The Sociology Of The Sciences

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The Sociology of Science

Author : Robert K. Merton
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226520927
Total Pages : 639 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sociology of Science by : Robert K. Merton

Download or read book The Sociology of Science written by Robert K. Merton and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1973 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The exploration of the social conditions that facilitate or retard the search for scientific knowledge has been the major theme of Robert K. Merton's work for forty years. This collection of papers [is] a fascinating overview of this sustained inquiry. . . . There are very few other books in sociology . . . with such meticulous scholarship, or so elegant a style. This collection of papers is, and is likely to remain for a long time, one of the most important books in sociology."—Joseph Ben-David, New York Times Book Review "The novelty of the approach, the erudition and elegance, and the unusual breadth of vision make this volume one of the most important contributions to sociology in general and to the sociology of science in particular. . . . Merton's Sociology of Science is a magisterial summary of the field."—Yehuda Elkana, American Journal of Sociology "Merton's work provides a rich feast for any scientist concerned for a genuine understanding of his own professional self. And Merton's industry, integrity, and humility are permanent witnesses to that ethos which he has done so much to define and support."—J. R. Ravetz, American Scientist "The essays not only exhibit a diverse and penetrating analysis and a deal of historical and contemporary examples, with concrete numerical data, but also make genuinely good reading because of the wit, the liveliness and the rich learning with which Merton writes."—Philip Morrison, Scientific American "Merton's impact on sociology as a whole has been large, and his impact on the sociology of science has been so momentous that the title of the book is apt, because Merton's writings represent modern sociology of science more than any other single writer."—Richard McClintock, Contemporary Sociology

Science as Social Existence

Author : Jeff Kochan
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783744138
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Science as Social Existence by : Jeff Kochan

Download or read book Science as Social Existence written by Jeff Kochan and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this bold and original study, Jeff Kochan constructively combines the sociology of scientific knowledge (SSK) with Martin Heidegger’s early existential conception of science. Kochan shows convincingly that these apparently quite different approaches to science are, in fact, largely compatible, even mutually reinforcing. By combining Heidegger with SSK, Kochan argues, we can explicate, elaborate, and empirically ground Heidegger’s philosophy of science in a way that makes it more accessible and useful for social scientists and historians of science. Likewise, incorporating Heideggerian phenomenology into SSK renders SKK a more robust and attractive methodology for use by scholars in the interdisciplinary field of Science and Technology Studies (STS). Kochan’s ground-breaking reinterpretation of Heidegger also enables STS scholars to sustain a principled analytical focus on scientific subjectivity, without running afoul of the orthodox subject-object distinction they often reject. Science as Social Existence is the first book of its kind, unfurling its argument through a range of topics relevant to contemporary STS research. These include the epistemology and metaphysics of scientific practice, as well as the methods of explanation appropriate to social scientific and historical studies of science. Science as Social Existence puts concentrated emphasis on the compatibility of Heidegger’s existential conception of science with the historical sociology of scientific knowledge, pursuing this combination at both macro- and micro-historical levels. Beautifully written and accessible, Science as Social Existence puts new and powerful tools into the hands of sociologists and historians of science, cultural theorists of science, Heidegger scholars, and pluralist philosophers of science.

Science and the Sociology of Knowledge (RLE Social Theory)

Author : Michael Mulkay
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317651170
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and the Sociology of Knowledge (RLE Social Theory) by : Michael Mulkay

Download or read book Science and the Sociology of Knowledge (RLE Social Theory) written by Michael Mulkay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How far is scientific knowledge a product of social life? In addressing this question, the major contributors to the sociology of knowledge have agreed that the conclusions of science are dependent on social action only in a very special and limited sense. In Science and the Sociology of Knowledge Michael Mulkay's first aim is to identify the philosophical assumptions which have led to this view of science as special; and to present a systematic critique of the standard philosophical account of science, showing that there are no valid epistemological grounds for excluding scientific knowledge from the scope of sociological analysis. The rest of the book is devoted to developing a preliminary interpretation of the social creation of scientific knowledge. The processes of knowledge-creation are delineated through a close examination of recent case studies of scientific developments. Dr Mulkay argues that knowledge is produced by means of negotiation, the outcome of which depends on the participants' use of social as well as technical resources. The analysis also shows how cultural resources are taken over from the broader social milieu and incorporated into the body of certified knowledge; and how, in the political context of society at large, scientists' technical as well as social claims are conditioned and affected by their social position.

