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The Value Of Bank Capital Buffers In Maintaining Financial System Resilience
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Book Synopsis The Value of Bank Capital Buffers in Maintaining Financial System Resilience by : Christina Bui
Download or read book The Value of Bank Capital Buffers in Maintaining Financial System Resilience written by Christina Bui and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a current controversy concerning the appropriate size of capital requirements for banks to mitigate systemic losses. We are the first in kind to quantify the size of capital buffers required to reduce systemic losses using loan loss provisions data for Australian banks from 2002 to 2014 and annual public accounts from 1978 to 2014. We find that first, during the stable times, banks' multi-year loan loss rates are positively related to past loss rates and lagged loan growth and are inversely related to the deposit ratio, bank size and the GDP growth rate. Taking economic downturns into consideration, loss rates are negatively related to liquidity, but are positively related to deposit funding and size. Second, we simulate the distributions of bank losses and financial system losses in Australia for future periods. In doing so, we quantify the size of capital buffers required to significantly reduce systemic losses. Our results lend support moderate capital buffer increases.
Book Synopsis Usability of Bank Capital Buffers: The Role of Market Expectations by : José Abad
Download or read book Usability of Bank Capital Buffers: The Role of Market Expectations written by José Abad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-01-28 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the COVID shock, supervisors encouraged banks to use capital buffers to support the recovery. However, banks have been reluctant to do so. Provided the market expects a bank to rebuild its buffers, any draw-down will open up a capital shortfall that will weigh on its share price. Therefore, a bank will only decide to use its buffers if the value creation from a larger loan book offsets the costs associated with a capital shortfall. Using market expectations, we calibrate a framework for assessing the usability of buffers. Our results suggest that the cases in which the use of buffers make economic sense are rare in practice.
Book Synopsis Are Capital Buffers Pro-cyclical? by : Juan Ayuso
Download or read book Are Capital Buffers Pro-cyclical? written by Juan Ayuso and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Se analiza la relación entre el ciclo económico y los excedentes de capital sobre requerimientos de recursos propios de bancos y cajas en España. A partir de un panel de datos individuales para el período 1986-2000 (que cubre un ciclo completo), se estima una ecuación para el comportamiento del capital excedentario, que incluye entre los regresores un indicador de posición cíclica. Los resultados del ejercicio son muy robustos y claros y muestran que, una vez que se controlan los efectos del resto de sus determinantes, los excesos de capital mantienen una relación negativa con la posición en el ciclo. En términos cuantitativos, un aumento de un punto porcentual en la tasa de crecimiento del PIB reduce el colchón de capital en un 17%. Esta relación es, además,asimétrica, siendo más acusada durante las fases expansivas del ciclo. De acuerdo con estos resultados, el llamado problema de la prociclicidad de los requerimientos de capital debería ser tenido en cuenta en el diseño final de Basilea II, probablemente en el marco del segundo pilar de dicho acuerdo.
Book Synopsis Central Banking at a Crossroads by : Charles Goodhart
Download or read book Central Banking at a Crossroads written by Charles Goodhart and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2014-12-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects on the innovations that central banks have introduced since the 2008 collapse of Lehman Brothers to improve their modes of intervention, regulation and resolution of financial markets and financial institutions. Authors from both academia and policy circles explore these innovations through four approaches: ‘Bank Capital Regulation’ examines the Basel III agreement; ‘Bank Resolution’ focuses on effective regimes for regulating and resolving ailing banks; ‘Central Banking with Collateral-Based Finance’ develops thought on the challenges that market-based finance pose for the conduct of central banking; and ‘Where Next for Central Banking’ examines the trajectory of central banking and its new, central role in sustaining capitalism.
Book Synopsis International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards by :
Download or read book International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards written by and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Benefits and Costs of Bank Capital by : Jihad Dagher
Download or read book Benefits and Costs of Bank Capital written by Jihad Dagher and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The appropriate level of bank capital and, more generally, a bank’s capacity to absorb losses, has been at the core of the post-crisis policy debate. This paper contributes to the debate by focusing on how much capital would have been needed to avoid imposing losses on bank creditors or resorting to public recapitalizations of banks in past banking crises. The paper also looks at the welfare costs of tighter capital regulation by reviewing the evidence on its potential impact on bank credit and lending rates. Its findings broadly support the range of loss absorbency suggested by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) and the Basel Committee for systemically important banks.
