The Structure And Properties Of Color Spaces And The Representation Of Color Images

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The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images

Author : Eric Dubois
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022467
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images by : Eric Dubois

Download or read book The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images written by Eric Dubois and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lecture describes the author's approach to the representation of color spaces and their use for color image processing. The lecture starts with a precise formulation of the space of physical stimuli (light). The model includes both continuous spectra and monochromatic spectra in the form of Dirac deltas. The spectral densities are considered to be functions of a continuous wavelength variable. This leads into the formulation of color space as a three-dimensional vector space, with all the associated structure. The approach is to start with the axioms of color matching for normal human viewers, often called Grassmann's laws, and developing the resulting vector space formulation. However, once the essential defining element of this vector space is identified, it can be extended to other color spaces, perhaps for different creatures and devices, and dimensions other than three. The CIE spaces are presented as main examples of color spaces. Many properties of the color space are examined. Once the vector space formulation is established, various useful decompositions of the space can be established. The first such decomposition is based on luminance, a measure of the relative brightness of a color. This leads to a direct-sum decomposition of color space where a two-dimensional subspace identifies the chromatic attribute, and a third coordinate provides the luminance. A different decomposition involving a projective space of chromaticity classes is then presented. Finally, it is shown how the three types of color deficiencies present in some groups of humans leads to a direct-sum decomposition of three one-dimensional subspaces that are associated with the three types of cone photoreceptors in the human retina. Next, a few specific linear and nonlinear color representations are presented. The color spaces of two digital cameras are also described. Then the issue of transformations between different color spaces is addressed. Finally, these ideas are applied to signal and system theory for color images. This is done using a vector signal approach where a general linear system is represented by a three-by-three system matrix. The formulation is applied to both continuous and discrete space images, and specific problems in color filter array sampling and displays are presented for illustration. The book is mainly targeted to researchers and graduate students in fields of signal processing related to any aspect of color imaging.

OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook

Author : Robert Laganiere
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1786469111
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook by : Robert Laganiere

Download or read book OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook written by Robert Laganiere and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recipes to help you build computer vision applications that make the most of the popular C++ library OpenCV 3 About This Book Written to the latest, gold-standard specification of OpenCV 3 Master OpenCV, the open source library of the computer vision community Master fundamental concepts in computer vision and image processing Learn about the important classes and functions of OpenCV with complete working examples applied to real images Who This Book Is For OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook Third Edition is appropriate for novice C++ programmers who want to learn how to use the OpenCV library to build computer vision applications. It is also suitable for professional software developers who wish to be introduced to the concepts of computer vision programming. It can also be used as a companion book for university-level computer vision courses. It constitutes an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in image processing and computer vision. What You Will Learn Install and create a program using the OpenCV library Process an image by manipulating its pixels Analyze an image using histograms Segment images into homogenous regions and extract meaningful objects Apply image filters to enhance image content Exploit the image geometry in order to relay different views of a pictured scene Calibrate the camera from different image observations Detect people and objects in images using machine learning techniques Reconstruct a 3D scene from images In Detail Making your applications see has never been easier with OpenCV. With it, you can teach your robot how to follow your cat, write a program to correctly identify the members of One Direction, or even help you find the right colors for your redecoration. OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook Third Edition provides a complete introduction to the OpenCV library and explains how to build your first computer vision program. You will be presented with a variety of computer vision algorithms and exposed to important concepts in image and video analysis that will enable you to build your own computer vision applications. This book helps you to get started with the library, and shows you how to install and deploy the OpenCV library to write effective computer vision applications following good programming practices. You will learn how to read and write images and manipulate their pixels. Different techniques for image enhancement and shape analysis will be presented. You will learn how to detect specific image features such as lines, circles or corners. You will be introduced to the concepts of mathematical morphology and image filtering. The most recent methods for image matching and object recognition are described, and you'll discover how to process video from files or cameras, as well as how to detect and track moving objects. Techniques to achieve camera calibration and perform multiple-view analysis will also be explained. Finally, you'll also get acquainted with recent approaches in machine learning and object classification. Style and approach This book will arm you with the basics you need to start writing world-aware applications right from a pixel level all the way through to processing video sequences.

