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Author : Rebecca Dengrove
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (616 download)
Download or read book Thermal Resistance of Bacillus Anthracis Spores and Potential Surrogates written by Rebecca Dengrove and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Amanda Nicole Mercer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Surrogate Pathogens Bacillus Anthracis Sterne and Yersinia Pestis KIM6 and KIM10 written by Amanda Nicole Mercer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatically increasing number of bacterial pathogens acquiring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) poses a threat to our nation's health and security. When these bacteria have the potential to be used intentionally as biological warfare agents (BWAs), the danger is amplified. To mitigate the potential threat of MDR in pathogens with the capacity for weaponization, non-pathogenic MDR surrogates are being generated and they will be used to understand the genomic evolution towards antibiotic resistance. Bacillus anthracis (causative agent of anthrax) and Yersinia pestis (causative agent of the plague) are two such bacteria that have been weaponized in the past and still are potentially weaponizable. In September 2001, the "Amerithrax" terrorist attack utilized refined spores of B. anthracis, targeting media institutions and government officials, resulting in 22 confirmed cases of anthrax and bringing concerns of BWAs to the forefront. Y. pestis, responsible for the death of half of Europe's population during The Black Death, lends itself to aerosolization and can also be used to infect large numbers of individuals. Clearly, the continued acquisition of AMR/MDR, through natural or artificial means, by these and other pathogens, greatly reduces the efficacy of our diminishing array of antimicrobial treatments. Three surrogate pathogens, B. anthracis Sterne and Y. pestis KIM6 and KIM10, were used to evolve strains resistant to various antibiotics. Surrogates permit safe laboratory analysis of the genetic progression toward AMR/MDR, as well as testing of various novel candidate drugs without the need for highly regulated and costly select agent and/or biosafety level 3 facilities. Bacteria were subjected to selective pressures on plates containing three times the initial minimum inhibitory concentration of specific antibiotics. Resistant mutants were isolated and used for subsequent selection rounds on other antibiotics. To verify the presence and evolution of genes conferring resistance, the AMR/MDR surrogate isolates will be sequenced using high throughput whole genome sequencing, and then the surrogate isolates will be compared to the sequences of their parent strains. The generated AMR/MDR strains will form a validated panel that can be used in reference laboratories to test new therapeutics
Author : Andre Richardt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527621636
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Decontamination of Warfare Agents written by Andre Richardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-25 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on results previously restricted for military use and inaccessible to the public, this practice-oriented handbook introduces the use of enzymes for fast and efficient decontamination of B/C weapons in various scenarios, including terrorist attacks. It draws on the internationally recognized technological leadership of the German armed forces, whose anti-B/C technology is among the most advanced worldwide. The text is rounded off with a look at future perspectives.
Author : Sandip H. Shah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Fate and Detection of Bacillus Anthracis Spores in Pasteurized Milk, Juice and Eggs written by Sandip H. Shah and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tatiana Koutchma
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128165324
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Validation of Food Preservation Processes based on Novel Technologies written by Tatiana Koutchma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Validation of Food Preservation Processes based on Novel Technologies discusses and recommends activities for bench top, pilot, prototype and commercial high hydrostatic pressure (HPP) and ultraviolet (UV) systems validation. The book explores issues of equipment scalability, selection of microorganisms of concern and their surrogates, validation and verification of critical processing conditions, treatment uniformity, process control and instrumentation. Topics are discussed in order to facilitate HPP and UV technologies implementation, thus mitigating risks during production and processing. Other sections deal with the selection of suitable surrogates that can be used in validation studies and procedures for their selection. The book also encloses case studies of validation of UV and HPP systems for pathogen reduction in juice. Edited by the main experts in the field of non-thermal food processing, this title is a guide for food process developers from starting to final point of the development and validation. Brings science-based validation practices for food processes using novel preservation technologies Guides food process developers from starting point to final point of development and validation Explains objectives of the process development on each stage, including in-lab, pilot scale and commercialization
Author : Adam P. Fraise
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444333259
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Russell, Hugo and Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization written by Adam P. Fraise and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-18 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this established and highly respected text is THE definitive reference in its field. It details methods for the elimination or prevention/control of microbial growth, and features: New chapters on bioterrorism and community healthcare New chapters on microbicide regulations in the EU, USA and Canada Latest material on microbial resistance to microbicides Updated material on new and emerging technologies, focusing on special problems in hospitals, dentistry and pharmaceutical practice Practical advice on problems of disinfection and antiseptics in healthcare A systematic review of sterilization methods, with uses and advantages outlined for each Evaluation of disinfectants and their mechanisms of action with respect to current regulations The differences between European and North American regulations are highlighted throughout, making this a truly global work, ideal for worldwide healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases and infection control.
