The Role of Sensation Seeking in Children's Ability to Learn Alcohol Expectancy Associations

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Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Sensation Seeking in Children's Ability to Learn Alcohol Expectancy Associations by : Nicole M. Bekman

Download or read book The Role of Sensation Seeking in Children's Ability to Learn Alcohol Expectancy Associations written by Nicole M. Bekman and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Sensation seeking is a personality characteristic associated with problematic alcohol use and positive alcohol expectancies, but little research has examined the relationship between sensation seeking and the acquisition of alcohol expectancy information. In a recent study (Steinberg, 2003), sensation seeking was associated with how quickly and accurately college-aged students were able to learn alcohol-expectancy word pairs in a paired associate learning task. In this age group, however, the individuals had fully developed alcohol expectancies that may have influenced their rates of learning. The current study sought to minimize the influence of previously held alcohol expectancies by exploring this relationship in children when the development of alcohol expectancies is just beginning. The participants in this study were fifth grade students. A series of regressions examined the relationship between sensation seeking, alcohol expectancies, current and predicted future drinking with the acquisition of alcohol and expectancy word pairs in a paired associate learning task. Although no statistically significant relationships were found, children with higher drinking frequency and males with higher Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS) demonstrated a minor advantage in their ability to match alcohol and expectancy words in cued-recall trials. Although the results of this study are inconclusive, they suggest that sensation seeking may play a role in the acquisition of alcohol expectancies. Future research with refined word pairs and a larger sample size is necessary to further clarify these trends.

The Relationship Between Individual Differences in Cognitive, Social and Personality Development and the Increase in Complexity of Children's Alcohol Expectancies

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Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Individual Differences in Cognitive, Social and Personality Development and the Increase in Complexity of Children's Alcohol Expectancies by : Nicole M. Bekman

Download or read book The Relationship Between Individual Differences in Cognitive, Social and Personality Development and the Increase in Complexity of Children's Alcohol Expectancies written by Nicole M. Bekman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The current study aimed to simultaneously examine cognitive, social and personality development in a cross-sectional sample of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade children to explore the interplay among these processes and how they relate to changes in children's understanding of alcohol. To replicate previous work, this study comprehensively examined relative increases in types of expectancies as a function of development. Results demonstrated that children in higher grades held more positive, negative and sedating expectancies of alcohol and positive alcohol expectancies increased more than negative alcohol expectancies. Improved performance on cognitive measures were associated with positive alcohol expectancy endorsement, indicating that children's ability to incorporate positive beliefs about alcohol, which are conflicting with information typically taught to children in this age range, may be related to their ability to form and articulate concepts with age. Among male participants, sensation seeking increased with age and was strongly associated with positive ideas about alcohol use, such as wanting to experiment with alcohol or planning to drink as an adult. Social influences on alcohol expectancies included exposure to drinking. When children's parents drank more, they had higher positive, negative and sedating alcohol expectancies, indicating that they had a greater understanding of all potential consequences of drinking, while children whose friends drank had higher positive but not other types of expectancies. Additionally, children who turned to adults for advice held increasing levels of negative and sedating alcohol expectancies across age, while children who sought support from their peers showed higher levels of positive and arousing expectancies across age groups. The interplay between cognitive development and risk factors such as social awareness of alcohol, source of social influence, and sensation seeking personality begins to demonstrate key relationships to alcohol expectancies in late childhood. These social and personality risk factors are likely to play an even greater role in early adolescence as children move to middle school and experience puberty. This study provides a basis for future elaboration of the roles these constructs play in an individual's ability to understand the multifaceted expectations that are held in our society about the effects of alcohol on human behavior.

The Role of Individual Differences in Learning Alcohol Expectancy Associations

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Individual Differences in Learning Alcohol Expectancy Associations by : Howard R. Steinberg

Download or read book The Role of Individual Differences in Learning Alcohol Expectancy Associations written by Howard R. Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: These findings suggest that significant differences exist in the ability to learn alcohol to expectancy word associations, and lend support to recent theories that implicate individual difference factors as a predisposition for the development of problematic alcohol to expectancy associations in memory.

Dissertation Abstracts International

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 902 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reducing Underage Drinking

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309089352
Total Pages : 761 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Underage Drinking by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Reducing Underage Drinking written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol use by young people is extremely dangerous - both to themselves and society at large. Underage alcohol use is associated with traffic fatalities, violence, unsafe sex, suicide, educational failure, and other problem behaviors that diminish the prospects of future success, as well as health risks â€" and the earlier teens start drinking, the greater the danger. Despite these serious concerns, the media continues to make drinking look attractive to youth, and it remains possible and even easy for teenagers to get access to alcohol. Why is this dangerous behavior so pervasive? What can be done to prevent it? What will work and who is responsible for making sure it happens? Reducing Underage Drinking addresses these questions and proposes a new way to combat underage alcohol use. It explores the ways in which may different individuals and groups contribute to the problem and how they can be enlisted to prevent it. Reducing Underage Drinking will serve as both a game plan and a call to arms for anyone with an investment in youth health and safety.

Monitoring the Future, National Survey Results on Drug Use

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring the Future, National Survey Results on Drug Use by :

Download or read book Monitoring the Future, National Survey Results on Drug Use written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Global Positive Expectancies and the Potential Moderating Effects on Sensation Seeking and Drinking Outcomes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Positive Expectancies and the Potential Moderating Effects on Sensation Seeking and Drinking Outcomes by : Miranda S. Meadows

Download or read book Global Positive Expectancies and the Potential Moderating Effects on Sensation Seeking and Drinking Outcomes written by Miranda S. Meadows and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine global positive expectancies (GPE) and sensation seeking (SS) in relation to differences in drinking behaviors in a short-term longitudinal study. The positive reinforcement theory of addiction (De Wit & Phan, 2010) and the dispositional benefit theory (Affleck & Tennen, 1996) are foundational in the development of this study. Dispositional hope, optimism, GPE, SS, and the drinking outcomes of frequency, quantity, and number of binges were measured in a sample of 64 college students at 2 time points 6 months apart. Results provide limited support for the hypotheses. GPE did not moderate the relationship between sensation seeking and risky drinking outcomes. However, significant longitudinal associations were present between SS and the 3 drinking outcomes, and concurrent correlations exist between SS and 2 drinking outcomes, the number of binges and quantity of drinking. Post hoc analyses demonstrated the predictive power of optimism over GPE in relation to drinking outcomes, but in the opposite direction as predicted. Keywords: sensation seeking, global positive expectancies, dispositional optimism, hope, positive reinforcement theory of addiction, dispositional benefit theory.

Alcohol Use Among Adolescents

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1452265070
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol Use Among Adolescents by : Michael Windle

Download or read book Alcohol Use Among Adolescents written by Michael Windle and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1999-06-25 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent alcohol use is prominent among today′s teens and has elicited rising concerns among parents, health practitioners, social policymakers, and the public at large. Yet there is an absence of a relatively concise book that summarizes and integrates existing knowledge on the various facets of adolescent alcohol use. This book attempts to fill this void by integrating research from the multiple fields of study (e.g., prevalence of use), describing measurement approaches (e.g., survey and clinical diagnostic), reviewing risk and protective factors, reporting on findings from prominent prevention and treatment studies, and suggesting future research directions. The coverage is intended to examine issues relevant to etiology, developmental courses, and prevention and treatment, as well as to identify future research directions.

Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol & Health

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol & Health by :

Download or read book Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol & Health written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health from the Secretary of Health and Human Services

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health from the Secretary of Health and Human Services by :

Download or read book Special Report to the U.S. Congress on Alcohol and Health from the Secretary of Health and Human Services written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Psychology

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780716776901
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (769 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychology by : Peter O. Gray

Download or read book Psychology written by Peter O. Gray and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2006-04-07 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory text that explores Psychology's major theories, and the evidence that supports and refutes them. This title incorporates research, helping students to probe for the purposes and biological origins of behavior - the 'whys' and 'hows' of Human Psychology.

The Promise of Adolescence

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309490111
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Promise of Adolescence by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.

Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521437707
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking by : Marvin Zuckerman

Download or read book Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking written by Marvin Zuckerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-06-24 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about a trait describing variations in the universal need for novel and intense stimulation and its expressions in various risky kinds of behaviour (including driving habits, health, gambling, financial risk, alcohol and drug use and abuse, sexual behaviour, and sports). Sensation seeking is also important in preferences for various vocations, media forms and content, food, humour and social attitudes. Compatibility in the trait influences premarital and marital relationship satisfaction. Its modes of assessment, behavioural expressions, and genetic and psychobiological bases are described by one of the leading researchers in this field. This book presents the only available study of this fascinating topic and it will be sure to interest researchers and their students active in personality research.

Drugs, Society, and Behavior

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Publisher : McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN 13 : 9780879676827
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (768 download)

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Book Synopsis Drugs, Society, and Behavior by : Charles A. Ladley

Download or read book Drugs, Society, and Behavior written by Charles A. Ladley and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1987-12 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Students at Risk of School Failure

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889455912
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Students at Risk of School Failure by : José Jesús Gázquez

Download or read book Students at Risk of School Failure written by José Jesús Gázquez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this Research Topic is to determine the conditions that place students at risk of school failure, identifying student and context variables. In spite of the fact that there is currently little doubt about how one learns and how to teach, in some countries of the “developed world,” there is still there is a high rate of school failure. Although the term “school failure” is a very complex construct, insofar as its causes, consequences, and development, from the field of educational psychology, the construct “student engagement” has recently gained special interest in an attempt to deal with the serious problem of school failure. School engagement builds on the anatomy of the students’ involvement in school and describes their feelings, behaviors, and thoughts about their school experiences. So, engagement is an important component of students’ school experience, with a close relationship to achievement and school failure. Children who self-set academic goals, attend school regularly and on time, behave well in class, complete their homework, and study at home are likely to interact adequately with the school social and physical environments and perform well in school. In contrast, children who miss school are more likely to display disruptive behaviors in class, miss homework frequently, exhibit violent behaviors on the playground, fail subjects, be retained and, if the behaviors persist, quit school. Moreover, engagement should also be considered as an important school outcome, eliciting more or less supportive reactions from educators. For example, children who display school-engaged behaviors are likely to receive motivational and instructional support from their teachers. The opposite may also be true. But what makes student engage more or less? The relevant literature indicates that personal variables (e.g., sensory, motor, neurodevelopmental, cognitive, motivational, emotional, behavior problems, learning difficulties, addictions), social and/or cultural variables (e.g., negative family conditions, child abuse, cultural deprivation, ethnic conditions, immigration), or school variables (e.g., coexistence at school, bullying, cyberbullying) may concurrently hinder engagement, preventing the student from acquiring the learnings in the same conditions as the rest of the classmates.

Proceedings of the British Psychological Society

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the British Psychological Society by : British Psychological Society

Download or read book Proceedings of the British Psychological Society written by British Psychological Society and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: