The Role Of Working Memory In Language Comprehension

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Working Memory and Language

Author : Susan E. Gathercole
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317775287
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory and Language by : Susan E. Gathercole

Download or read book Working Memory and Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.

Working Memory and Language

Author : Susan E. Gathercole
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317775279
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory and Language by : Susan E. Gathercole

Download or read book Working Memory and Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.

The Role of Working Memory in Language Comprehension

Author : Patricia Anderson Carpenter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Working Memory in Language Comprehension by : Patricia Anderson Carpenter

Download or read book The Role of Working Memory in Language Comprehension written by Patricia Anderson Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter provides an account of the transient computational and storage demands that typically arise during comprehension, and of the information management policies that attempt to satisfy those demands. The chapter describes a number of recent studies that examine the trading relation between computation and storage in working memory during language comprehension. Comprehension processes tends to minimize storage requirements by minimize the number of partial products that have to be stored. The minimization is accomplished by immediately digesting as much of the information from the text as possible (what we have called the immediacy of processing), rather than using a 'wait-and-see' strategy. A second focus is on the differences among individuals in their ability to maintain information in working memory during comprehension. We have that such individual differences in working memory capacity are closely related to large and stable individual differences in reading comprehension ability. Keywords: Working memory, Reading comprehension, Individual differences.

Psychology of Learning and Motivation

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128024348
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology of Learning and Motivation by :

Download or read book Psychology of Learning and Motivation written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter thoughtfully integrates the writings of leading contributors, who present and discuss significant bodies of research relevant to their discipline. Volume 63 includes chapters on such varied topics as memory and imagery, statistical regularities, eyewitness lineups, embodied attention, the teleological choice rule, inductive reasoning, causal reasoning and cognitive and neural components of insight. Volume 63 of the highly regarded Psychology of Learning and Motivation series An essential reference for researchers and academics in cognitive science Relevant to both applied concerns and basic research

Working Memory

Author : Robert Logie
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198842287
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory by : Robert Logie

Download or read book Working Memory written by Robert Logie and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory refers to how we keep track of what we are doing moment to moment throughout our waking lives. This book brings together in one volume, state-of-the-science chapters written by the most productive and well known working memory researchers worldwide.

Neuropsychological Impairments of Short-Term Memory

Author : Giuseppe Vallar
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521042758
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuropsychological Impairments of Short-Term Memory by : Giuseppe Vallar

Download or read book Neuropsychological Impairments of Short-Term Memory written by Giuseppe Vallar and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work summarizes the current state of empirical and theoretical work on impairments of short-term memory (often caused by damage in the left cerebral hemisphere) and contains chapters from virtually every scientist in Europe and North America working on the problem. The chapters present evidence from both normal and brain-damaged patients, providing a comprehensive view of the functional characteristics of auditory-verbal short-term memory and its neurobiological correlates. Two neuropsychological issues are discussed in detail: the specific patterns of immediate memory impairment resulting from brain damage, with reference to both multi-store and the interactive-activation theoretical frameworks, and the relation between verbal STM and sentence comprehension disorders in patients with a defective immediate auditory memory, an area of major controversy in recent years.

Working Memory Capacity

Author : Nelson Cowan
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317232380
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity by : Nelson Cowan

Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.

The Oxford Handbook of Language Production

Author : Matthew Goldrick
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199393516
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Language Production by : Matthew Goldrick

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Language Production written by Matthew Goldrick and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Language Production provides a comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of the complex mechanisms involved in language production. It describes what we know of the computational, linguistic, cognitive, and brain bases of human language production - from how we conceive the messages we aim to convey, to how we retrieve the right (and sometimes wrong) words, how we form grammatical sentences, and how we assemble and articulate individual sounds, letters, and gestures. Contributions from leading psycholinguists, linguists, and neuroscientists offer readers a broad perspective on the latest research, highlighting key investigations into core aspects of human language processing. The Handbook is organized into three sections: speaking, written and sign languages, and how language production interfaces with the wider cognitive system, including control processes, memory, non-linguistic gestures, and the perceptual system. These chapters discuss a wide array of levels of representation, from sentences to individual words, speech sounds and articulatory gestures, extending to discourse and the broader social context of speaking. Detailed supporting chapters provide an overview of key issues in linguistic structure at each level of representation. Authoritative yet concisely written, the volume will be of interest to scholars and students working in cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, cognitive neuroscience, computer science, audiology, and education, and related fields.

Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing

Author : Zhisheng Wen
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
ISBN 13 : 1783093587
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing by : Zhisheng Wen

Download or read book Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition and Processing written by Zhisheng Wen and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2015 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume offers a comprehensive discussion of essential theoretical and methodological issues concerning the pivotal role of working memory in second language learning and processing. The collection opens with a foreword and introductory theoretical chapters written by leading figures in the field of cognitive psychology. Following these are three research sections containing chapters providing original data and innovative insights into the dynamic and complex relationships between working memory and specific areas of second language processing, instruction, performance and development. Each section concludes with a commentary which is written by a noted SLA researcher and which charts the course for future research. This book provides a fascinating collection of perspectives on the relationship between working memory and second language learning and will appeal to those interested in the integration of cognitive psychology with SLA research.

Visuo-spatial Working Memory

Author : Robert H. Logie
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317775465
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Visuo-spatial Working Memory by : Robert H. Logie

Download or read book Visuo-spatial Working Memory written by Robert H. Logie and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-18 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Representation of the visual and spatial properties of our environment is a pivotal requirement of everyday cognition. We can mentally represent the visual form of objects. We can extract information from several of the senses as to the location of objects in relation to ourselves and to other objects nearby. For some of those objects we can reach out and manipulate them. We can also imagine ourselves manipulating objects in advance of doing so, or even when it would be impossible to do so physically. The problem posed to science is how these cognitive operations are accomplished, and proffered accounts lie in two essentially parallel research endeavours, working memory and imagery. Working memory is thought to pervade everyday cognition, to provide on-line processing and temporary storage, and to update, moment to moment, our representation of the current state of our environment and our interactions with that environment. There is now a strong case for the claims of working memory in the area of phonological and articulatory functions, all of which appear to contribute to everyday activities such as counting, arithmetic, vocabulary acquisition, and some aspects of reading and language comprehension. The claims for visual and spatial working memory functions are less convincing. Most notable has been the assumption that visual and spatial working memory are intimately involved in the generation, retention and manipulations of visual images. There has until recently been little hard evidence to justify that assumption, and the research on visual and spatial working memory has focused on a relatively restricted range of imagery tasks and phenomena. In a more or less independent development, the literature on visual imagery has now amassed a voluminous corpus of data and theory about a wide range of imagery phenomena. Despite this, few books on imagery refer to the concept of working memory in any detail, or specify the nature of the working memory system that might be involved in mental imagery. This essay follows a line of reconciliation and positive critiquing in exploring the possible overlap between mental imagery and working memory. Theoretical development in the book draws on data from both cognitive psychology and cognitive neuropsychology. The aim is to stimulate debate, to address directly a number of assumptions that hitherto have been implicit, and to assess the contribution of the concept of working memory to our understanding of these intriguing core aspects of human cognition.

Processing of Visible Language

Author : Paul A. Kolers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468410687
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Processing of Visible Language by : Paul A. Kolers

Download or read book Processing of Visible Language written by Paul A. Kolers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second symposium on processing visible language constituted a different "mix" of participants from the first. Greater emphasis was given to the design of language, both in its historical development and in its current display; and to practical questions associated with machine-implementation oflanguage, in the interactions of person and computer, and in the characteristics of the physical and environmental objects that affect the interaction. Another change was that a special session on theory capped the proceedings. Psychologists remained heavily involved, however, both as contributors to and as discussants of the work pre sented. The motivation of the conferences remains one of bringing together graphic designers, engineers, and psychologists concerned with the display and acquisition of visible language. The papers separately tended to emphasize the one of the three disciplines that mark their authors' field of endeavor, but are constructed to be general rather than parochial. Moreover, within the three disciplines, papers emphasized either the textual or the more pictorial aspects. For example, a session on writing systems ranged from principles that seem to characterize all such systems to specific papers on ancient Egyptian writing, modern Korean, and English shorthand. The complementary session on the nontextual media opened with a discussion of general principles of pictorial communication and included papers on communicating instructions, general information, or religious belief through designs and other pictorial forms, as well as a discussion. of misrepresentation.

The Effects of Verbal Working Memory Training on Language Comprehension in Older Adulthood

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Verbal Working Memory Training on Language Comprehension in Older Adulthood by :

Download or read book The Effects of Verbal Working Memory Training on Language Comprehension in Older Adulthood written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bilingual Sentence Processing

Author : Roberto Heredia
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080500099
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Bilingual Sentence Processing by : Roberto Heredia

Download or read book Bilingual Sentence Processing written by Roberto Heredia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-07-25 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilingual Sentence Processing

Memory, Language, and Bilingualism

Author : Jeanette Altarriba
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107008905
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Memory, Language, and Bilingualism by : Jeanette Altarriba

Download or read book Memory, Language, and Bilingualism written by Jeanette Altarriba and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study of memory, language and cognitive processing across various populations of bilingual speakers.

Working Memory and Learning

Author : Susan Gathercole
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446200159
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory and Learning by : Susan Gathercole

Download or read book Working Memory and Learning written by Susan Gathercole and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Tracy Alloway has been awarded the prestigious Joseph Lister Award from the British Science Association. ′The authors have written a guide for practitioners that is both highly practical, and yet based upon sound theoretical principles....This book achieves a successful, yet often elusive, link between theory, research and practice, and deserves to have a high readership. I will have no hesitation in recommending it to a range of readers′ - Jane Mott, Support for Learning ′This book fulfils its aim to explain working memory and the limits it places on children′s classroom learning. For teachers it gives a very clear guide and fills a gap in understanding that can only lead to more child-centred approaches to teaching and learning′ - Lynn Ambler, Support for Learning ′A clear and accessible account of current theory and research, which is then applied to children′s learning in the classroom....The range of strategies...are well grounded in theory derived from research and sit within a coherent conceptual model′ - The Psychologist ′An easy to read yet informative book that explains the concepts clearly and offers practitioners ways to support those with poor working memory in the classroom′ - SNIP `The topic of working memory nowadays tends to dominate discussions with teachers and parents, and both groups can helpfully be directed to this easy-to-read but serious text ... (it) is likely to prove a turning-point in the management and facilitation of hard-to-teach children. In a situation muddied by ever-multiplying syndromes and disorders, this book delivers a clarifying and reassuring isolation of the major cognitive characteristic that cuts across all the boundaries and leaves the class teacher and SENCO empowered. I think very highly of the book and shall be recommending it steadily′ - Martin Turner, Child Center for Evaluation and Teaching, Kuwait Susan Gathercole is winner of the British Psychological Society′s President′s Award for 2007 A good working memory is crucial to becoming a successful learner, yet there is very little material available in an easy-to-use format that explains the concept and offers practitioners ways to support children with poor working memory in the classroom. This book provides a coherent overview of the role played by working memory in learning during the school years, and uses theory to inform good practice. Topics covered include: - the link between working memory skills and key areas of learning (such as literacy & numeracy) - the relationship between working memory and children with developmental disorders - assessment of children for working memory deficits - strategies for supporting working memory in under-performing children This accessible guide will help SENCOs, teachers, teaching assistants, speech and language therapists and educational psychologists to understand and address working memory in their setting.

Variation in Working Memory

Author : Andrew Conway
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019972167X
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Variation in Working Memory by : Andrew Conway

Download or read book Variation in Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.

Essence of Memory

Author : Wayne S. Sossin
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080932339
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Essence of Memory by : Wayne S. Sossin

Download or read book Essence of Memory written by Wayne S. Sossin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-04-28 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This selection of reviews gives an up-to-date picture of memory research. Great progress has been made in identifying the memory trace at the molecular and cellular level and individual reviews address the major mechanisms by which changes in synaptic strength can persist. Exciting research at the systems level is also reviewed including the growing importance of changes in inhibitory interneurons and how they play a role in memory formation. Finally, reviews present cognitive and neurobiological models of human memory that explain, characterize and organize the act of memory within a coherent framework. Provides an unique overview that covers all perspectives and methodological approaches to memory Broad coverage of memory research from molecular to human studies in one source Up-to-date reviews give the latest important ideas on memory formation