Author : Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128149574
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Food Safety and Preservation written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food Safety and Preservation: Modern Biological Approaches to Improving Consumer Health explores the most recent and investigated hot topics in food safety, microbial contamination, food-borne diseases and advanced preservation methods. It brings together the significant, evidence-based scientific progress of various approaches to improve the safety and quality of foods, also offering solutions to help address food industry challenges. Recent studies and technological advancements in biological control are presented to control foodborne pathogens. In addition, analytical methods for reducing potential biological hazards make this book essential to researchers, scientists, technologists and grad students. Covers all aspects of food contamination, from food degradation, to food-borne diseases Examines validated, biological control approaches to reduce microbial and chemical contamination Includes detailed discussions of risk and safety assessments in food preservation
Author : Amit K. Jaiswal
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315355108
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)
Download or read book Food Processing Technologies written by Amit K. Jaiswal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processing of food generally implies the transformation of the perishable raw food to value-added products. It imparts benefits, such as the destruction of surface microflora, and inactivation of deleterious enzymes, such as peroxidase, leading to a greater shelf life of the food. It also enhances color and texture while maintaining quality of products and makes them edible. However, it also has an inevitable impact on nutritional quality attributes, such as increase or decrease in certain vitamins and bioactive metabolites among others. Food Processing Technologies: Impact on Product Attributes covers a range of food processing technologies and their effect on various food product attributes, such as bioactive compounds, safety, and sensory and nutritional aspects of the food upon processing. There are eight major parts in the book. Part I covers the conventional processing technologies. Parts II, III, IV, and V deal with various novel processing technologies, including impingement processing technologies, electro-magnetic processing technologies, physico-mechanical processing technologies, and electro-technologies. Part VI introduces chemical processing technologies. Part VII comprise irradiation processing technology, and the final part is focused on biological processing technology, detailing the application of enzymes in food processing. Numerous studies were carried out to find the impact of these processing technologies on various aspects of food and associated health promotion properties. Both positive and negative results were obtained based on nature of foods, processing type, and duration of processing, and this book covers these results in depth.
Author : Norma L. Heredia
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470439068
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Microbiologically Safe Foods written by Norma L. Heredia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on state of the art technologies to produce microbiologically safe foods for our global dinner table. Each chapter summarizes the most recent scientific advances, particularly with respect to food processing, pre- and post-harvest food safety, quality control, and regulatory information. The book begins with a general discussion of microbial hazards and their public health ramifications. It then moves on to survey the production processes of different food types, including dairy, eggs, beef, poultry, and fruits and vegetables, pinpointing potential sources of human foodborne diseases. The authors address the growing market in processed foods as well novel interventions such as innovative food packaging and technologies to reduce spoilage organisms and prolong shelf life. Each chapter also describes the ormal flora of raw product, spoilage issues, pathogens of concern, sources of contamination, factors that influence survival and growth of pathogens and spoilage organisms, indicator microorganisms, approaches to maintaining product quailty and reducing harmful microbial populations, microbial standards for end-product testing, conventional microbiological and molecular methods, and regulatory issues. Other important topics include the safety of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), predictive microbiology, emerging foodborne pathogens, good agricultural and manufacturing processes, avian influenza, and bioterrorism.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Applied and Environmental Microbiology written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241547537
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)
Download or read book Anthrax in Humans and Animals written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of the anthrax guidelines encompasses a systematic review of the extensive new scientific literature and relevant publications up to end 2007 including all the new information that emerged in the 3-4 years after the anthrax letter events. This updated edition provides information on the disease and its importance, its etiology and ecology, and offers guidance on the detection, diagnostic, epidemiology, disinfection and decontamination, treatment and prophylaxis procedures, as well as control and surveillance processes for anthrax in humans and animals. With two rounds of a rigorous peer-review process, it is a relevant source of information for the management of anthrax in humans and animals.
Author : Dawn P. Wooley
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1683673131
Total Pages : 953 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (836 download)
Download or read book Biological Safety written by Dawn P. Wooley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 953 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological safety and biosecurity protocols are essential to the reputation and responsibility of every scientific institution, whether research, academic, or production. Every risk—no matter how small—must be considered, assessed, and properly mitigated. If the science isn't safe, it isn't good. Now in its fifth edition, Biological safety: Principles and Practices remains the most comprehensive biosafety reference. Led by editors Karen Byers and Dawn Wooley, a team of expert contributors have outlined the technical nuts and bolts of biosafety and biosecurity within these pages. This book presents the guiding principles of laboratory safety, including: the identification, assessment, and control of the broad variety of risks encountered in the lab; the production facility; and, the classroom. Specifically, Biological Safety covers protection and control elements—from biosafety level cabinets and personal protection systems to strategies and decontamination methods administrative concerns in biorisk management, including regulations, guidelines, and compliance various aspects of risk assessment covering bacterial pathogens, viral agents, mycotic agents, protozoa and helminths, gene transfer vectors, zooonotic agents, allergens, toxins, and molecular agents as well as decontamination, aerobiology, occupational medicine, and training A resource for biosafety professionals, instructors, and those who work with pathogenic agents in any capacity, Biological safety is also a critical reference for laboratory managers, and those responsible for managing biohazards in a range of settings, including basic and agricultural research, clinical laboratories, the vivarium, field study, insectories, and greenhouses.