Book Synopsis Effects of Bank Capital on Lending by : Joseph M. Berrospide
Download or read book Effects of Bank Capital on Lending written by Joseph M. Berrospide and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of bank capital on lending is a critical determinant of the linkage between financial conditions and real activity, and has received especial attention in the recent financial crisis. The authors use panel-regression techniques to study the lending of large bank holding companies (BHCs) and find small effects of capital on lending. They then consider the effect of capital ratios on lending using a variant of Lown and Morgan's VAR model, and again find modest effects of bank capital ratio changes on lending. The authors¿ estimated models are then used to understand recent developments in bank lending and, in particular, to consider the role of TARP-related capital injections in affecting these developments. Illus. A print on demand pub.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498321119 Total Pages :85 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Canada by : International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Download or read book Canada written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-06-24 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Financial System Stability Assessment paper discusses that Canada has enjoyed favorable macroeconomic outcomes over the past decades, and its vibrant financial system continues to grow robustly. However, macrofinancial vulnerabilities—notably, elevated household debt and housing market imbalances—remain substantial, posing financial stability concerns. Various parts of the financial system are directly exposed to the housing market and/or linked through housing finance. The financial system would be able to manage severe macrofinancial shocks. Major deposit-taking institutions would remain resilient, but mortgage insurers would need additional capital in a severe adverse scenario. Housing finance is broadly resilient, notwithstanding some weaknesses in the small non-prime mortgage lending segment. Although banks’ overall capital buffers are adequate, additional required capital for mortgage exposures, along with measures to increase risk-based differentiation in mortgage pricing, would be desirable. This would help ensure adequate through-the cycle buffers, improve mortgage risk-pricing, and limit procyclical effects induced by housing market corrections.
Book Synopsis Staff Guidance Note on Macroprudential Policy by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Staff Guidance Note on Macroprudential Policy written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note provides guidance to facilitate the staff’s advice on macroprudential policy in Fund surveillance. It elaborates on the principles set out in the “Key Aspects of Macroprudential Policy,” taking into account the work of international standard setters as well as the evolving country experience with macroprudential policy. The main note is accompanied by supplements offering Detailed Guidance on Instruments and Considerations for Low Income Countries
Book Synopsis Report of the Analytical Task Force on the Overlap Between Capital Buffers and Minimum Requirements by :
Download or read book Report of the Analytical Task Force on the Overlap Between Capital Buffers and Minimum Requirements written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capital buffers are key macroprudential policy instruments. Regulatory capital buffers ("the buffers") were introduced after the global financial crisis to mitigate systemic risk. Buffers help to ensure the resilience of banks and to conserve their capital by placing constraints on distributions if buffers are breached. Unlike minimum requirements, buffers can be drawn down when losses have to be absorbed during times of stress and are replenished thereafter. Using buffers may thus cushion the financial cycle, especially in the case of the countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB), which is designed to be released by the authorities in a downturn. Banks might not always be able or willing to use their buffers. For the purpose of this report, the "usability" of buffers and excess capital means that banks are able to deplete their buffers without triggering a breach any parallel minimum requirements. The minimum requirements include the leverage ratio (LR), the minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities (MREL) or the risk-weighted capital framework for the upcoming leverage ratio buffer for global systemically important institutions (G-SIIs), also referred to as the G-SII buffer. Even if buffers are usable from this perspective, banks might be unwilling to use them. Banks' willingness to use buffers is beyond the scope of this report and may also depend on factors other than buffer usability.1 However, investigations into banks' willingness to use buffers need to take into account potential regulatory impediments that might be an important reason why banks do not use buffers. Thus, both the ability and the willingness to use buffers may limit the capacity for buffers to cushion shocks. When buffers overlap with parallel minimum requirements, buffer usability is inevitably constrained. EU banking regulation ("the banking package") establishes three parallel frameworks, each with minimum capital requirements: the risk-weighted capital requirements framework aimed at increasing the resilience of banks; the supplementary leverage ratio requirements constraining the build-up of leverage, mitigating the risk of destabilising deleveraging processes and safeguarding against model risk and measurement error; and the framework to facilitate the resolution of failed banks without putting public funds at risk. These three frameworks apply simultaneously, with each of them playing an important role in contributing to the resilience of the banking system. However, the banking package also allows multiple uses of capital across these three frameworks, which in some instances includes the buffers.
