The Timetree Of Life

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The Timetree of Life

Author : S. Blair Hedges
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019160898X
Total Pages : 1237 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Timetree of Life by : S. Blair Hedges

Download or read book The Timetree of Life written by S. Blair Hedges and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 1237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolutionary history of life includes two primary components: phylogeny and timescale. Phylogeny refers to the branching order (relationships) of species or other taxa within a group and is crucial for understanding the inheritance of traits and for erecting classifications. However, a timescale is equally important because it provides a way to compare phylogeny directly with the evolution of other organisms and with planetary history such as geology, climate, extraterrestrialimpacts, and other features.The Timetree of Life is the first reference book to synthesize the wealth of information relating to the temporal component of phylogenetic trees. In the past, biologists have relied exclusively upon the fossil record to infer an evolutionary timescale. However, recent revolutionary advances in molecular biology have made it possible to not only estimate the relationships of many groups of organisms, but also to estimate their times of divergence with molecular clocks. The routineestimation and utilization of these so-called 'time-trees' could add exciting new dimensions to biology including enhanced opportunities to integrate large molecular data sets with fossil and biogeographic evidence (and thereby foster greater communication between molecular and traditional systematists). Theycould help estimate not only ancestral character states but also evolutionary rates in numerous categories of organismal phenotype; establish more reliable associations between causal historical processes and biological outcomes; develop a universally standardized scheme for biological classifications; and generally promote novel avenues of thought in many arenas of comparative evolutionary biology.This authoritative reference work brings together, for the first time, experts on all major groups of organisms to assemble a timetree of life. The result is a comprehensive resource on evolutionary history which will be an indispensable reference for scientists, educators, and students in the life sciences, earth sciences, and molecular biology. For each major group of organism, a representative is illustrated and a timetree of families and higher taxonomic groups is shown. Basic aspects ofthe evolutionary history of the group, the fossil record, and competing hypotheses of relationships are discussed. Details of the divergence times are presented for each node in the timetree, and primary literature references are included. The book is complemented by an online database(www.timetree.net) which allows researchers to both deposit and retrieve data.

The Timetree of Life

Author : S. Blair Hedges
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191560154
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Timetree of Life by : S. Blair Hedges

Download or read book The Timetree of Life written by S. Blair Hedges and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolutionary history of life includes two primary components: phylogeny and timescale. Phylogeny refers to the branching order (relationships) of species or other taxa within a group and is crucial for understanding the inheritance of traits and for erecting classifications. However, a timescale is equally important because it provides a way to compare phylogeny directly with the evolution of other organisms and with planetary history such as geology, climate, extraterrestrial impacts, and other features. The Timetree of Life is the first reference book to synthesize the wealth of information relating to the temporal component of phylogenetic trees. In the past, biologists have relied exclusively upon the fossil record to infer an evolutionary timescale. However, recent revolutionary advances in molecular biology have made it possible to not only estimate the relationships of many groups of organisms, but also to estimate their times of divergence with molecular clocks. The routine estimation and utilization of these so-called 'time-trees' could add exciting new dimensions to biology including enhanced opportunities to integrate large molecular data sets with fossil and biogeographic evidence (and thereby foster greater communication between molecular and traditional systematists). They could help estimate not only ancestral character states but also evolutionary rates in numerous categories of organismal phenotype; establish more reliable associations between causal historical processes and biological outcomes; develop a universally standardized scheme for biological classifications; and generally promote novel avenues of thought in many arenas of comparative evolutionary biology. This authoritative reference work brings together, for the first time, experts on all major groups of organisms to assemble a timetree of life. The result is a comprehensive resource on evolutionary history which will be an indispensable reference for scientists, educators, and students in the life sciences, earth sciences, and molecular biology. For each major group of organism, a representative is illustrated and a timetree of families and higher taxonomic groups is shown. Basic aspects of the evolutionary history of the group, the fossil record, and competing hypotheses of relationships are discussed. Details of the divergence times are presented for each node in the timetree, and primary literature references are included. The book is complemented by an online database (www.timetree.net) which allows researchers to both deposit and retrieve data.

