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The Red River War Of 1874 1875
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Book Synopsis The Red River War 1874-1875 by : Michael Penney
Download or read book The Red River War 1874-1875 written by Michael Penney and published by . This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1874, Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan sent a large U.S. Army force against the Southern Plains Indians. Large numbers of the Cheyenne, Comanche, and Kiowa tribes fled their Indian Territory reservations that summer and headed for the sanctuary of the Staked Plains and the Texas panhandle. In what became known as The Red River War of 1874, the Army attacked and pursued the Indians for many months throughout the fall and winter of 1874 and 1875 until finally all of the remaining fugitive Indians returned to the reservations and surrendered. In what would be the largest US Army campaign against the Indians after the Civil War, Lieutenant General Sheridan and his subordinate commanders effectively planned and executed simultaneous operations which definitively ended Southern Plains Indian resistance to white expansion.
Book Synopsis The Red River War of 1874-1875 by : Charles River Editors
Download or read book The Red River War of 1874-1875 written by Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-23 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the fighting written by participants *Includes footnotes, online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents From the "Trail of Tears" to Wounded Knee and Little Bighorn, the narrative of American history is incomplete without the inclusion of the Native Americans that lived on the continent before European settlers arrived in the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the first contact between natives and settlers, tribes like the Sioux, Cherokee, and Navajo have both fascinated and perplexed outsiders with their history, language, and culture. But among all the Native American tribes, the Spanish, Mexicans, and Americans learned the hard way that the warriors of tribes in the Southwest, most notably the Apache and Comanche, were perhaps the fiercest in North America. While the Apache are inextricably associated with one of their most famous leaders, Geronimo, the conflict between the Comanche and white settlers in the Southwest was particularly barbaric. During Comanche raids, all adult males would be killed outright, and sometimes women and children met the same fate. On many occasions, older children were taken captive and gradually adopted into the tribe, until they gradually forgot life among their white families and accepted their roles in Comanche society. Popular accounts written by whites who were captured and lived among the Comanche only brought the terror and the tribe closer to home among all Americans back east as well. As the 19th century progressed, the "Buffalo Indians," as the various groups in the region were called, were well adapted and thrived in their environment. The middle of the century, however, proved to be increasingly challenging to the Native American tribes as the U.S. government sought to contain, if not eliminate, these nomadic hunters in order to exploit the region and its resources for the advancement of westward expansion. When the Civil War came to an end at last in 1865, it allowed for an increased military presence in Texas and the Southern Plains region. Further, the intercontinental railroad was completed in 1868, which increased the rate of the transportation of goods to the East and migrant settlers to the West. The threat of civilians encountering hostile Native tribes was prevalent, and in order for the U.S. government to promote white settlement in the Southern Plains, the "Indian Problem," needed to be swiftly addressed. The Indian Bureau and Native Americans of the region agreed to scantily enforced treaties that were skewed largely in favor of the government, while native elders saw little choice but to sign the treaties, aware of the might of the American military and understanding that without the pacts, the possibility of a war was likely. When the treaties went unenforced and the Native Americans got little of the relief promised by the government, war did, in fact, follow. Tensions had risen in the region over several decades, and the outbreak of war came in 1874 due to the increased encroachment of white buffalo hunters onto Native American soil, the lack of enforcement of the Medicine Lodge Treaty, and the attitudes of military leaders toward Native Americans. The Red River War of 1874-1875 pitted the Southern Plains tribes against the U.S. Army, and it would prove to be the final Indian war in the region. The Red River War of 1874-1875: The History of the Last American Campaign to Remove Native Americans from the Southwest comprehensively covers the climactic clashes between the two sides. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Red River War like never before.
Book Synopsis Battles of the Red River War by : J. Brett Cruse
Download or read book Battles of the Red River War written by J. Brett Cruse and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Battles of the Red River War unearths a long-buried record of the collision of two cultures. In 1874, U.S. forces led by Col. Ranald S. Mackenzie carried out a surprise attack on several Cheyenne, Comanche, and Kiowa bands that had taken refuge in the Palo Duro Canyon of the Texas panhandle and destroyed their winter stores and horses. After this devastating loss, many of these Indians returned to their reservations and effectively brought to a close what has come to be known as the Red River War, a campaign carried out by the U.S. Army during 1874 as a result of Indian attacks on white settlers in the region. After this operation, the Southern Plains Indians would never again pose a coherent threat to whites’ expansion and settlement across their ancestral homelands. Until now, the few historians who have undertaken to tell the story of the Red River War have had to rely on the official records of the battles and a handful of extant accounts, letters, and journals of the U.S. Army participants. Starting in 1998, J. Brett Cruse, under the auspices of the Texas Historical Commission, conducted archeological investigations at six battle sites. In the artifacts they unearthed, Cruse and his teams found clues that would both correct and complete the written records and aid understanding of the Indian perspectives on this clash of cultures. Including a chapter on historiography and archival research by Martha Doty Freeman and an analysis of cartridges and bullets by Douglas D. Scott, this rigorously researched and lavishly illustrated work will commend itself to archeologists, military historians and scientists, and students and scholars of the Westward Expansion.