Book Synopsis The Bankers’ New Clothes by : Anat Admati
Download or read book The Bankers’ New Clothes written by Anat Admati and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-09 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, and Bloomberg Businessweek Book of the Year Why our banking system is broken—and what we must do to fix it New bank failures have been a rude awakening for everyone who believed that the banking industry was reformed after the Global Financial Crisis—and that we’d never again have to choose between massive bailouts and financial havoc. The Bankers’ New Clothes uncovers just how little things have changed—and why banks are still so dangerous. Writing in clear language that anyone can understand, Anat Admati and Martin Hellwig debunk the false and misleading claims of bankers, regulators, politicians, academics, and others who oppose effective reform, and they explain how the banking system can be made safer and healthier. Thoroughly updated for a world where bank failures have made a dramatic return, this acclaimed and important book now features a new preface and four new chapters that expose the shortcomings of current policies and reveal how the dominance of banking even presents dangers to the rule of law and democracy itself.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 and European Banking Performance by : Paul Wachtel
Download or read book COVID-19 and European Banking Performance written by Paul Wachtel and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-26 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monograph presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on European banking, both at a macro and a micro level. It analyses the impact of the pandemic on bank stability, performance and credit policies, as well as their strategic adjustments to the challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The initial chapters analyze the various governmental responses to the pandemic. Topics of discussion include the scale and scope of the wide range of public policies undertaken to mitigate the consequences of the crisis, and their efficiency in limiting the negative impact of the pandemic on the economy. The results suggest that the extensive public interventions have been largely successful in averting the possible disastrous consequences for the financial sector on a macro level. On a micro level, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the restructuring and recovery of the banking industry started after the 2008 crisis which has had a significant impact on economies around the world, arguably leading to a negative long-lasting effect on sustainable development. To examine this, the book focuses on the impact of the pandemic on bank lending policies, bank stability and performance, and on competitive position of the banks vis a vis the FinTech sector. Offering a thorough overview of the issues that banks will have to face as a consequence of pandemic related macroeconomic and industry adjustments, the book will be of interest to scholars, researchers and students of banking and finance as well as banking specialists concerned with the impact of crises on financial markets, risks and resilience.
Book Synopsis How Usable are Capital Buffers? by : Georg Leitner
Download or read book How Usable are Capital Buffers? written by Georg Leitner and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses banks' ability to use capital buffers in the euro area, taking into account overlapping capital requirements between the risk-based capital framework and the leverage ratio capital framework from 2016 to 2022. This analysis is the first to quantify buffer usability in multiple jurisdictions and across various bank types, identify key drivers of buffer usability and assess the impact of various policy measures using longer time series. The paper shows that while both risk-based and leverage frameworks play a key role in enhancing the resilience of the banking system and ensuring financial stability, their simultaneous application creates interactions that may affect the functioning of capital buffers. In this regard, we investigate to what extent banks could have drawn down regulatory capital buffers in the risk-based framework without breaching current leverage ratio requirements, which is in line with the approach to buffer usability taken in ESRB (2021b). We show that buffer usability was partially constrained in the period examined and is expected to remain so under the current regulatory framework and if risk weight densities (RWDs) remain low. This finding indicates that the leverage ratio constitutes an effective backstop to the risk-based framework, both as regards minimum requirements and capital buffers. Limited buffer usability was identified especially for global systemically important institutions (G-SIIs) that rely largely on internal modelling approaches to calculate risk-based capital requirements, leading to comparably low risk weights and making the leverage ratio relatively more binding. Adding to previous contributions, we find that banks' ability to use capital buffers fluctuated over time, generally increasing before 2019 and decreasing after the start of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, with substantial heterogeneity across countries. Furthermore, we provide new insights into the relationship between the RWD of a bank and its buffer usability and find that there is a critical RWD range between 25% and 50% for which buffer usability is limited and very sensitive to RWD changes. Additionally, we perform a counterfactual analysis that investigates how a positive neutral countercyclical capital buffer and leverage ratio buffers would have changed buffer usability over time. Finally, we assess the impact of the implementation of the new Basel capital standards (Basel III) and find that full implementation of Basel III will materially increase the usability of capital buffers for G-SII.
