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Author : Ming-Yi Tsai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (233 download)
Download or read book The Washington Orchard Spray Drift Study written by Ming-Yi Tsai and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Edward John Kasner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book On Preventing Farmworker Exposure to Pesticide Drift in Washington Orchards written by Edward John Kasner and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide drift, or the off-target movement of pesticides, represents a key cause of not only crop damage and economic loss but also occupational and bystander illness. Nationally, drift has been shown to account for 37-68% of pesticide-related illnesses among United States agricultural workers. It remains a public health concern in the Pacific Northwest, especially among tree fruit workers. Unfavorable wind conditions and a lack of worker notification have been identified as leading contributing factors for acute illnesses resulting from occupational drift exposure. No study has systematically examined historical weather data as exposure determinants of drift events with occupationally-related pesticide illnesses. Our first aim seeks to understand the role of wind in pesticide drift events reported to the Washington State Department of Health and prevent such exposures in the future. A majority of drift events reported in Washington over the last two decades resulted from orchard airblast applications. The airblast sprayer has been a standard tool for tree fruit pesticide application technology since its rapid and wide-scale adoption in the 1950s. Over the last 65 years, a desire for more fruit-bearing trees has changed orchard canopies by reducing tree height and canopy volume. As a result, traditional airblast sprayer output no longer matches modern trees and thereby increases drift potential. New engineering controls such as tower sprayers have been promoted as methods to reduce drift, but few studies have examined how much these new technologies reduce worker exposure. While previous field studies have examined the use of metal cation tracers in spray deposition, our second aim evaluates new engineering controls by measuring potential worker exposure to orchard spray drift using novel micronutrient tracer methods. A high priority issue for drift exposure prevention in Washington has been improved communication between farms, handlers, and crew members. Currently, there is no system in place to notify workers or employers of applications that will be taking place on adjacent property. To investigate worker notification as a means to prevent exposure to drift, our third aim reviews existing agricultural notification systems and assesses the feasibility of a farm-to-farm notification system in Washington using interviews with tree fruit industry personnel.
Author : Magali N. Blanco
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Real-time Particle Monitoring of Pesticide Drift from Two Different Orchard Sprayers written by Magali N. Blanco and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide drift from agricultural spraying is a significant public health concern, affecting workers and surrounding communities. In Washington State, a majority of pesticide-related illnesses and application-related complaints involve drift. This study employed real-time particle monitors to characterize off-target spray drift during a series of orchard spray trials. The study was nested within a larger study that used micronutrients as tracers, and both active and passive sampling methods. Sections of an orchard block were randomly sprayed by alternating two orchard spray technologies - axial fan airblast (AFA) and multi-head fan tower (MFT) - while ten Dylos DC1100 Pro real-time particle counters sampled aerosols generated by the sprayers from various locations in a neighboring block, ranging from 0-122 meters (0-400 ft) downwind. Two meteorological stations collected wind speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity throughout the study period. Measurable aerosol drift levels were found at all downwind sampling locations for both sprayers. Significantly greater drift was associated with the AFA than the MFT sprayer below the canopy and at closer distances. Controlling for wind speed and height, the 75th drift percentiles were 123.5 and 43.3 μg/m3 for the AFA and MFT sprayers respectively. Independent of sprayer type and wind speed, the 75th drift percentiles were 29.3 and 17.7 μg/m3 above and below the canopy respectively. In a restricted analysis looking at spray periods and controlling for sprayer type, wind speed and height, every additional foot (0.305 m) away from the sprayer was associated with 0.1 μg/m3 of reduced drift. These results were consistent with results determined by passive sampling methods. Our findings indicate that real-time particle monitoring for pesticide aerosols can serve as an accurate and relatively inexpensive approach to characterizing pesticide drift.
Author : Kvetoslav R. Spurny
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420036251
Total Pages : 642 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (362 download)
Download or read book Aerosol Chemical Processes in the Environment written by Kvetoslav R. Spurny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-03-23 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A compilation of the most important aerosol chemical processes involved in known scientific and technological disciplines, Aerosol Chemical Processes in the Environment serves as a handbook for aerosol chemistry. Aerosol science is interdisciplinary, interfacing with many environmental, biological and technological research fields. Aerosols and aerosol research play an important role in both basic and applied scientific and technological fields. Interdisciplinary cooperation is useful and necessary. Aerosol Chemical Processes in the Environment uses several examples to show the impact of aerosol chemistry in several different fields, mainly in basic and atmospheric research. The book describes the most important chemical processes involved in the various scientific and technological disciplines.
Author : Qin Zhang
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1780648502
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Automation in Tree Fruit Production written by Qin Zhang and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automation in agriculture is made possible by the integration of advanced agricultural technology and precision agriculture management. This book, uniquely, will focus on applications of automation to the important industry of tree fruit production. Written by experts in agricultural automation technology from around the world, chapters in this book cover topics such as automated tree fruit production systems, plant stress sensing and high-throughput phenotyping in precision horticulture, the economics of automation in tree fruit production, light interception sensing systems for canopy management, precision irrigation and water management, precision technologies for pest and disease management, opportunities for the application of robotics in tree fruit production, and the mechanical harvesting and handling of fruit crops. The book is a representative, concise overview of the variety of technologies currently being applied to tree fruit crops around the world and the challenges faced by engineers and farmers that these technologies raise. It is aimed at researchers and graduate students of agriculture systems, agricultural and biological engineering, crop and soil sciences, horticulture, precision agriculture, and other relevant disciplines. It will also be of use to agriculture consultants, engineers, and other professionals such as agricultural equipment manufacturers and management professionals who use precision agriculture technologies.
Author : Melissa R. Winters
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (276 download)
Download or read book The Washington Aerial Spray Drift Study written by Melissa R. Winters and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Graham Matthews
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118976029
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Pesticides written by Graham Matthews and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crop protection continues to be an important component of modern farming to maintain food production to feed an expanding human population, but considerable changes have occurred in the regulation of pesticides in Europe in the last decade. The aim has been to reduce their impact on people and the environment. This has resulted in a major reduction in the number of chemicals approved for application on crops. In other parts of the world, a continuing expansion in the growing of genetically modified crops has also changed the pattern of pesticide use. In this second edition, Graham Matthews, updates how pesticides are registered and applied and the techniques used to mitigate their effects in the environment. Information on operator safety, protection of workers in crops treated with pesticides and spray drift affecting those who live in farming areas is also discussed. By bringing together the most recent research on pesticides in a single volume, this book provides a vital up to date resource for agricultural scientists, agronomists, plant scientists, plant pathologists, entomologists, environmental scientists, public health personnel, toxicologists and others working in the agrochemical industry and governments. It should assist development of improvements in harmonising regulation of pesticides in countries with limited resources for registration of pesticides.
Author : John Willard Barry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Sixth Report--National Spray Model and Application Technology Steering Committee written by John Willard Barry and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Biosystems Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Pimentel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400777965
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management written by David Pimentel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with the present state and problems of integrated pest management as relating to stakeholder acceptance of IPM and how integrated pest management can become a sustainable practice. The discussions include using less pesticides and the possibility of eliminating pesticides from agricultural practice.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1490 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Environmental Health Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Claire A. Franklin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 047001220X
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Occupational and Residential Exposure Assessment for Pesticides written by Claire A. Franklin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-04-08 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely publication concentrates on the exposure to pesticides by agricultural workers and residential users of pesticides through inhalation and physical contact. The book discusses more recently discovered risks such as pesticides on indoor carpets and includes new trends in data interpretation. Occupational & Residential Exposure Assessment for Pesticides complements the other title on pesticide exposure in the series - Pesticide Residues in Drinking Water, by Hamilton/Crossley and is a must for all professionals in the Pesticide Industry as well as academics.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 946 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Primary Industries Standing Committee
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 9780643068353
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Spray Drift Management written by Primary Industries Standing Committee and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2002 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide focuses on managing the risks of spray drift and includes information on appropriate handing practices to ensure a safe workplace.
Author : Graham A Matthews
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1786394871
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)
Download or read book A History of Pesticides written by Graham A Matthews and published by CABI. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating book, Graham Matthews takes the reader through the history of the development and use of chemicals for control of pests, weeds, and vectors of disease. Prior to 1900 only a few chemicals had been employed as pesticides but in the early 1940s, as the Second World War raged, the insecticide DDT and the herbicide 2-4-D were developed. These changed everything. Since then, farmers have been using a growing list of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides to protect their crops. Their use has undoubtedly led to significant gains in agricultural production and reduction in disease transmission, but also to major problems: health concerns for both users of pesticides and the general public, the emergence of resistance in pest populations, and environmental problems. The book examines the development of legislation designed to control and restrict the use of pesticides, the emergence of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and the use of biological control agents as part of policy to protect the environment and encourage the sustainable use of pesticides. Finally, the use of new technologies in pest control are discussed including the use of genetic modification, targeted pesticide application and use of drones, alongside basic requirements for IPM such as crop rotations, close seasons and adoption of plant varieties with resistance to pests and diseases.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael D. Wise
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317975235
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)
Download or read book The Routledge History of American Foodways written by Michael D. Wise and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge History of American Foodways provides an important overview of the main themes surrounding the history of food in the Americas from the pre-colonial era to the present day. By broadly incorporating the latest food studies research, the book explores the major advances that have taken place in the past few decades in this crucial field. The volume is composed of four parts. The first part explores the significant developments in US food history in one of five time periods to situate the topical and thematic chapters to follow. The second part examines the key ingredients in the American diet throughout time, allowing authors to analyze many of these foods as items that originated in or dramatically impacted the Americas as a whole, and not just the United States. The third part focuses on how these ingredients have been transformed into foods identified with the American diet, and on how Americans have produced and presented these foods over the last four centuries. The final section explores how food practices are a means of embodying ideas about identity, showing how food choices, preferences, and stereotypes have been used to create and maintain ideas of difference. Including essays on all the key topics and issues, The Routledge History of American Foodways comprises work from a leading group of scholars and presents a comprehensive survey of the current state of the field. It will be essential reading for all those interested in the history of food in American culture.
