The Remineralization Of Marine Organic Matter By Diverse Biological And Abiotic Processes

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The Remineralization of Marine Organic Matter by Diverse Biological and Abiotic Processes

Author : James Robert Collins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (972 download)

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Book Synopsis The Remineralization of Marine Organic Matter by Diverse Biological and Abiotic Processes by : James Robert Collins

Download or read book The Remineralization of Marine Organic Matter by Diverse Biological and Abiotic Processes written by James Robert Collins and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While aerobic respiration is typically invoked as the dominant mass-balance sink for organic matter in the upper ocean, many other biological and abiotic processes can degrade particulate and dissolved substrates on globally significant scales. The relative strengths of these other remineralization processes - including mechanical mechanisms such as dissolution and disaggregation of sinking particles, and abiotic processes such as photooxidation - remain poorly constrained. In this thesis, I examine the biogeochemical significance of various alternative pathways of organic matter remineralization using a combination of field experiments, modeling approaches, geochemical analyses, and a new, high-throughput lipidomics method for identification of lipid biomarkers. I first assess the relative importance of particle-attached microbial respiration compared to other processes that can degrade sinking marine particles. A hybrid methodological approach - comparison of substrate-specific respiration rates from across the North Atlantic basin with Monte Carlo-style sensitivity analyses of a simple mechanistic model - suggested sinking particle material was transferred to the water column by various biological and mechanical processes nearly 3.5 times as fast as it was directly respired, questioning the conventional assumption that direct respiration dominates remineralization. I next present and demonstrate a new lipidomics method and open-source software package for discovery and identification of molecular biomarkers for organic matter degradation in large, high-mass-accuracy HPLC-ESI-MS datasets. I use the software to unambiguously identify more than 1,100 unique lipids, oxidized lipids, and oxylipins in data from cultures of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum that were subjected to oxidative stress. Finally, I present the results of photooxidation experiments conducted with liposomes - nonliving aggregations of lipids - in natural waters of the Southern Ocean. A broadband polychromatic apparent quantum yield (AQY) is applied to estimate rates of lipid photooxidation in surface waters of the West Antarctic Peninsula, which receive seasonally elevated doses of ultraviolet radiation as a consequence of anthropogenic ozone depletion in the stratosphere. The mean daily rate of lipid photooxidation (50 ± 11 pmol IP-DAG L−1 d−1, equivalent to 31 ± 7 [mu]g C m−3 d−1) represented between 2 and 8 % of the total bacterial production observed in surface waters immediately following the retreat of the sea ice.

Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter

Author : Dennis A. Hansell
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124071538
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell

Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM

Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter

Author : Dennis A. Hansell
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443138591
Total Pages : 870 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell

Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-04 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, 3rd edition is the most up-to-date revision of the fundamental reference for the biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic matter. Since its original publication in June 2002, the science, questions, and priorities have advanced, and the editors of this essential guide, have added nine new chapters, including one on the South China Sea. An indispensable manual edited by the most distinguished experts in the field, this book is addressed to graduate students, marine scientists, and all professionals interested in advancing their knowledge of the field. Features up-to-date knowledge on DOM, including 9 new chapters Presents the only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the South China, a region receiving a great deal of attention in recent decades Offers contributions by world-class research leaders

Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter

Author : N. Handa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401713197
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter by : N. Handa

Download or read book Dynamics and Characterization of Marine Organic Matter written by N. Handa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade the scientific activities of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), which focuses on the role of the oceans in controlling climate change via the transport and storage of greenhouse gases and organic matter, have led to an increased interest in the study of the biogeochemistry of organic matter. There is also a growing interest in global climate fluctuations. This, and the need for a precise assessment of the dynamics of carbon and other bio-elements, has led to a demand for an improved understanding of biogeochemical processes and the chemical characteristics of both particulate and dissolved organic matter in the ocean. A large amount of proxy data has been published describing the changes of the oceanic environment, but qualitative and quantitative estimates of the vertical flux of (proxy) organic compounds have not been well documented. There is thus an urgent need to pursue this line of study and, to this end, this book starts with several papers dealing with the primary production of organic matter in the upper ocean. Thereafter, the book goes on to follow the flux and characterization of particulate organic matter, discussed in relation to the primary production in the euphotic zone and resuspension in the deep waters, including the vertical flux of proxy organic compounds. It goes on to explain the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in the ocean environment due to photochemical and biological agents, and the reactivity of bulk and specific organic compounds, including the air-sea interaction of biogenic gases. The 22 papers in the book reflect the interests of JGOFS and will thus serve as a valuable reference source for future biogeochemical investigations of both bio-elements and organic matter in seawater, clarifying the role of the ocean in global climate change.

Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research

Author : Carol Arnosti
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889664643
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research by : Carol Arnosti

Download or read book Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research written by Carol Arnosti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Theory of Radioisotopic and Chemical Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems

Author : Victor Egorov
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030805794
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory of Radioisotopic and Chemical Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems by : Victor Egorov

Download or read book Theory of Radioisotopic and Chemical Homeostasis of Marine Ecosystems written by Victor Egorov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is dedicated to the study and mathematical definition of the biogeochemical patterns of organic and inorganic matter interaction with the marine environment's radioactive and chemical components. This book describes the radioisotope and mineral exchange theory between organic and inorganic matters in the marine environment on a time scale of metabolic processes and trophic interactions. The approach is parametrically compatible with modern techniques describing the matter and energy balance in aquatic ecosystems. The criteria for assessing the ecological capacity, biogeocenoses assimilation capacity, and water masses radio capacity, which form the basis of the theory of radioisotope and mineral homeostasis of marine ecosystems, are substantiated. This book presents methods to implement sustainable development of the Black Sea's critical and recreational zones according to the marine pollution factors. This book does that by regulating the balance between the consumption of water quality resources and their reproduction as a result of natural biogeochemical processes are proposed. The book is of interest to scientists working in marine geology, marine ecology, biogeophysics, and biogeochemistry. This book is also necessary for professionals working in institutions and administrations coordinating maritime activities, environmental projects, and developing aquaculture technologies.

Marine Organic Chemistry

Author : E.K. Duursma
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080870694
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Organic Chemistry by : E.K. Duursma

Download or read book Marine Organic Chemistry written by E.K. Duursma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Organic Chemistry

Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments

Author : Antonio Gianguzza
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366204935X
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments by : Antonio Gianguzza

Download or read book Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments written by Antonio Gianguzza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important processes on the Earth`s surface occur in the Ocean where materials and energy are primarily exchanged. In the case of marine chemistry different fields of chemistry from organic to inorganic as well as thermodynamics and biochemistry are involved. Analytical Chemistry is a very important tool for the quantification of biogeochemical processes by providing correct and even more sophisticated methodologies. These are often directly applied 'in situ', in order to detect trace and ultra-trace natural and anthropogenic substances. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies allow us to establish whether the process occurs. Once discovered it is then possible to build up general models for environmental systems. This book gathers many aspects with the aim of creating a general picture of the chemical processes occurring in the marine environment

Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems

Author : Tilman Grune
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540224235
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems by : Tilman Grune

Download or read book Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems written by Tilman Grune and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-01-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is one of the major symptoms accompanying physiological functions and numerous diseases. Oxidants and free radicals are connected with diseases such as cancer, diabetes, infectious, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and also in the aging process itself. Therefore, comprehensive knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of oxidant and free radical production and the defence against this permanent threat to cells is important for the understanding of many physiological and pathophysiological processes. This book overviews the basic mechanisms of oxidant formation and antioxidant defences. In addition, the formation of oxidants and their detoxification, the damage of macromolecules and the major repair and removal systems will be highlighted.

Remineralization of Marine Particulate Organic Matter

Author : Brian Gary Burkhardt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (839 download)

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Book Synopsis Remineralization of Marine Particulate Organic Matter by : Brian Gary Burkhardt

Download or read book Remineralization of Marine Particulate Organic Matter written by Brian Gary Burkhardt and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine microorganisms play a significant role in the cycling of nutrients in the open ocean through production, consumption, and degradation of organic matter (OM). Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are essential ingredients in every known recipe for life. However, the cycling of each of these elements proceeds at different rates such that the ratio of C:N:P can vary widely between particulate, dissolved, organic, and inorganic pools. To better understand the mechanisms controlling these transformations, this study investigated the bacterial remineralization of photosynthetically-derived organic matter derived from cultures of Trichodesmium IMS101, Thalassiosira weissflogii, Prochlorococcus MED4, and particulate material collected from the surface waters of an upwelling regime. Experiments were conducted at sea for a short duration (

Microbial Ecology of the Oceans

Author : Josep M. Gasol
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119107202
Total Pages : 663 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Ecology of the Oceans by : Josep M. Gasol