Book Synopsis Managing the Sovereign-Bank Nexus by : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia
Download or read book Managing the Sovereign-Bank Nexus written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews empirical and theoretical work on the links between banks and their governments (the bank-sovereign nexus). How significant is this nexus? What do we know about it? To what extent is it a source of concern? What is the role of policy intervention? The paper concludes with a review of recent policy proposals.
Book Synopsis Measuring Systemic Banking Resilience by : Erik Feyen
Download or read book Measuring Systemic Banking Resilience written by Erik Feyen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reverse stress tests can be a useful tool to evaluate bank resilience to a credit shock, especially in environments where financial data are limited or opaque. This paper develops a simple and transparent country-level banking sector resilience indicator that focuses on tail risks, the Consolidated Distance to Breakpoint. Based on individual bank reverse stress test results, this novel metric quantifies the increase in nonperforming loans needed to deplete capital buffers for a subset of the most fragile banks that collectively represent at least 20 percent of total banking system assets, a level commonly associated with a systemic banking crisis. The paper calculates the Consolidated Distance to Breakpoint using public data for more than 1,500 banks in 59 emerging market and developing economies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper explores the value added of this metric in relation to widely used country-level macro-financial and soundness indicators. The results show that the association of the Consolidated Distance to Breakpoint with these macro-financial and financial soundness indicators is limited. This suggests that this new indicator encapsulates complementary information, possibly because aggregate measures may obscure challenges in individual banks. As such, the Consolidated Distance to Breakpoint metric could serve as a useful input to establish a basic understanding of a banking sector's resilience.
Book Synopsis Bank Solvency and Funding Cost by : Mr.Stefan W. Schmitz
Download or read book Bank Solvency and Funding Cost written by Mr.Stefan W. Schmitz and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents new evidence on the empirical relationship between bank solvency and funding costs. Building on a newly constructed dataset drawing on supervisory data for 54 large banks from six advanced countries over 2004–2013, we use a simultaneous equation approach to estimate the contemporaneous interaction between solvency and liquidity. Our results show that liquidity and solvency interactions can be more material than suggested by the existing empirical literature. A 100 bps increase in regulatory capital ratios is associated with a decrease of bank funding costs of about 105 bps. A 100 bps increase in funding costs reduces regulatory capital buffers by 32 bps. We also find evidence of non-linear effects between solvency and funding costs. Understanding the impact of solvency on funding costs is particularly relevant for stress testing. Our analysis suggests that neglecting the dynamic features of the solvency-liquidity nexus in the 2014 EU-wide stress test could have led to a significant underestimation of the impact of stress on bank capital ratios.
Book Synopsis Macro-Prudential Policies to Mitigate Financial System Vulnerabilities by : Mr.Stijn Claessens
Download or read book Macro-Prudential Policies to Mitigate Financial System Vulnerabilities written by Mr.Stijn Claessens and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macro-prudential policies aimed at mitigating systemic financial risks have become part of the policy toolkit in many emerging markets and some advanced countries. Their effectiveness and efficacy are not well-known, however. Using panel data regressions, we analyze how changes in balance sheets of some 2,800 banks in 48 countries over 2000–2010 respond to specific macro-prudential policies. Controlling for endogeneity, we find that measures aimed at borrowers––caps on debt-to-income and loan-to-value ratios––and at financial institutions––limits on credit growth and foreign currency lending––are effective in reducing asset growth. Countercyclical buffers are little effective through the cycle, and some measures are even counterproductive during downswings, serving to aggravate declines, consistent with the ex-ante nature of macro-prudential tools.
