Thermal Response Of Explosives Subjected To External Heating Tnt Comp B Hmx Tatb Datb And Nq

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Thermal Response of Explosives Subjected to External Heating. [TNT, Comp. B, HMX, TATB, DATB, and NQ].

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Explosives Subjected to External Heating. [TNT, Comp. B, HMX, TATB, DATB, and NQ]. by :

Download or read book Thermal Response of Explosives Subjected to External Heating. [TNT, Comp. B, HMX, TATB, DATB, and NQ]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of unconfined one-dimensional heating experiments in slab geometry was conducted with TNT, Comp. B, plastic-bonded HMX, TATB, DATB, and NQ. The explosive samples were heated on one surface at heating rates between 10 and 25/sup 0/C/min. The experimentaly determined times and temperatures to ignition were reproduced computationally, with one exception, by solving a one-dimensional heat-conduction equation containing a zero-order reaction energy source term and a time-dependent temperature boundary condition. The one exception was plastic-bonded NQ. Unconfined plastic-bonded NQ did not ignite under the experimental conditions used. The heat-transfer mechanism in molten TNT, as expected, was convective; and for molten Comp. B, conductive. A reactive heat-transfer program, EXPLO, was written that is capable of solving the convective transfer mode and accepting mixtures of explosives reacting with first-order kinetics.

Energy Research Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 748 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Research Abstracts by :

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy Research Abstracts

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Research Abstracts by :

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-07 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating by :

Download or read book Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (929 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating by :

Download or read book Thermal Response of Spherical Explosive Charges Subjected to External Heating written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chemical-decomposition Models for the Thermal Explosion of Confined HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT Explosives

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical-decomposition Models for the Thermal Explosion of Confined HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT Explosives by :

Download or read book Chemical-decomposition Models for the Thermal Explosion of Confined HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical decomposition models have been deduced from the available chemical kinetic data on the thermal decomposition of HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT. A thermal conduction model is used in which the thermal conductivity of the reacting explosive decreases linearly with the mass fraction reacted to that of the gaseous products. These reactive heat flow models are used to predict the time to explosion versus reciprocal temperature curves from several heavily confined explosive tests. Good agreement is obtained between experimental and calculated explosion times for the pure explosives HMX, TATB, RDX, and TNT, mixtures such as RX-26-AF (HMX/TATB), Octol (HMX/TNT), and Comp B (RDX/TNT), and for PBX 9404, an HMX-based explosive containing an energetic nitrocellulose binder.

Thermal Decomposition and Reaction of Confined Explosives. [TNT, TATB, LX-04, LX-10].

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Decomposition and Reaction of Confined Explosives. [TNT, TATB, LX-04, LX-10]. by :

Download or read book Thermal Decomposition and Reaction of Confined Explosives. [TNT, TATB, LX-04, LX-10]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some new experiments designed to accurately determine the time interval required to produce a reactive event in confined explosives subjected to temperatures which will cause decomposition are described. Geometry and boundary conditions were both well defined so that these experiments on the rapid thermal decomposition of HE are amenable to predictive modelling. Experiments have been carried out on TNT, TATB and on two plastic-bonded HMX-based high explosives, LX-04 and LX-10. When the results of these experiments are plotted as the logarithm of the time to explosion versus 1/T K (Arrhenius plot), the curves produced are remarkably linear. This is in contradiction to the results obtained by an iterative solution of the Laplace equation for a system with a first order rate heat source. Such calculations produce plots which display considerable curvature. The experiments have also shown that the time to explosion is strongly influenced by the void volume in the containment vessel. Results of the experiments with calculations based on the heat flow equations coupled with first-order models of chemical decomposition are compared. The comparisons demonstrate the need for a more realistic reaction model.

The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Ii: Datb

Author : N. L. COLEBURN
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Ii: Datb by : N. L. COLEBURN

Download or read book The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Ii: Datb written by N. L. COLEBURN and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements were made of unidirectional heat flow, at rates up to 100 C per min, into a 2dimensional analogue of a warhead filled with the explosive DATB (1, 3-diamino-2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene). In this experimental arrangement, deflagration of DATB discs 2-cm thick and 12.7 to 17.8 cm in diam, occurred when the hottest DATB layer reached 314 C (! 10 C). No high order detonations occurred. Extrapolation of the data, obtained with initial warhead- exterior temperatures of 337 C to 450 C, leads to the prediction that such a DATB-filled warhead would ignite in about 9 sec if caught in an oil fire. (Author).

Thermal Properties of Explosives. Quarterly Report, January, February, March 1964

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Properties of Explosives. Quarterly Report, January, February, March 1964 by :

Download or read book Thermal Properties of Explosives. Quarterly Report, January, February, March 1964 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henkin's test data are reported for comparisons of the following: dry-to-moist samples, PBX 9404 in brass and gold-plated blasting caps, Holston HMX with Bridgewater HMX, LX-04-1 and LX-04-1 + Ucon oil, and PETN, LX-04-1 and Extex. The time-to-explosion curves for HMX and PBX 9404 are also given. A description of the pyrolysis apparatus and the method of calibrating the sample temperature to the response of the thermal conductivity detector are reported. The pyrolytic decomposition curves of several standard explosives and six specially prepared HMX samples (LRL raw material No. A-311 through A-316) are included. A controlled atmosphere D.T.A. is described and the thermograms of PETN with an atmosphere of air at 85 psi, nitrogen at 85 psi and 200 psi are given. The thermograms indicate that PETN becomes more sensitive as the pressure increases. Chemical reactivity data are reported for Comp B, Comp B-3, Comp C-4, HMX, PBX 9011, PBX 9205, Tetryl and TNT. Also, test results are reported for LX-01-1 and Comp B-3 heated at 150°C for 22 hours, LX-02-1 heated at 100°C for 22 hours, and pressed pellets of PBX 9404 and PBX 9404 + powdered lead.

Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of Explosives and Propellants

Author : G.B. Manelis
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482288265
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of Explosives and Propellants by : G.B. Manelis

Download or read book Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of Explosives and Propellants written by G.B. Manelis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-30 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book investigates the synthesis, kinetics, and thermal decomposition properties and processing of energy-producing materials used in propellants, explosives, pyrotechnic, and gas-generating compositions. Thermal Decomposition and Combustion of Explosives and Propellants provides several mechanisms and stages for the thermal deco

Thermal Decomposition of Explosives. Part 8. The Reactions of Composition B and TNT in the Presence of Various Potential Cavity Liners and Sealants

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Decomposition of Explosives. Part 8. The Reactions of Composition B and TNT in the Presence of Various Potential Cavity Liners and Sealants by :

Download or read book Thermal Decomposition of Explosives. Part 8. The Reactions of Composition B and TNT in the Presence of Various Potential Cavity Liners and Sealants written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The isothermal decompositions of Composition B and TNT were probed in the presence of a variety of materials under consideration for employment in ordnance as cavity liners or sealants. These materials included products of Essex Chemical Corp.; H.H. Robertson Co. (Tuffseal); Unique Products, Inc.; Insulation Systems Inc.; Thermal Systems, Inc.; Thiokol Chemical Corp.; and United Resin Products, Inc. The kinetic features of the reactions were established over wide temperature ranges, including conditions such that the reactions were fast and explosion imminent. In general, accelerations in the decomposition rates were observed. In a few cases these accelerations were extreme.

Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-Based and RDX-Based Explosives - Effects of Composition, Confinement, and Solid Phase Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-Based and RDX-Based Explosives - Effects of Composition, Confinement, and Solid Phase Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment by :

Download or read book Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-Based and RDX-Based Explosives - Effects of Composition, Confinement, and Solid Phase Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment (STEX) has been developed to quantify the violence of thermal explosion under well defined and carefully controlled initial and boundary conditions. Here we present results with HMX-based explosives (LX-04 and PBX-9501) and with Composition B. Samples are 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter and 8 inches (200 mm) in length, under confinement of 7,500-30,000 psi (50-200 MPa), with heating rates of 1-3 C/hr. We quantify reaction violence by measuring the wall velocity in the ensuing thermal explosion, and relate the measured velocity to that expected from a detonation. Results with HMX-based explosives (LX-04 and PBX-9501) have shown the importance of confinement and HMX solid phase, with reaction violence ranging from mild pressure bursts to near detonations. By contrast, Composition B has shown very violent reactions over a wide range of conditions.

The Sensitivity, Performance, and Material Properties of Some High Explosive Formulations

Author : Thomas S. Costain
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sensitivity, Performance, and Material Properties of Some High Explosive Formulations by : Thomas S. Costain

Download or read book The Sensitivity, Performance, and Material Properties of Some High Explosive Formulations written by Thomas S. Costain and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work reported represents part of a continuing effort to determine the important characteristics of some explosives as they pertain to performance in ammunition. Tests were conducted to determine the fragment velocity, blast pressure, detonation velocity, sensitivity to impact and friction, thermal stability, mechanical strength, and thermal expansion of each explosive. Tests were applied to TNT and TNT-based compositions including Composition B, Composition B-3, 75/25 Cyclotol, 70/30 Octol, 75/25 Octol, 80/20 Tritonal, H-6 HBX-3, and HTA-4; and plastic- or wax-bonded compositions including LX-04-1, PBX 9010, PBX Types A and B, PBX 9404, Comp A-3, PBXN-1, PBXN-3, 95/5 HMX/Kel F- 800, Composition C-4, and 86/14 RDX/Wax.

The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Iii

Author : N. L. COLEBURN
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Iii by : N. L. COLEBURN

Download or read book The Thermal Behavior of Explosives Subjected to Simulated Aerodynamic Heating, Iii written by N. L. COLEBURN and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IGNITION TIME AND HEAT FLOW WERE MEASURED FOR 6 EXPLOSIVES, TESTED IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL, UNCONFINED ANALOGUES OF CYLINDRICAL, STEEL-CASED WARHEADS. They were unidirectionally heated at rates corresponding to aerodynamic heating associated with the sea-level flight of supersonic missiles and aircraft at low Mach numbers. With heating rates up to 100 C/min the runaway reaction occurs as a rapid deflagration beginning on the explosive's surface touching the steel case. When a temperature of 455 C was applied to the outer surface of the 1-cm thick steel warhead case, the explosive ignition times were: tetryl - 135 sec; TNT - 164 sec; PBX N-1 - 180 sec; pentolite - 139 sec; H-6 - 169 sec; and Comp. - 202 sec. PBX 9404 showed a small but inconclusive increase in impact-hammer sensitivity (the 50% point changed from 26 to 31 cm) after 3 thermal cycles between 20 C and 200 C. (Author).

Comparative Thermal Behavior of HMX and Tatb Base Explosives

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)

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Download or read book Comparative Thermal Behavior of HMX and Tatb Base Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-based Explosives -- Effect of Composition, Confinement and Phase Transition Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-based Explosives -- Effect of Composition, Confinement and Phase Transition Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment by :

Download or read book Thermal Explosion Violence of HMX-based Explosives -- Effect of Composition, Confinement and Phase Transition Using the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We developed the Scaled Thermal Explosion Experiment (STEX) to provide a database of reaction violence from thermal explosion of explosives of interest. A cylinder of explosive, 1, 2 or 4 inches in diameter, is confined in a steel cylinder with heavy end caps, and heated under controlled conditions until it explodes. Reaction violence is quantified by micropower radar measurement of the cylinder wall velocity, and by strain gauge data at reaction onset. Here we describe the test concept and design, show that the conditions are well understood, and present initial data with HMX-based explosives. The HMX results show that an explosive with high binder content yields less-violent reactions that an explosive with low binder content, and that the HMX phase at the time of explosion plays a key role in reaction violence.