Thermal Evaluation of Two Prototype Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensembles

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Evaluation of Two Prototype Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensembles by :

Download or read book Thermal Evaluation of Two Prototype Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensembles written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual aircrew members are protected against chemical warfare environments by the Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble (ACDE). The current regulation ACDE (flight suit coverall worn over an activated charcoal undergarment) inhibits dissipation of body heat, resulting in severe physiological limitations on task performance. Several second-generation ACDE prototype designs are undergoing review by the U.S. Air Force Life Support System Program Office. Two of these candidate ACDEs were compared to the current ACDE with respect to thermal stress associated with task performance. The two ACDEs evaluated were: the Gentex Intimate Blend Coverall, and Winfield Monopack Saratoga Coverall. Human subjects were instrumented; they then dressed in the experimental ACDE plus flight safety equipment, and performed scheduled tasks in a climate-controlled chamber at the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, Texas. To initiate the experiment, subjects pedaled on an ergometer (50 W) for 10 min, after which they sat in a high-performance aircraft ejection seat and performed minimal physical activities for 1 h; following this seated phase, the subjects again pedaled the ergometer (50W) for 30 min. Heart rates, core (rectal) temperatures, and 5 skin temperatures (chest, back, upper arm, upper leg, and calf) were measured at 30-s intervals throughout the experiment. To measure sweat production and sweat evaporation, the subjects were weighed, both nude and fully dressed.

Laboratory Studies of Aircrew Chemical Protective Ensemble: Effects on Pilots' Performance

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (228 download)

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Book Synopsis Laboratory Studies of Aircrew Chemical Protective Ensemble: Effects on Pilots' Performance by : G. R. McMillan

Download or read book Laboratory Studies of Aircrew Chemical Protective Ensemble: Effects on Pilots' Performance written by G. R. McMillan and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the results of a U.S. Air Force program designed to quantify the effects of current and near-term chemical protective gear on pilot performance. The first phase of the program consisted of a sensitivity analysis to determine which aspects of pilot performance should be evaluated, the anticipated performance decrements, the stress mechanisms presumed to be operating, and the flight simulations required to quantify the effects of the protective ensemble. To date, two full-mission laboratory experiments have been completed. These experiments evaluated the currently fielded USAF aircrew ensemble and a proposed Integrated Chemical Defense System. Reductions in pilot performance were observed with both systems under simulated hot environmental conditions. However, the pilots strongly preferred the Integrated Chemical Defense System's eye-respiratory protective gear. The data suggest that thermal stress, produced by the multiple layer body protective gear, caused the performance reductions. The experimental data are being further analyzed with appropriate mission effectiveness models.

Thermal Stress Imposed by Prototype Bilayer and Current Ground Crew Chemical Defense Ensembles. A Limited Laboratory Comparison

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Stress Imposed by Prototype Bilayer and Current Ground Crew Chemical Defense Ensembles. A Limited Laboratory Comparison by :

Download or read book Thermal Stress Imposed by Prototype Bilayer and Current Ground Crew Chemical Defense Ensembles. A Limited Laboratory Comparison written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An open bilayer ground crew chemical defense ensemble (CDE) has been proposed to reduce the thermal burden during vapor-only exposure periods. This study compared the thermal stress profile of the proposed ensemble to that produced by the currently employed closed CDE. Four subjects, alternating ensembles on separate days, walked on a treadmill in an environmental chamber at 5.3 km/h (3.3 mph) and 2% grade (an energy expenditure of 350 kcal/h) for alternating work/rest to achieve significant recovery. Mean total sweat production was lower (1.38 vs. 2.50 liters) and percent sweat evaporation greater (65.7% vs. 30.0%) in the prototype ensemble than in the CDE. The prototype ensemble provided greater heat dissipation and allowed more efficient sweat evaporation which had the double benefit of reducing heat storage and limiting dehydration. Chemical defense; Thermal stress; Ground crew chemical defense ensemble; Open bilayer; Chemical defense ensemble.

Air Force Magazine

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Force Magazine by :

Download or read book Air Force Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-07 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal Stress in Seven Types of Chemical Defense Ensembles During Moderate Exercise in Hot Environments

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Stress in Seven Types of Chemical Defense Ensembles During Moderate Exercise in Hot Environments by :

Download or read book Thermal Stress in Seven Types of Chemical Defense Ensembles During Moderate Exercise in Hot Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States Air Force -(USAF) personnel must perform their duties in many operational environments, including those with the potential for contamination with toxic chemical warfare (CW) agents. This study evaluated the physiological response to thermal stress in subjects performing moderate work in current and prototype chemical protective garments including the Battle Dress Overgarment (BDO)+BDU, BDO without BDU, United Kingdom (UK) undercoverall+BDU, Gore-Tex rainsuit+PJ-7 undercoverall, Marine Light Fighter Suit (MLFS), CWU77P, PJ-7 alone, and the BDU alone. Experimental conditions were dry bulb temperature of 40 deg C (104 deg F), a wet bulb temperature of 270C (80.6 deg F), and a black globe temperature of 450C (113 deg F). Eleven subjects walked on a treadmill at 3 mph with a 5% grade incline until rectal temperature (Tre) rose 1.5 deg C (2.7 deg F) above the starting value. Heart rate, rectal and mean skin temperature, and body heat storage were monitored continuously. Sweat evaporation and production were determined from the differences between pre- and postexperiment clothed and nude weights. Significantly longer work times, lower heart rates, lower Tmsk, and lower heat storage, were seen in the group comprised of the BDU, MLFS, CWU-77P, and PJ-7 compared to the Gore-Tex with PJ- 7, UK plus BD BDO+BDU, and BDO no BDU ensembles. Suits which resulted in shorter tolerance times also caused rates of sweat production and lower % sweat evaporation than the less physiologically burdensome suits. Chemical protective ensembles, Thermal stress, Clothing, Exercise.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1460 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Microclimate Cooling and the Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Microclimate Cooling and the Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble by : Glenn Mitchell

Download or read book Microclimate Cooling and the Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble written by Glenn Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psychological, physiological, and operational effects of sustained aviation operations in the standard US Army chemical defense ensemble were studied in six male aviators during continuous 6-day sessions in a hot, humid field environment. Standard aviation mission durations and profiles were flown in a specially-equipped JUH-1H helicopter while wearing level IV mission-oriented protective posture (MOPP IV) garments. A single case design was used to investigate the effects of microclimate cooling devices of both air and liquid medium design. Results show that cooling is not physiologically necessary below cockpit temperatures of 29 C WBGT although subjective benefit was reported. Above 29 C WBGT cockpit temperature with closed aircraft windows and doors, microclimate cooling was necessary to avoid adverse effects of body core temperature increases. Keywords: Aircraft protection, Aircrew chemical protection, Helicopter warfare, NBC protection, Aircraft survivability, Heat stress(physiology), Heat stress(psychology), Microclimate cooling system, Chemical warfare. (MJM).

Physiological Stress from Chemical Defense Clothing and Equipment

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiological Stress from Chemical Defense Clothing and Equipment by : Sarah A. Nunneley

Download or read book Physiological Stress from Chemical Defense Clothing and Equipment written by Sarah A. Nunneley and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Topics include groundcrew heat stress in Chemical Defense Ensemble (CDE), validation of the heat-humidity index for work in CDE, evaluation of CDE made with various materials, groundcrew cooling devices, and aircrew guidelines. A bibliography is included. Thermal Stress, Clothing, Heat Stress, Chemical Defense Ensemble, Physiology.

Heat Strain Produced by 3 Aircrew Chemical Defence Ensembles Under Hot Conditions

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Heat Strain Produced by 3 Aircrew Chemical Defence Ensembles Under Hot Conditions by : RD. Michas