Handbook of Sociological Science

Author : Gërxhani, Klarita
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789909430
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Sociological Science by : Gërxhani, Klarita

Download or read book Handbook of Sociological Science written by Gërxhani, Klarita and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-10 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 22 out of the 26 Chapters will be available Open Access on Elgaronline when the book is published. The Handbook of Sociological Science offers a refreshing, integrated perspective on research programs and ongoing developments in sociological science. It highlights key shared theoretical and methodological features, thereby contributing to progress and cumulative growth of sociological knowledge.

Sociology, Science, and the End of Philosophy

Author : Sal Restivo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349951609
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (499 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology, Science, and the End of Philosophy by : Sal Restivo

Download or read book Sociology, Science, and the End of Philosophy written by Sal Restivo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique analysis of how ideas about science and technology in the public and scientific imaginations (in particular about maths, logic, the gene, the brain, god, and robots) perpetuate the false reality that values and politics are separate from scientific knowledge and its applications. These ideas are reinforced by cultural myths about free will and individualism. Restivo makes a compelling case for a synchronistic approach in the study of these notoriously 'hard' cases, arguing that their significance reaches far beyond the realms of science and technology, and that their sociological and political ramifications are of paramount importance in our global society. This innovative work deals with perennial problems in the social sciences, philosophy, and the history of science and religion, and will be of special interest to professionals in these fields, as well as scholars of science and technology studies.

Robert K. Merton

Author : Craig Calhoun
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231151128
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Robert K. Merton by : Craig Calhoun

Download or read book Robert K. Merton written by Craig Calhoun and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.

Science In Society

Author : Massimiano Bucchi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134354878
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Science In Society by : Massimiano Bucchi

Download or read book Science In Society written by Massimiano Bucchi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-07-31 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without assuming any scientific background, Bucchi provides clear summaries of all the major theoretical positions within the sociology of science, using many fascinating examples to illustrate them.

Introduction to the Science of Sociology

Author : Robert Ezra Park
Publisher : Good Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1534 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to the Science of Sociology by : Robert Ezra Park

Download or read book Introduction to the Science of Sociology written by Robert Ezra Park and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 1534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Introduction to the Science of Sociology" by Robert Ezra Park, E. W. Burgess. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.

The Sociology of Science

Author : Robert King Merton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780809309252
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sociology of Science by : Robert King Merton

Download or read book The Sociology of Science written by Robert King Merton and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Durkheim's Philosophy of Science and the Sociology of Knowledge

Author : Warren Schmaus
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226742526
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Durkheim's Philosophy of Science and the Sociology of Knowledge by : Warren Schmaus

Download or read book Durkheim's Philosophy of Science and the Sociology of Knowledge written by Warren Schmaus and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-08-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text demonstrates the link between philosophy of science and scientific practice. Durkheim's sociology is examined as more than a collection of general observations about society, since the constructed theory of the meanings and causes of social life is incorporated.

Science in Action

Author : Bruno Latour
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674792913
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (929 download)

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Book Synopsis Science in Action by : Bruno Latour

Download or read book Science in Action written by Bruno Latour and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From weaker to stronger rhetoric : literature - Laboratories - From weak points to strongholds : machines - Insiders out - From short to longer networks : tribunals of reason - Centres of calculation.