OpenCV 4 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook

Author : David Millán Escrivá
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1789345286
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis OpenCV 4 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook by : David Millán Escrivá

Download or read book OpenCV 4 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook written by David Millán Escrivá and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover interesting recipes to help you understand the concepts of object detection, image processing, and facial detection Key FeaturesExplore the latest features and APIs in OpenCV 4 and build computer vision algorithmsDevelop effective, robust, and fail-safe vision for your applicationsBuild computer vision algorithms with machine learning capabilitiesBook Description OpenCV is an image and video processing library used for all types of image and video analysis. Throughout the book, you'll work through recipes that implement a variety of tasks, such as facial recognition and detection. With 70 self-contained tutorials, this book examines common pain points and best practices for computer vision (CV) developers. Each recipe addresses a specific problem and offers a proven, best-practice solution with insights into how it works, so that you can copy the code and configuration files and modify them to suit your needs. This book begins by setting up OpenCV, and explains how to manipulate pixels. You'll understand how you can process images with classes and count pixels with histograms. You'll also learn detecting, describing, and matching interest points. As you advance through the chapters, you'll get to grips with estimating projective relations in images, reconstructing 3D scenes, processing video sequences, and tracking visual motion. In the final chapters, you'll cover deep learning concepts such as face and object detection. By the end of the book, you'll be able to confidently implement a range to computer vision algorithms to meet the technical requirements of your complex CV projects What you will learnInstall and create a program using the OpenCV librarySegment images into homogenous regions and extract meaningful objectsApply image filters to enhance image contentExploit image geometry to relay different views of a pictured sceneCalibrate the camera from different image observationsDetect people and objects in images using machine learning techniquesReconstruct a 3D scene from imagesExplore face detection using deep learningWho this book is for If you’re a CV developer or professional who already uses or would like to use OpenCV for building computer vision software, this book is for you. You’ll also find this book useful if you’re a C++ programmer looking to extend your computer vision skillset by learning OpenCV.

OpenCV Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook Second Edition

Author : Robert Laganière
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 178216149X
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis OpenCV Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook Second Edition by : Robert Laganière

Download or read book OpenCV Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook Second Edition written by Robert Laganière and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OpenCV 3 Computer Vision Application Programming Cookbook is appropriate for novice C++ programmers who want to learn how to use the OpenCV library to build computer vision applications. It is also suitable for professional software developers wishing to be introduced to the concepts of computer vision programming. It can also be used as a companion book in a university-level computer vision courses. It constitutes an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in image processing and computer vision.

The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images

Author : Eric Dubois
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1598292323
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (982 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images by : Eric Dubois

Download or read book The Structure and Properties of Color Spaces and the Representation of Color Images written by Eric Dubois and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lecture describes the author's approach to the representation of color spaces and their use for color image processing. The lecture starts with a precise formulation of the space of physical stimuli (light). The model includes both continuous spectra and monochromatic spectra in the form of Dirac deltas. The spectral densities are considered to be functions of a continuous wavelength variable. This leads into the formulation of color space as a three-dimensional vector space, with all the associated structure. The approach is to start with the axioms of color matching for normal human viewers, often called Grassmann's laws, and developing the resulting vector space formulation. However, once the essential defining element of this vector space is identified, it can be extended to other color spaces, perhaps for different creatures and devices, and dimensions other than three. The CIE spaces are presented as main examples of color spaces. Many properties of the color space are examined. Once the vector space formulation is established, various useful decompositions of the space can be established. The first such decomposition is based on luminance, a measure of the relative brightness of a color. This leads to a direct-sum decomposition of color space where a two-dimensional subspace identifies the chromatic attribute, and a third coordinate provides the luminance. A different decomposition involving a projective space of chromaticity classes is then presented. Finally, it is shown how the three types of color deficiencies present in some groups of humans leads to a direct-sum decomposition of three one-dimensional subspaces that are associated with the three types of cone photoreceptors in the human retina. Next, a few specific linear and nonlinear color representations are presented. The color spaces of two digital cameras are also described. Then the issue of transformations between \emph{different} color spaces is addressed. Finally, these ideas are applied to signal and system theory for color images. This is done using a vector signal approach where a general linear system is represented by a three-by-three system matrix. The formulation is applied to both continuous and discrete space images, and specific problems in color filter array sampling and displays are presented for illustration. The book is mainly targeted to researchers and graduate students in fields of signal processing related to any aspect of color imaging. Table of Contents: Introduction / Light: The Physical Color Stimulus / The Color Vector Space / Subspaces and Decompositions of the Human Color Space / Various Color Spaces, Representations, and Transformations / Signals and Systems Theory / Concluding Remarks