The Tangled Tree

Author : David Quammen
Publisher : Simon & Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476776636
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tangled Tree by : David Quammen

Download or read book The Tangled Tree written by David Quammen and published by Simon & Schuster. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this New York Times bestseller and longlist nominee for the National Book Award, “our greatest living chronicler of the natural world” (The New York Times), David Quammen explains how recent discoveries in molecular biology affect our understanding of evolution and life’s history. In the mid-1970s, scientists began using DNA sequences to reexamine the history of all life. Perhaps the most startling discovery to come out of this new field—the study of life’s diversity and relatedness at the molecular level—is horizontal gene transfer (HGT), or the movement of genes across species lines. It turns out that HGT has been widespread and important; we now know that roughly eight percent of the human genome arrived sideways by viral infection—a type of HGT. In The Tangled Tree, “the grandest tale in biology….David Quammen presents the science—and the scientists involved—with patience, candor, and flair” (Nature). We learn about the major players, such as Carl Woese, the most important little-known biologist of the twentieth century; Lynn Margulis, the notorious maverick whose wild ideas about “mosaic” creatures proved to be true; and Tsutomu Wantanabe, who discovered that the scourge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a direct result of horizontal gene transfer, bringing the deep study of genome histories to bear on a global crisis in public health. “David Quammen proves to be an immensely well-informed guide to a complex story” (The Wall Street Journal). In The Tangled Tree, he explains how molecular studies of evolution have brought startling recognitions about the tangled tree of life—including where we humans fit upon it. Thanks to new technologies, we now have the ability to alter even our genetic composition—through sideways insertions, as nature has long been doing. “The Tangled Tree is a source of wonder….Quammen has written a deep and daring intellectual adventure” (The Boston Globe).

Tree Thinking: An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology

Author : David A. Baum
Publisher : Roberts
ISBN 13 : 9781936221165
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (211 download)

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Book Synopsis Tree Thinking: An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology by : David A. Baum

Download or read book Tree Thinking: An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology written by David A. Baum and published by Roberts. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Baum and Smith, both professors evolutionary biology and researchers in the field of systematics, present this highly accessible introduction to phylogenetics and its importance in modern biology. Ever since Darwin, the evolutionary histories of organisms have been portrayed in the form of branching trees or “phylogenies.” However, the broad significance of the phylogenetic trees has come to be appreciated only quite recently. Phylogenetics has myriad applications in biology, from discovering the features present in ancestral organisms, to finding the sources of invasive species and infectious diseases, to identifying our closest living (and extinct) hominid relatives. Taking a conceptual approach, Tree Thinking introduces readers to the interpretation of phylogenetic trees, how these trees can be reconstructed, and how they can be used to answer biological questions. Examples and vivid metaphors are incorporated throughout, and each chapter concludes with a set of problems, valuable for both students and teachers. Tree Thinking is must-have textbook for any student seeking a solid foundation in this fundamental area of evolutionary biology.

The Time Tree

Author : Enid Richemont
Publisher : Walker Books Limited
ISBN 13 : 9780744560725
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (67 download)

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Book Synopsis The Time Tree by : Enid Richemont

Download or read book The Time Tree written by Enid Richemont and published by Walker Books Limited. This book was released on 1998 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ginkgo

Author : Peter Crane
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300190476
Total Pages : 689 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Ginkgo by : Peter Crane

Download or read book Ginkgo written by Peter Crane and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVPerhaps the world’s most distinctive tree, ginkgo has remained stubbornly unchanged for more than two hundred million years. A living link to the age of dinosaurs, it survived the great ice ages as a relic in China, but it earned its reprieve when people first found it useful about a thousand years ago. Today ginkgo is beloved for the elegance of its leaves, prized for its edible nuts, and revered for its longevity. This engaging book tells the full and fascinating story of a tree that people saved from extinction—a story that offers hope for other botanical biographies that are still being written./divDIV /divDIVInspired by the historic ginkgo that has thrived in London’s Kew Gardens since the 1760s, renowned botanist Peter Crane explores the evolutionary history of the species from its mysterious origin through its proliferation, drastic decline, and ultimate resurgence. Crane also highlights the cultural and social significance of the ginkgo: its medicinal and nutritional uses, its power as a source of artistic and religious inspiration, and its importance as one of the world’s most popular street trees. Readers of this extraordinarily interesting book will be drawn to the nearest ginkgo, where they can experience firsthand the timeless beauty of the oldest tree on Earth./div

Tree: A Peek-Through Picture Book

Author : Britta Teckentrup
Publisher : Doubleday Books for Young Readers
ISBN 13 : 1101932422
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Tree: A Peek-Through Picture Book by : Britta Teckentrup

Download or read book Tree: A Peek-Through Picture Book written by Britta Teckentrup and published by Doubleday Books for Young Readers. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Watch the tree change with the seasons as each page is turned in this beautiful and educational picture book for curious young minds. New York Public Library’s 100 Best Books for Kids 2016 Through a hole in the book’s cover, an owl invites you inside to meet a majestic tree and all its forest inhabitants during the changing seasons. With clever peekaboo holes throughout, each page reveals a new set of animals playing and living in the tree—baby bears frolicking in the spring, bees buzzing around apples in the summer, squirrels storing nuts in the fall, and finally the lone owl keeping warm during the winter chill—until another year begins. . . . Children will love seeing a new set of animals appear and then disappear as each page is turned, and along the way they’ll learn about the seasons and how a forest and its inhabitants change throughout the year. Look for all the books in the Peek-Through Picture Book series: Tree, Bee, Ocean, Moon, and Home.

Tap the Magic Tree Board Book

Author : Christie Matheson
Publisher : Greenwillow Books
ISBN 13 : 9780062274465
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Tap the Magic Tree Board Book by : Christie Matheson

Download or read book Tap the Magic Tree Board Book written by Christie Matheson and published by Greenwillow Books. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acclaimed interactive picture book about the changing seasons. “Like Hervé Tullet’s Press Here, Matheson’s Tap the Magic Tree proves you don’t need apps for interactivity,” praised the New York Times. This board book edition is perfect for little hands. Every book needs you to turn the pages. But not every book needs you to tap it, shake it, jiggle it, or even blow it a kiss. Innovative and timeless, Tap the Magic Tree asks you to help one lonely tree change with the seasons. Now that’s interactive—and magical! It begins with a bare brown tree. But tap that tree, turn the page, and one bright green leaf has sprouted! Tap again—one, two, three, four—and four more leaves have grown on the next page. Pat, clap, wiggle, jiggle, and see blossoms bloom, apples grow, and the leaves swirl away with the autumn breeze. The collage-and-watercolor art evokes the bright simplicity of Lois Ehlert and Eric Carle and the interactive concept will delight fans of Pat the Bunny. Combining a playful spirit and a sense of wonder about nature, Christie Matheson has created a new modern classic that is a winner in every season—and every story time! And don't miss the follow-up, Touch the Brightest Star!

A Tree of Life

Author : Louis Jacobs
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1909821403
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis A Tree of Life by : Louis Jacobs

Download or read book A Tree of Life written by Louis Jacobs and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 1982-09-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study of how the Halakhah (the Jewish legal system) embraces each of life's situations, the author demonstrates that the Halakhists, influenced by their diverse cultural backgrounds, sought throughout the ages to maintain the flexibility of the law.

How I Became a Tree

Author : Sumana Roy
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 030026268X
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis How I Became a Tree by : Sumana Roy

Download or read book How I Became a Tree written by Sumana Roy and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exquisite, lovingly crafted meditation on plants, trees, and our place in the natural world, in the tradition of Robin Wall Kimmerer’s Braiding Sweetgrass and Annie Dillard’s Pilgrim at Tinker Creek “I was tired of speed. I wanted to live tree time.” So writes Sumana Roy at the start of How I Became a Tree, her captivating, adventurous, and self-reflective vision of what it means to be human in the natural world. Drawn to trees’ wisdom, their nonviolent way of being, their ability to cope with loneliness and pain, Roy movingly explores the lessons that writers, painters, photographers, scientists, and spiritual figures have gleaned through their engagement with trees—from Rabindranath Tagore to Tomas Tranströmer, Ovid to Octavio Paz, William Shakespeare to Margaret Atwood. Her stunning meditations on forests, plant life, time, self, and the exhaustion of being human evoke the spacious, relaxed rhythms of the trees themselves. Hailed upon its original publication in India as “a love song to plants and trees” and “an ode toall that is unnoticed, ill, neglected, and yet resilient,” How I Became a Tree blends literary history, theology, philosophy, botany, and more, and ultimately prompts readers to slow down and to imagine a reenchanted world in which humans live more like trees.

The Time Tree

Author : Hữu Thỉnh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Time Tree by : Hữu Thỉnh

Download or read book The Time Tree written by Hữu Thỉnh and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Time Tree is a collection of poems by Hữu Thỉnh, a poet born into poverty and tempered in the crucible of war, who devoted himself to rigorous study to become one of the leading intellectuals and poets of Vietnam.

Speak: The Graphic Novel

Author : Laurie Halse Anderson
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux (BYR)
ISBN 13 : 1466897872
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Speak: The Graphic Novel by : Laurie Halse Anderson

Download or read book Speak: The Graphic Novel written by Laurie Halse Anderson and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux (BYR). This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critically acclaimed, award-winning, modern classic Speak is now a stunning graphic novel. "Speak up for yourself—we want to know what you have to say." From the first moment of her freshman year at Merryweather High, Melinda knows this is a big fat lie, part of the nonsense of high school. She is friendless—an outcast—because she busted an end-of-summer party by calling the cops, so now nobody will talk to her, let alone listen to her. Through her work on an art project, she is finally able to face what really happened that night: She was raped by an upperclassman, a guy who still attends Merryweather and is still a threat to her. With powerful illustrations by Emily Carroll, Laurie Halse Anderson's Speak: The Graphic Novel comes alive for new audiences and fans of the classic novel. This title has Common Core connections.

Evolution and Development of Fishes

Author : Zerina Johanson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107179440
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution and Development of Fishes by : Zerina Johanson

Download or read book Evolution and Development of Fishes written by Zerina Johanson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World-class palaeontologists and biologists summarise the state-of-the-art on fish evolution and development.