Sociology and Scientism

Author : Robert C. Bannister
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469616238
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology and Scientism by : Robert C. Bannister

Download or read book Sociology and Scientism written by Robert C. Bannister and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1920s a new generation of American sociologists tried to make their discipline more objective by adopting the methodology of the natural sciences. Robert Bannister provides the first comprehensive account of the emergence of this "objectivism" within the matrix of the evolutionism of Lester Ward and other founders of American sociology. Objectivism meant confining inquiry to the observable externals of social behavior and quantifying the results. Although objectivism was a marked departure from the theoretical and reformist sociology of the prewar years, and caused often-fierce intergenerational struggle, sociological objectivism had roots deep in prewar sociology. Objectivism first surfaced in the work of sociology's "second generation," the most prominent members of which completed their graduate work prior to World War I. It gradually took shape in what may be termed "realist" and "nominalist" variants, the first represented by Luther Lee Bernard and the second by William F. Ogburn and F. Stuart Chapin. For Bernard, a scientific sociology was radical, prescribing absolute standards for social policy. For Ogburn and Chapin, it was essentially statistical and advisory in the sense that experts would concern themselves exclusively with means rather than ends. Although the objectivists differed among themselves, they together precipitated battles within the American Sociological Society during the 1930s that challenged the monopoly of the Chicago School, paving the way for the informal alliance of Parsonian theorists and a new generation of quantifiers that dominated the profession throughout the 1950s. By shedding new light on the careers of Ward and the other founders and by providing original accounts of the careers of the leading objectivists, Bannister presents a unique look at the course of sociology before and after World War I. He puts theory formation in an institutional, ideological, and biographical setting, and thus offers an unparalleled look at the formation of a modern academic profession.

The Logic of Science in Sociology [sound Recording]

Author : Walter L. Wallace
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 020230194X
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Science in Sociology [sound Recording] by : Walter L. Wallace

Download or read book The Logic of Science in Sociology [sound Recording] written by Walter L. Wallace and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1971 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this book is limited to the abstract form or "logic" of science (as applied particularly to scientific sociology). The chief aim is to compress, to simplify, and to organize into an easily understood and reasonably well-documented scheme some principal answers to questions such as: What makes a discipline "scientific" in the first place? What are theories, empirical generalizations, hypotheses, and observations; and how are they related to each other? What is meant by "the scientific method?" What roles do induction and deduction play in science? What are the places of measurement, sampling techniques, descriptive statistics, statistical inference, scale construction, tests of significance, "grand" theories, and "middle-range" theories? What parts are played by our ideas concerning logic, causality, and chance? What is the significance of the rule of parsimony? How do verbal and mathematical languages compare in expressing scientific statements? The intended use of this book goes beyond these abstract questions. The discussion presented here may serve a practical role in the sociology and history of science by providing a framework for reducing the enormous variety of scientific researches--both within a given field and across all fields--to a limited number of interrelated formal elements. Such a framework, it is hoped, may prove useful in assessing empirical relationships between the formal aspects of scientific work and its substantive social, economic, political, and historical aspects. Wallace identifies four ways of generating and testing the truth of empirical statements--"authoritarian," "mystical," "logico-rational," and "scientific," and considers each in depth. As he concludes, "In science (as in everyday life') things must be believed to be seen, as well as seen to be believed; and questions must already be answered a little, if they are to be asked at all." This is a work of synthesis that merits close attention. It provides an area for viewing theory as something more than a review of the history of any single social science discipline. Walter L. Wallace is Professor of Sociology Emeritus at Princeton University. He is also the author of Sociological Theory: An Introduction, and Principles of Scientific Sociology, available from AldineTransaction.

Sociology and Complexity Science

Author : Brian Castellani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540884629
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology and Complexity Science by : Brian Castellani

Download or read book Sociology and Complexity Science written by Brian Castellani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By now, most academics have heard something about the new science of complexity. In a manner reminiscent of Einstein and the last hundred years of physics, complexity science has captured the public imagination. ® One can go to Amazon. com and purchase books on complexification (Casti 1994), emergence (Holland 1998), small worlds (Barabási 2003), the web of life (Capra 1996), fuzzy thinking (Kosko 1993), global c- plexity (Urry 2003) and the business of long-tails (Anderson 2006). Even television has incorporated the topics of complexity science. Crime shows ® ® such as 24 or CSI typically feature investigators using the latest advances in computational modeling to “simulate scenarios” or “data mine” all p- sible suspects—all of which is done before the crime takes place. The ® World Wide Web is another example. A simple search on Google. Com using the phrase “complexity science” gets close to a million hits! C- plexity science is ubiquitous. What most scholars do not realize, however, is the remarkable role sociologists are playing in this new science. C- sider the following examples. 0. 1 Sociologists in Complexity Science The first example comes from the new science of networks (Barabási 2003). By now, most readers are familiar with the phenomena known as six-degrees of separation—the idea that, because most large networks are comprised of a significant number of non-random weak-ties, the nodes (e. g. , people, companies, etc.

Sociology of Law as the Science of Norms

Author : Håkan Hydén
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000533107
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology of Law as the Science of Norms by : Håkan Hydén

Download or read book Sociology of Law as the Science of Norms written by Håkan Hydén and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes the study of norms as a method of explaining human choice and behaviour by introducing a new scientific perspective. The science of norms may here be broadly understood as a social science which includes elements from both the behavioural and legal sciences. It is given that a science of norms is not normative in the sense of prescribing what is right or wrong in various situations. Compared with legal science, sociology of law has an interest in the operational side of legal rules and regulation. This book develops a synthesizing social science approach to better understand societal development in the wake of the increasingly significant digital technology. The underlying idea is that norms as expectations today are not primarily related to social expectations emanating from human interactions but come from systems that mankind has created for fulfilling its needs. Today the economy, via the market, and technology via digitization, generate stronger and more frequent expectations than the social system. By expanding the sociological understanding of norms, the book makes comparisons between different parts of society possible and creates a more holistic understanding of contemporary society. The book will be of interest to academics and researchers in the areas of sociology of law, legal theory, philosophy of law, sociology and social psychology.

Sociology of Science

Author : Michael Joseph Mulkay
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology of Science by : Michael Joseph Mulkay

Download or read book Sociology of Science written by Michael Joseph Mulkay and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Sociology-Philosophy Connection

Author : Mario Bunge
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781560004165
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sociology-Philosophy Connection by : Mario Bunge

Download or read book The Sociology-Philosophy Connection written by Mario Bunge and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1999 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most social scientists and philosophers claim that sociology and philosophy are disjointed fields of inquiry. Some have wondered how to trace the precise boundary between them. Mario Bunge argues the two fields are so entangled with one another that no demarcation is possible or, indeed, desirable. In fact, sociological research has demonstrably philosophical presuppositions. In turn, some findings of sociology are bound to correct or enrich the philosophical theories that deal with the world, our knowledge of it, or the ways of acting upon it. While Bunge's thesis would hardly have shocked Mill, Marx, Durkheim, or Weber, it is alien to the current sociological mainstream and dominant philosophical schools. Bunge demonstrates that philosophical problematics arise in social science research. A fertile philosophy of social science unearths critical presuppositions, analyzes key concepts, refines effective research strategies, crafts coherent and realistic syntheses, and identifies important new problems. Bunge examines Marx's and Durkheim's thesis that social facts are as objective as physical facts; the so-called Thomas theorem that refutes the behaviorist thesis that social agents react to social stimuli rather than to the way we perceive them; and Merton's thesis on the ethos of basic science which shows that science and morality are intertwined. He then considers selected philosophical problems raised by contemporary social studies. In a concluding chapter, Bunge argues forcefully against tolerance of shabby work in academic social science and philosophy alike.