Download or read book Heat Strain Produced by 3 Aircrew Chemical Defence Ensembles Under Hot Conditions written by RD. Michas and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heat strain produced by three different Canadian Forces chemical defence (CD) individual protection ensembles (IPE) was studied under simulated hot cockpit conditions with an air-cooling vest (AC) and with no cooling (NC). Seven healthy males were randomly subjected to six heat stress tests (37°C, 50% r.h., target of 150 min) using the helicopter IPE with AC-4 mask (H4), the helicopter IPE with AR-5 hood/respirator (H5), and the CF-18 fighter IPE (F) with AR-5 respirator and anti-G suit. Whatever the IPE, AC increased heat exposure time and total heat losses, and decreased the change in core (?Tre/h) and whole body mean skin temperatures (? ̄Tsk(WB)/h) (P

Government Reports Announcements & Index

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal and Acceleration Effects on Aircrew Members in Chemical Defense Gear

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal and Acceleration Effects on Aircrew Members in Chemical Defense Gear by : Ronald E. Yates

Download or read book Thermal and Acceleration Effects on Aircrew Members in Chemical Defense Gear written by Ronald E. Yates and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experiment was conducted to determine the combined thermal and acceleration effects on aircrew members in chemical defense protective gear in a simulated air-to-ground mission. The subject flew two sorties per day in the Dynamic Environment Simulator. The environmental conditions simulated were typical of a 95th percentile hot summer central European day. Most of the responses seen in the subjects can be attributed to the thermal stress caused by the hot temperatures and the heavy protective clothing. (Author).

Psychological Measurements During the Wear of the US Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychological Measurements During the Wear of the US Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble by :

Download or read book Psychological Measurements During the Wear of the US Aircrew Chemical Defense Ensemble written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psychological (as opposed to physiological) effects of wearing a US aircrew chemical defense ensemble were evaluated using 12 male and 12 female volunteers. Half of the males and half of the females wore chemical defense ensembles while the rest wore standard US flight suits as controls. All subjects were administered tests of cognition (math, logical reasoning, target detection, and reaction time) before and after 6 hours of wear in a controlled environment. In addition, subjects rated their mood before and after wear. It was concluded that wearing the ensemble in an undemanding environment degraded affect (mood and activation levels), slightly decreased accuracy, and substantially decreased reaction times, especially in females. The most serious impact of the ensemble would seem to be a decrease in morale among females.

Government Reports Annual Index

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1024 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :

Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of a Combination Thermal and Chemical Protective Ensemble for U.S. Navy Fire Fighting Applications

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Combination Thermal and Chemical Protective Ensemble for U.S. Navy Fire Fighting Applications by : M. Connor

Download or read book Development of a Combination Thermal and Chemical Protective Ensemble for U.S. Navy Fire Fighting Applications written by M. Connor and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U. S. Navy fire fighters routinely confront both thermal and chemical hazards during emergency response operations. To provide protection in these situations, a program was undertaken to develop, design, and fabricate fully-integrated protective ensembles that would provide protection against both thermal and chemical hazards. The program was divided into three phases--(1) surveying the protective clothing industry to identify candidate materials or material combinations based on requirements taken from existing National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards on protective clothing for structural fire fighting, proximity fire fighting, and hazardous chemical liquid splash protection; (2) developing new material and optimizing material combinations, and (3) fabricating prototype clothing ensembles using selected materials. The first phase provided a comprehensive survey of the thermal and chemical protective materials with testing of individual layers to fill in missing performance data. The second phase examined different combinations of existing materials to optimize the overall material configuration in terms of protection performance, comfort, fabrication feasibility and cost. This included the combination of radiant and chemical layers into a new single material. Of the material combinations examined, a 3-layer system with an inter-changeable outer shell was selected and used in the construction of prototype garments. The ensuing design was qualified to each of the three NFPA standards.

Annual report to Congress and performance plan: Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program (2002)

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428982809
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Annual report to Congress and performance plan: Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program (2002) by :

Download or read book Annual report to Congress and performance plan: Joint Service Chemical and Biological Defense Program (2002) written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the ... Annual Symposium, SAFE Association

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Annual Symposium, SAFE Association by : SAFE Association (U.S.). Symposium

Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Annual Symposium, SAFE Association written by SAFE Association (U.S.). Symposium and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Aerospace Medicine and Biology

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerospace Medicine and Biology by :

Download or read book Aerospace Medicine and Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced in Scientific and technical aerospace reports (STAR) and International aerospace abstracts (IAA).