Download or read book The Buffalo War written by James L. Haley and published by Garden City, N.Y. : Doubleday. This book was released on 1976 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Located in the Oklahoma Collection.
Book Synopsis The Miles Expedition of 1874-1875 by : J. T. Marshall
Download or read book The Miles Expedition of 1874-1875 written by J. T. Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eyewitness account of the Red River War.
Book Synopsis Battles of the Red River War by : J. Brett Cruse
Download or read book Battles of the Red River War written by J. Brett Cruse and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting in 1998, the author, under the auspices of the Texas Historical Commission, conducted archaeological investigations at six battle sites. What they unearthed is presented in order to both correct and complete the written records of history and aid in understanding the Indian perspectives on this clash of cultures.
Author :Charles M. Robinson, III Publisher :The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc ISBN 13 :1448813344 Total Pages :97 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (488 download)
Book Synopsis Battle on the Plains by : Charles M. Robinson, III
Download or read book Battle on the Plains written by Charles M. Robinson, III and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an explanation of the background, causes, and effects of the Plains wars, with an emphasis on the Red River War of 1874 to 1875, the continuation of a long-standing conflict, and the Great Sioux War of 1876 to 1877.
Book Synopsis Fort Reno and the Indian Territory Frontier (p) by :
Download or read book Fort Reno and the Indian Territory Frontier (p) written by and published by University of Arkansas Press. This book was released on with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the Indian uprising known as the Red River War, Fort Reno (in what would become western Oklahoma) was established in 1875 by the United States government. Its original assignment was to serve as an outpost to exercise control over the Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians. But Fort Reno also served as an embryonic frontier settlement around which the first trappings of Anglo-American society developed a regulatory force between the Indian tribes and the white man, and the primary arm of government responsible for restraining land-hungry whites from invading country promised to Native American tribes by treaty. With the formation of the new Territory of Oklahoma and introduction of civil law, Fort Reno was forced to assume another purpose: it became a cavalry remount center. But when the mechanization of the military brought an end to the horse cavalry, the demise of Fort Reno was imminent. When Ben Clark, the prideful scout who knew and loved Fort Reno, ended his own life in 1914, the military post that had once thrived on America’s frontier was brought to a poignant end. The story of Fort Reno, as detailed here by Stan Hoig, touches on several of the most important topics of nineteenth-century Western history: the great cattle drives, Indian pacification and the Plains Wars, railroads, white settlement, and the Oklahoma land rushes. Hoig deals not only with Fort Reno, but also with Darlington agency, the Chisolm Trail, and the trading activities in Indian Territory from 1874 to approximately 1900. The author includes maps, photographs, and illustrations to enhance the narrative and guide the reader, like a scout, through a time of treacherous but fascinating events in the Old West.
Book Synopsis Miles Expedition of 1874-1875 by : J. T. Marshall
Download or read book Miles Expedition of 1874-1875 written by J. T. Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1937-01-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Battlefield and Classroom by : Richard Henry Pratt
Download or read book Battlefield and Classroom written by Richard Henry Pratt and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Richard Henry Pratt, best known as the founder and longtime superintendent of the influential Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania, profoundly shaped Indian education and federal Indian policy at the turn of the twentieth century. Pratt’s long and active military career included eight years of service as an army field officer on the western frontier. During that time he participated in some of the signal conflicts with Indians of the southern plains, including the Washita campaign of 1868-1869 and the Red River War of 1874-1875. He then served as jailor for many of the Indians who surrendered. His experiences led him to dedicate himself to Indian education, and from 1879 to 1904, still on active military duty, he directed the Carlisle school, believing that the only way to save Indians from extinction was to remove Indian youth to nonreservation settings and there inculcate in them what he considered civilized ways. Pratt’s memoirs, edited by Robert M. Utley and with a new foreword by David Wallace Adams, offer insight into and understanding of what are now highly controversial turn-of-the-century Indian education policies.