Author : Christopher S. Cox
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000157849
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Bioaerosols Handbook written by Christopher S. Cox and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook provides up-to-date knowledge and practical advice from established authorities in aerosol science. It covers the principles and practices of bioaerosol sampling, descriptions and comparisons of bioaerosol samplers, calibration methods, and assay techniques, with an emphasis on practicalities, such as which sampler to use and where it should be placed. The text also offers critiques concerning handling the samples to provide representative and meaningful assays for their viability, infectivity, and allergenicity. A wide range of microbes-viz., viruses, bacteria, fungi and pollens, and their fragments-are considered from such perspectives. Bioaerosols Handbook is divided into four parts, providing a wide-ranging reference work, as well as a practical guide on how best to sample and assay bioaerosols using current technology.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309165059
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Reopening Public Facilities After a Biological Attack written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-08-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthrax attacks in fall 2001 spurred an extensive and costly decontamination effort where many decisions had to be made about which sites required cleanup, what method to use, how to determine the effectiveness of the cleanup, and how "clean" the building had to be for reoccupation. As part of a project funded by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and managed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Research Council was asked to consider the criteria that must be met for a cleanup to be declared successful, allowing the reoccupation of a facility. The report finds that efficiently sampling and characterizing a pathogen is critical for choosing the best remediation strategy. However, there should be no universal standard for deciding when a building is safe to re-enter because varying pathogen amounts and characteristics could require different strategies. The report offers a flowchart for decision-makers that includes questions about the characteristics of the pathogen; how far it has spread; whether it is transmissible between humans; and how long it will survive to pose a threat. The report also recommends that a risk-assessment approach be adopted as part of a strategy for achieving a "socially acceptable" standard for cleanup.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309061954
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Chemical and Biological Terrorism written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-12 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The threat of domestic terrorism today looms larger than ever. Bombings at the World Trade Center and Oklahoma City's Federal Building, as well as nerve gas attacks in Japan, have made it tragically obvious that American civilians must be ready for terrorist attacks. What do we need to know to help emergency and medical personnel prepare for these attacks? Chemical and Biological Terrorism identifies the R&D efforts needed to implement recommendations in key areas: pre-incident intelligence, detection and identification of chemical and biological agents, protective clothing and equipment, early recognition that a population has been covertly exposed to a pathogen, mass casualty decontamination and triage, use of vaccines and pharmaceuticals, and the psychological effects of terror. Specific objectives for computer software development are also identified. The book addresses the differences between a biological and chemical attack, the distinct challenges to the military and civilian medical communities, and other broader issues. This book will be of critical interest to anyone involved in civilian preparedness for terrorist attack: planners, administrators, responders, medical professionals, public health and emergency personnel, and technology designers and engineers.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Food Protection Trends written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeffrey Kornacki
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441955186
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Principles of Microbiological Troubleshooting in the Industrial Food Processing Environment written by Jeffrey Kornacki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-19 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Microbiological Troubleshooting in the Industrial Food Processing Environment provides proven approaches and suggestions for finding sources of microbiological contamination of industrially produced products. Industrial food safety professionals find themselves responsible for locating and eliminating the source(s) of food contamination. These are often complex situations for which they have not been adequately prepared. This book is written with them, the in-plant food safety/quality assurance professional, in mind. However, other professionals will also benefit including plant managers, regulatory field investigators, technical food safety policy makers, college instructors, and students of food science and microbiology. A survey of the personal and societal costs of microbial contamination of food is followed by a wide range of respected authors who describe selected bacterial pathogens, emerging pathogens, spoilage organisms and their significance to the industry and consumer. Dr. Kornacki then provides real life examples of in-plant risk areas / practices (depicted with photographs taken from a wide variety of food processing facilities). Factors influencing microbial growth, survival and death area also described. The reader will find herein a practical framework for troubleshooting and for assessing the potential for product contamination in their own facilities, as well as suggestions for conducting their own in-plant investigations. Selected tools for testing the environment and statistical approaches to testing ingredients and finished product are also described. The book provides suggestions for starting up after a processing line (or lines) have been shut down due to a contamination risk. The authors conclude with an overview of molecular subtyping and its value with regard to in-plant investigations. Numerous nationally recognized authors in the field have contributed to the book. The editor, Dr. Jeffery L. Kornacki, is President and Senior Technical Director of the consulting firm, Kornacki Microbiology Solutions in Madison, Wisconsin. He is also Adjunct Faculty with the Department of Food Science at the University of Georgia and also with the National Food Safety & Toxicology Center at Michigan State University.