Multidimensional Signal and Color Image Processing Using Lattices

Author : Eric Dubois
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119111749
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Multidimensional Signal and Color Image Processing Using Lattices by : Eric Dubois

Download or read book Multidimensional Signal and Color Image Processing Using Lattices written by Eric Dubois and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Innovative Approach to Multidimensional Signals and Systems Theory for Image and Video Processing In this volume, Eric Dubois further develops the theory of multi-D signal processing wherein input and output are vector-value signals. With this framework, he introduces the reader to crucial concepts in signal processing such as continuous- and discrete-domain signals and systems, discrete-domain periodic signals, sampling and reconstruction, light and color, random field models, image representation and more. While most treatments use normalized representations for non-rectangular sampling, this approach obscures much of the geometrical and scale information of the signal. In contrast, Dr. Dubois uses actual units of space-time and frequency. Basis-independent representations appear as much as possible, and the basis is introduced where needed to perform calculations or implementations. Thus, lattice theory is developed from the beginning and rectangular sampling is treated as a special case. This is especially significant in the treatment of color and color image processing and for discrete transform representations based on symmetry groups, including fast computational algorithms. Other features include: An entire chapter on lattices, giving the reader a thorough grounding in the use of lattices in signal processing Extensive treatment of lattices as used to describe discrete-domain signals and signal periodicities Chapters on sampling and reconstruction, random field models, symmetry invariant signals and systems and multidimensional Fourier transformation properties Supplemented throughout with MATLAB examples and accompanying downloadable source code Graduate and doctoral students as well as senior undergraduates and professionals working in signal processing or video/image processing and imaging will appreciate this fresh approach to multidimensional signals and systems theory, both as a thorough introduction to the subject and as inspiration for future research.

Multidimensional Signal, Image, and Video Processing and Coding

Author : John W. Woods
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123814200
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Multidimensional Signal, Image, and Video Processing and Coding by : John W. Woods

Download or read book Multidimensional Signal, Image, and Video Processing and Coding written by John W. Woods and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and expanded edition gives readers the necessary understanding of image and video processing concepts to contribute to this hot technology's future advances. Important new topics include introductory random processes, image enhancement and analysis, and the new MPEG scalable video coding standard.

Image Understanding using Sparse Representations

Author : Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022505
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Image Understanding using Sparse Representations by : Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan

Download or read book Image Understanding using Sparse Representations written by Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image understanding has been playing an increasingly crucial role in several inverse problems and computer vision. Sparse models form an important component in image understanding, since they emulate the activity of neural receptors in the primary visual cortex of the human brain. Sparse methods have been utilized in several learning problems because of their ability to provide parsimonious, interpretable, and efficient models. Exploiting the sparsity of natural signals has led to advances in several application areas including image compression, denoising, inpainting, compressed sensing, blind source separation, super-resolution, and classification. The primary goal of this book is to present the theory and algorithmic considerations in using sparse models for image understanding and computer vision applications. To this end, algorithms for obtaining sparse representations and their performance guarantees are discussed in the initial chapters. Furthermore, approaches for designing overcomplete, data-adapted dictionaries to model natural images are described. The development of theory behind dictionary learning involves exploring its connection to unsupervised clustering and analyzing its generalization characteristics using principles from statistical learning theory. An exciting application area that has benefited extensively from the theory of sparse representations is compressed sensing of image and video data. Theory and algorithms pertinent to measurement design, recovery, and model-based compressed sensing are presented. The paradigm of sparse models, when suitably integrated with powerful machine learning frameworks, can lead to advances in computer vision applications such as object recognition, clustering, segmentation, and activity recognition. Frameworks that enhance the performance of sparse models in such applications by imposing constraints based on the prior discriminatory information and the underlying geometrical structure, and kernelizing the sparse coding and dictionary learning methods are presented. In addition to presenting theoretical fundamentals in sparse learning, this book provides a platform for interested readers to explore the vastly growing application domains of sparse representations.

Foundations of Colour Science

Author : Alexander D. Logvinenko
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119885914
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundations of Colour Science by : Alexander D. Logvinenko

Download or read book Foundations of Colour Science written by Alexander D. Logvinenko and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-26 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the science of colour from new perspectives and outlines results obtained from the authors’ work in the mathematical theory of colour This innovative volume summarizes existing knowledge in the field, attempting to present as much data as possible about colour, accumulated in various branches of science (physics, phychophysics, colorimetry, physiology) from a unified theoretical position. Written by a colour specialist and a professional mathematician, the book offers a new theoretical framework based on functional analysis and convex analysis. Employing these branches of mathematics, instead of more conventional linear algebra, allows them to provide the knowledge required for developing techniques to measure colour appearance to the standards adopted in colorimetric measurements. The authors describe the mathematics in a language that is understandable for colour specialists and include a detailed overview of all chapters to help readers not familiar with colour science. Divided into two parts, the book first covers various key aspects of light colour, such as colour stimulus space, colour mechanisms, colour detection and discrimination, light-colour perception typology, and light metamerism. The second part focuses on object colour, featuring detailed coverage of object-colour perception in single- and multiple-illuminant scenes, object-colour solid, colour constancy, metamer mismatching, object-colour indeterminacy and more. Throughout the book, the authors combine differential geometry and topology with the scientific principles on which colour measurement and specification are currently based and applied in industrial applications. Presents a unique compilation of the author’s substantial contributions to colour science Offers a new approach to colour perception and measurement, developing the theoretical framework used in colorimetry Bridges the gap between colour engineering and a coherent mathematical theory of colour Outlines mathematical foundations applicable to the colour vision of humans and animals as well as technologies equipped with artificial photosensors Contains algorithms for solving various problems in colour science, such as the mathematical problem of describing metameric lights Formulates all results to be accessible to non-mathematicians and colour specialists Foundations of Colour Science: From Colorimetry to Perception is an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, industry professionals and undergraduate and graduate students with interest in a mathematical approach to the science of colour.

Remote Sensing Image Processing

Author : Gustavo Camps-Valls
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022475
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing Image Processing by : Gustavo Camps-Valls

Download or read book Remote Sensing Image Processing written by Gustavo Camps-Valls and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth observation is the field of science concerned with the problem of monitoring and modeling the processes on the Earth surface and their interaction with the atmosphere. The Earth is continuously monitored with advanced optical and radar sensors. The images are analyzed and processed to deliver useful products to individual users, agencies and public administrations. To deal with these problems, remote sensing image processing is nowadays a mature research area, and the techniques developed in the field allow many real-life applications with great societal value. For instance, urban monitoring, fire detection or flood prediction can have a great impact on economical and environmental issues. To attain such objectives, the remote sensing community has turned into a multidisciplinary field of science that embraces physics, signal theory, computer science, electronics and communications. From a machine learning and signal/image processing point of view, all the applications are tackled under specific formalisms, such as classification and clustering, regression and function approximation, data coding, restoration and enhancement, source unmixing, data fusion or feature selection and extraction. This book covers some of the fields in a comprehensive way. Table of Contents: Remote Sensing from Earth Observation Satellites / The Statistics of Remote Sensing Images / Remote Sensing Feature Selection and Extraction / Classification / Spectral Mixture Analysis / Estimation of Physical Parameters