Download or read book Microbial Ecology of the Oceans written by Josep M. Gasol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The newly revised and updated third edition of the bestselling book on microbial ecology in the oceans The third edition of Microbial Ecology of the Oceans features new topics, as well as different approaches to subjects dealt with in previous editions. The book starts out with a general introduction to the changes in the field, as well as looking at the prospects for the coming years. Chapters cover ecology, diversity, and function of microbes, and of microbial genes in the ocean. The biology and ecology of some model organisms, and how we can model the whole of the marine microbes, are dealt with, and some of the trophic roles that have changed in the last years are discussed. Finally, the role of microbes in the oceanic P cycle are presented. Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Third Edition offers chapters on The Evolution of Microbial Ecology of the Ocean; Marine Microbial Diversity as Seen by High Throughput Sequencing; Ecological Significance of Microbial Trophic Mixing in the Oligotrophic Ocean; Metatranscritomics and Metaproteomics; Advances in Microbial Ecology from Model Marine Bacteria; Marine Microbes and Nonliving Organic Matter; Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry of Oxygen-Deficient Water Columns; The Ocean’s Microscale; Ecological Genomics of Marine Viruses; Microbial Physiological Ecology of The Marine Phosphorus Cycle; Phytoplankton Functional Types; and more. A new and updated edition of a key book in aquatic microbial ecology Includes widely used methodological approaches Fully describes the structure of the microbial ecosystem, discussing in particular the sources of carbon for microbial growth Offers theoretical interpretations of subtropical plankton biogeography Microbial Ecology of the Oceans is an ideal text for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and colleagues from other fields wishing to learn about microbes and the processes they mediate in marine systems.

Nitrogen in the Marine Environment

Author : Edward J. Carpenter
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483288293
Total Pages : 919 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Nitrogen in the Marine Environment by : Edward J. Carpenter

Download or read book Nitrogen in the Marine Environment written by Edward J. Carpenter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen in the Marine Environment provides information pertinent to the many aspects of the nitrogen cycle. This book presents the advances in ocean productivity research, with emphasis on the role of microbes in nitrogen transformations with excursions to higher trophic levels. Organized into 24 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the abundance and distribution of the various forms of nitrogen in a number of estuaries. This text then provides a comparison of the nitrogen cycling of various ecosystems within the marine environment. Other chapters consider chemical distributions and methodology as an aid to those entering the field. This book discusses as well the enzymology of the initial steps of inorganic nitrogen assimilation. The final chapter deals with the philosophy and application of modeling as an investigative method in basic research on nitrogen dynamics in coastal and open-ocean marine environments. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists, microbiologists, aquatic ecologists, and bacteriologists.

Encyclopedia of Geochemistry

Author : William M. White
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319393117
Total Pages : 1680 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Geochemistry by : William M. White

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-24 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.

YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans: Our Research, Our Future

Author : Simon Jungblut
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030203891
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans: Our Research, Our Future by : Simon Jungblut

Download or read book YOUMARES 9 - the Oceans: Our Research, Our Future written by Simon Jungblut and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book summarizes peer-reviewed articles and the abstracts of oral and poster presentations given during the YOUMARES 9 conference which took place in Oldenburg, Germany, in September 2018. The aims of this book are to summarize state-of-the-art knowledge in marine sciences and to inspire scientists of all career stages in the development of further research. These conferences are organized by and for young marine researchers. Qualified early-career researchers, who moderated topical sessions during the conference, contributed literature reviews on specific topics within their research field. .

Responses of Marine Microbes to Multiple Environmental Drivers of Global Change: the Interplay of Abiotic and Biotic Factors

Author : Yuanyuan Feng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832502660
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Responses of Marine Microbes to Multiple Environmental Drivers of Global Change: the Interplay of Abiotic and Biotic Factors by : Yuanyuan Feng

Download or read book Responses of Marine Microbes to Multiple Environmental Drivers of Global Change: the Interplay of Abiotic and Biotic Factors written by Yuanyuan Feng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence

Author : Paula G. Coble
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521764610
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence by : Paula G. Coble

Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.

Marine Ecological Processes

Author : I. Valiela
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475741251
Total Pages : 690 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Ecological Processes by : I. Valiela

Download or read book Marine Ecological Processes written by I. Valiela and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Ecological Processes is a modern review and synthesis of marine ecology that provides the reader - particularly the graduate student - with a lucid introduction to the intellectual concepts, approaches, and methods of this evolving discipline. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book focuses on the processes controlling marine ecosystems, communities, and populations and demonstrates how general ecological principles - derived from terrestrial and freshwater systems as well - apply to marine ecosystems. Numerous illustrations, examples, and references clearly impart to the reader the current state of research in this field; its achievements as well as unresolved controversies.