The Molecular Evolutionary Clock

Author : Simon Y. W. Ho
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030601811
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis The Molecular Evolutionary Clock by : Simon Y. W. Ho

Download or read book The Molecular Evolutionary Clock written by Simon Y. W. Ho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents coverage of the principles and practice of molecular clocks, which have provided fascinating and unprecedented insights into the evolutionary timescale of life on earth. It begins by following the early development of the molecular evolutionary clock in the 1960s, and leads to the complex statistical approaches that are now used to analyse genome sequences. The chapters of this book have been contributed by leading experts in the field and address the important issues of evolutionary rates, molecular dating, and phylogenomic analysis. This is the first time that these different aspects of the molecular clock have been brought together in a single, comprehensive volume. It is an invaluable reference for students and researchers interested in evolutionary biology, genetic analysis, and genomic evolution.

Phylogenetic Diversity

Author : Rosa A. Scherson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319931458
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Diversity by : Rosa A. Scherson

Download or read book Phylogenetic Diversity written by Rosa A. Scherson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Biodiversity” refers to the variety of life. It is now agreed that there is a “biodiversity crisis”, corresponding to extinction rates of species that may be 1000 times what is thought to be “normal”. Biodiversity science has a higher profile than ever, with the new Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services involving more than 120 countries and 1000s of scientists. At the same time, the discipline is re-evaluating its foundations – including its philosophy and even core definitions. The value of biodiversity is being debated. In this context, the tree of life (“phylogeny”) is emerging as an important way to look at biodiversity, with relevance cutting across current areas of concern – from the question of resilience within ecosystems, to conservation priorities for globally threatened species – while capturing the values of biodiversity that have been hard to quantify, including resilience and maintaining options for future generations. This increased appreciation of the importance of conserving “phylogenetic diversity”, from microbial communities in the human gut to global threatened species, has inevitably resulted in an explosion of new indices, methods, and case studies. This book recognizes and responds to the timely opportunity for synthesis and sharing experiences in practical applications. The book recognizes that the challenge of finding a synthesis, and building shared concepts and a shared toolbox, requires both an appreciation of the past and a look into the future. Thus, the book is organized as a flow from history, concepts and philosophy, through to methods and tools, and followed by selected case studies. A positive vision and plan of action emerges from these chapters, that includes coping with inevitable uncertainties, effectively communicating the importance of this “evolutionary heritage” to the public and to policy-makers, and ultimately contributing to biodiversity conservation policy from local to global scales.

Operation Wandering Soul

Author : Richard Powers
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 0063119439
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis Operation Wandering Soul by : Richard Powers

Download or read book Operation Wandering Soul written by Richard Powers and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National Book Award Finalist From the Pulitzer Prize–winning author of The Overstory and the forthcoming Bewilderment, an exquisitely rendered novel set in the pediatrics ward of a public hospital that examines the power, joy, and anguish of storytelling. “If you have children or will have children, if you know children or can remember being a child, dare to read Operation Wandering Soul. . . [it] is bedtime reading for the future.” —USA Today In the pediatrics ward of a public hospital in the heart of Los Angeles, a group of sick children is gathering. Surrogate parents to this band of stray kids, resident Richard Kraft and therapist Linda Espera are charged with keeping the group alive on make-believe alone. Determined to give hope where there is none, the adults spin a desperate anthology of stories that promise restoration and escape. But the inevitable is foreshadowed in the faces they’ve grown to love, and ultimately Richard and Linda must return to forgotten chapters in their own lives in order to make sense of the conclusion drawing near.

Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R

Author : Liam J. Revell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691219044
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R by : Liam J. Revell

Download or read book Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R written by Liam J. Revell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative introduction to the latest comparative methods in evolutionary biology Phylogenetic comparative methods are a suite of statistical approaches that enable biologists to analyze and better understand the evolutionary tree of life, and shed vital new light on patterns of divergence and common ancestry among all species on Earth. This textbook shows how to carry out phylogenetic comparative analyses in the R statistical computing environment. Liam Revell and Luke Harmon provide an incisive conceptual overview of each method along with worked examples using real data and challenge problems that encourage students to learn by doing. By working through this book, students will gain a solid foundation in these methods and develop the skills they need to interpret patterns in the tree of life. Covers every major method of modern phylogenetic comparative analysis in R Explains the basics of R and discusses topics such as trait evolution, diversification, trait-dependent diversification, biogeography, and visualization Features a wealth of exercises and challenge problems Serves as an invaluable resource for students and researchers, with applications in ecology, evolution, anthropology, disease transmission, conservation biology, and a host of other areas Written by two of today’s leading developers of phylogenetic comparative methods