Image Fusion in Remote Sensing

Author : Arian Azarang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022564
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Image Fusion in Remote Sensing by : Arian Azarang

Download or read book Image Fusion in Remote Sensing written by Arian Azarang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image fusion in remote sensing or pansharpening involves fusing spatial (panchromatic) and spectral (multispectral) images that are captured by different sensors on satellites. This book addresses image fusion approaches for remote sensing applications. Both conventional and deep learning approaches are covered. First, the conventional approaches to image fusion in remote sensing are discussed. These approaches include component substitution, multi-resolution, and model-based algorithms. Then, the recently developed deep learning approaches involving single-objective and multi-objective loss functions are discussed. Experimental results are provided comparing conventional and deep learning approaches in terms of both low-resolution and full-resolution objective metrics that are commonly used in remote sensing. The book is concluded by stating anticipated future trends in pansharpening or image fusion in remote sensing.

Wavelet Image Compression

Author : William Pearlman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022483
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Wavelet Image Compression by : William Pearlman

Download or read book Wavelet Image Compression written by William Pearlman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the stages necessary to create a wavelet compression system for images and describes state-of-the-art systems used in image compression standards and current research. It starts with a high level discussion of the properties of the wavelet transform, especially the decomposition into multi-resolution subbands. It continues with an exposition of the null-zone, uniform quantization used in most subband coding systems and the optimal allocation of bitrate to the different subbands. Then the image compression systems of the FBI Fingerprint Compression Standard and the JPEG2000 Standard are described in detail. Following that, the set partitioning coders SPECK and SPIHT, and EZW are explained in detail and compared via a fictitious wavelet transform in actions and number of bits coded in a single pass in the top bit plane. The presentation teaches that, besides producing efficient compression, these coding systems, except for the FBI Standard, are capable of writing bit streams that have attributes of rate scalability, resolution scalability, and random access decoding. Many diagrams and tables accompany the text to aid understanding. The book is generous in pointing out references and resources to help the reader who wishes to expand his knowledge, know the origins of the methods, or find resources for running the various algorithms or building his own coding system. Table of Contents: Introduction / Characteristics of the Wavelet Transform / Generic Wavelet-based Coding Systems / The FBI Fingerprint Image Compression Standard / Set Partition Embedded Block (SPECK) Coding / Tree-based Wavelet Transform Coding Systems / Rate Control for Embedded Block Coders / Conclusion

Combating Bad Weather Part II

Author : Sudipta Mukhopadhyay
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022521
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Bad Weather Part II by : Sudipta Mukhopadhyay

Download or read book Combating Bad Weather Part II written by Sudipta Mukhopadhyay and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year lives and properties are lost in road accidents. About one-fourth of these accidents are due to low vision in foggy weather. At present, there is no algorithm that is specifically designed for the removal of fog from videos. Application of a single-image fog removal algorithm over each video frame is a time-consuming and costly affair. It is demonstrated that with the intelligent use of temporal redundancy, fog removal algorithms designed for a single image can be extended to the real-time video application. Results confirm that the presented framework used for the extension of the fog removal algorithms for images to videos can reduce the complexity to a great extent with no loss of perceptual quality. This paves the way for the real-life application of the video fog removal algorithm. In order to remove fog, an efficient fog removal algorithm using anisotropic diffusion is developed. The presented fog removal algorithm uses new dark channel assumption and anisotropic diffusion for the initialization and refinement of the airlight map, respectively. Use of anisotropic diffusion helps to estimate the better airlight map estimation. The said fog removal algorithm requires a single image captured by uncalibrated camera system. The anisotropic diffusion-based fog removal algorithm can be applied in both RGB and HSI color space. This book shows that the use of HSI color space reduces the complexity further. The said fog removal algorithm requires pre- and post-processing steps for the better restoration of the foggy image. These pre- and post-processing steps have either data-driven or constant parameters that avoid the user intervention. Presented fog removal algorithm is independent of the intensity of the fog, thus even in the case of the heavy fog presented algorithm performs well. Qualitative and quantitative results confirm that the presented fog removal algorithm outperformed previous algorithms in terms of perceptual quality, color fidelity and execution time. The work presented in this book can find wide application in entertainment industries, transportation, tracking and consumer electronics.

Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments in 10 Lectures

Author : Stanislav Stanković
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022548
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments in 10 Lectures by : Stanislav Stanković

Download or read book Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments in 10 Lectures written by Stanislav Stanković and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is based on the material originally developed for the course on Virtual Reality, which the author was teaching at Tampere University of Technology, as well as course on Virtual Environments that the author had prepared for the University for Advancing Studies at Tempe, Arizona. This original purpose has influenced the structure of this book as well as the depth to which we explore the presented concepts. Therefore, our intention in this book is to give an introduction into the important issues regarding a series of related concepts of Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Virtual Environments. We do not attempt to go into any of these issues in depth but rather outline general principles and discuss them in a sense broad enough to provide sufficient foundations for a further study. In other words, we aim to provide a set of keywords to the reader in order give him a good starting point from which he could go on and explore any of these issues in detail. Table of Contents: Preface / Acknowledgments / Lecture 1--Introduction / Lecture 2--History of VR and Current Applications / Lecture 3--Human Senses / Lecture 4--VR Systems / Lecture 5--User Experience, Human Computer Interaction and UI / Lecture 6--Input Devices and Tracking / Lecture 7--Displays / Lecture 8--Networked VR / Lecture 9--Augmented Reality / Lecture 10--VE and Video Games / Bibliography / Author's Biography / Index

Dictionary Learning in Visual Computing

Author : Qiang Zhang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303102253X
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Dictionary Learning in Visual Computing by : Qiang Zhang

Download or read book Dictionary Learning in Visual Computing written by Qiang Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last few years have witnessed fast development on dictionary learning approaches for a set of visual computing tasks, largely due to their utilization in developing new techniques based on sparse representation. Compared with conventional techniques employing manually defined dictionaries, such as Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform, dictionary learning aims at obtaining a dictionary adaptively from the data so as to support optimal sparse representation of the data. In contrast to conventional clustering algorithms like K-means, where a data point is associated with only one cluster center, in a dictionary-based representation, a data point can be associated with a small set of dictionary atoms. Thus, dictionary learning provides a more flexible representation of data and may have the potential to capture more relevant features from the original feature space of the data. One of the early algorithms for dictionary learning is K-SVD. In recent years, many variations/extensions of K-SVD and other new algorithms have been proposed, with some aiming at adding discriminative capability to the dictionary, and some attempting to model the relationship of multiple dictionaries. One prominent application of dictionary learning is in the general field of visual computing, where long-standing challenges have seen promising new solutions based on sparse representation with learned dictionaries. With a timely review of recent advances of dictionary learning in visual computing, covering the most recent literature with an emphasis on papers after 2008, this book provides a systematic presentation of the general methodologies, specific algorithms, and examples of applications for those who wish to have a quick start on this subject.

Multimodal Learning toward Micro-Video Understanding

Author : Liqiang Nie
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031022556
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Multimodal Learning toward Micro-Video Understanding by : Liqiang Nie

Download or read book Multimodal Learning toward Micro-Video Understanding written by Liqiang Nie and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro-videos, a new form of user-generated contents, have been spreading widely across various social platforms, such as Vine, Kuaishou, and Tik Tok. Different from traditional long videos, micro-videos are usually recorded by smart mobile devices at any place within a few seconds. Due to its brevity and low bandwidth cost, micro-videos are gaining increasing user enthusiasm. The blossoming of micro-videos opens the door to the possibility of many promising applications, ranging from network content caching to online advertising. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop an effective scheme for the high-order micro-video understanding. Micro-video understanding is, however, non-trivial due to the following challenges: (1) how to represent micro-videos that only convey one or few high-level themes or concepts; (2) how to utilize the hierarchical structure of the venue categories to guide the micro-video analysis; (3) how to alleviate the influence of low-quality caused by complex surrounding environments and the camera shake; (4) how to model the multimodal sequential data, {i.e.}, textual, acoustic, visual, and social modalities, to enhance the micro-video understanding; and (5) how to construct large-scale benchmark datasets for the analysis? These challenges have been largely unexplored to date. In this book, we focus on addressing the challenges presented above by proposing some state-of-the-art multimodal learning theories. To demonstrate the effectiveness of these models, we apply them to three practical tasks of micro-video understanding: popularity prediction, venue category estimation, and micro-video routing. Particularly, we first build three large-scale real-world micro-video datasets for these practical tasks. We then present a multimodal transductive learning framework for micro-video popularity prediction. Furthermore, we introduce several multimodal cooperative learning approaches and a multimodal transfer learning scheme for micro-video venue category estimation. Meanwhile, we develop a multimodal sequential learning approach for micro-video recommendation. Finally, we conclude the book and figure out the future research directions in multimodal learning toward micro-video understanding.

Combating Bad Weather Part I

Author : Sudipta Mukhopadhyay
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1627055770
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Bad Weather Part I by : Sudipta Mukhopadhyay

Download or read book Combating Bad Weather Part I written by Sudipta Mukhopadhyay and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2014-12-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current vision systems are designed to perform in normal weather condition. However, no one can escape from severe weather conditions. Bad weather reduces scene contrast and visibility, which results in degradation in the performance of various computer vision algorithms such as object tracking, segmentation and recognition. Thus, current vision systems must include some mechanisms that enable them to perform up to the mark in bad weather conditions such as rain and fog. Rain causes the spatial and temporal intensity variations in images or video frames. These intensity changes are due to the random distribution and high velocities of the raindrops. Fog causes low contrast and whiteness in the image and leads to a shift in the color. This book has studied rain and fog from the perspective of vision. The book has two main goals: 1) removal of rain from videos captured by a moving and static camera, 2) removal of the fog from images and videos captured by a moving single uncalibrated camera system. The book begins with a literature survey. Pros and cons of the selected prior art algorithms are described, and a general framework for the development of an efficient rain removal algorithm is explored. Temporal and spatiotemporal properties of rain pixels are analyzed and using these properties, two rain removal algorithms for the videos captured by a static camera are developed. For the removal of rain, temporal and spatiotemporal algorithms require fewer numbers of consecutive frames which reduces buffer size and delay. These algorithms do not assume the shape, size and velocity of raindrops which make it robust to different rain conditions (i.e., heavy rain, light rain and moderate rain). In a practical situation, there is no ground truth available for rain video. Thus, no reference quality metric is very useful in measuring the efficacy of the rain removal algorithms. Temporal variance and spatiotemporal variance are presented in this book as no reference quality metrics. An efficient rain removal algorithm using meteorological properties of rain is developed. The relation among the orientation of the raindrops, wind velocity and terminal velocity is established. This relation is used in the estimation of shape-based features of the raindrop. Meteorological property-based features helped to discriminate the rain and non-rain pixels. Most of the prior art algorithms are designed for the videos captured by a static camera. The use of global motion compensation with all rain removal algorithms designed for videos captured by static camera results in better accuracy for videos captured by moving camera. Qualitative and quantitative results confirm that probabilistic temporal, spatiotemporal and meteorological algorithms outperformed other prior art algorithms in terms of the perceptual quality, buffer size, execution delay and system cost. The work presented in this book can find wide application in entertainment industries, transportation, tracking and consumer electronics. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Introduction / Analysis of Rain / Dataset and Performance Metrics / Important Rain Detection Algorithms / Probabilistic Approach for Detection and Removal of Rain / Impact of Camera Motion on Detection of Rain / Meteorological Approach for Detection and Removal of Rain from Videos / Conclusion and Scope of Future Work / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies