional support to help readers find more application- and industry-type coatings specifications and uses. - Offers an overview of the underlying fundamental concepts of thermally-protective coatings, including thermodynamics, energy kinetics, crystallography and equilibrium phases - Covers essential chemistry and physics of underlying substrates, including steels, nickel-iron alloys, nickel-cobalt alloys and titanium alloys - Provides detailed guidance on a wide variety of coating types, including those used against high temperature corrosion and oxidative degradation and thermal barrier coatings