Book Synopsis Kiowa Belief and Ritual by : Benjamin R. Kracht
Download or read book Kiowa Belief and Ritual written by Benjamin R. Kracht and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2022-09 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Benjamin Kracht's Kiowa Belief and Ritual, a collection of materials gleaned from Santa Fe Laboratory of Anthropology field notes and augmented by Alice Marriott's field notes, significantly enhances the existing literature concerning Plains religions.
Book Synopsis The Buffalo Soldiers by : William H. Leckie
Download or read book The Buffalo Soldiers written by William H. Leckie and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1967, William H. Leckie’s The Buffalo Soldiers was the first book of its kind to recognize the importance of African American units in the conquest of the West. Decades later, with sales of more than 75,000 copies, The Buffalo Soldiers has become a classic. Now, in a newly revised edition, the authors have expanded the original research to explore more deeply the lives of buffalo soldiers in the Ninth and Tenth Cavalry Regiments. Written in accessible prose that includes a synthesis of recent scholarship, this edition delves further into the life of an African American soldier in the nineteenth century. It also explores the experiences of soldiers’ families at frontier posts. In a new epilogue, the authors summarize developments in the lives of buffalo soldiers after the Indian Wars and discuss contemporary efforts to memorialize them in film, art, and architecture.
Book Synopsis The Moccasin Speaks by : Arlene Feldmann Jauken
Download or read book The Moccasin Speaks written by Arlene Feldmann Jauken and published by Dageforde Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In 1874, a band of hostile Indians, mostly Southern Cheyennes led by Medicine Water, massacred John German, his wife, and three of their children. Four other daughters were taken captive, among them, twelve-year old Sophia. Dog Soldier Chief Grey Beard's refusal to release the young girl prolonged the Red River War and the return of the Cheyennes to the reservation. Now, in The Moccasin Speaks, Sophia German's great-granddaughter, Arlene Jauken, recreates the compelling story of hte captive German daughters' struggle for survival. Jauken bases her work not only on years of research but also on the poignant stories passed on by her great-grandmother. Jauken brings the story full circle, as she chronicles the 1990 reconciliation ceremony between descendants of her family and the Southern Cheyennes whose ancestors claimed the lives of her great-great-grandparents"--Back cover
Book Synopsis Indian Wars of the Red River Valley by : William H. Leckie
Download or read book Indian Wars of the Red River Valley written by William H. Leckie and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis It Was Sheridan's Fault Not Custer's: LTG Sheridan’s Campaign Plans Against The Plain Indians by : Major Hubert L. Stephens
Download or read book It Was Sheridan's Fault Not Custer's: LTG Sheridan’s Campaign Plans Against The Plain Indians written by Major Hubert L. Stephens and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Martin van Creveld, a noted theorist, contends that the concept of operational art did not take off in the U.S. until after the Vietnam War. Conversely, James Schneider, a prominent military theorist, asserts that operational art began in the American Civil War. This monograph provides a holistic analysis of four Plains Indian War Campaigns. Lieutenant General (LTG) Philip Sheridan conducted all four campaigns. This analysis illustrates several enduring principles of both operational art and counterinsurgency (COIN) operations. The purpose of the monograph is to explain the initial failure of LTG Sheridan’s 1876 Centennial Campaign against the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians. Additionally, this explanation relates the significance of LTG Sheridan’s planning to contemporary COIN campaign planning. The overall methodology is the incorporation of four case studies to test the theory of sanctuary control and elimination of resources to defeat insurgencies. The monograph contains three key findings. The first key finding is that the failure at the Little Big Horn was LTG Sheridan’s fault not LTC Custer’s, and this directly relates to the second finding. The second key finding is the importance of operational art in designing a campaign plan to link tactical actions to strategic objectives. The third finding is the efficacy of some of the current COIN tenets...Ultimately, this monograph demonstrates the utility of a strategy of exhaustion and its resulting operations to control terrain and insurgent sanctuaries as well as to deny the enemy resources to defeat an insurgency.
Book Synopsis Indian-white Relations in the United States by : Francis Paul Prucha
Download or read book Indian-white Relations in the United States written by Francis Paul Prucha and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1982-01-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tool for scholars working in the field of Indian studies. This title covers the topic of Indian-white relations with breadth and depth.
Book Synopsis Operational Art In The Sioux War Of 1876 by : Major James W. Shufelt Jr.
Download or read book Operational Art In The Sioux War Of 1876 written by Major James W. Shufelt Jr. and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph discusses the role of operational art in the Sioux War of 1876, the U.S. Army’s largest campaign between the Civil War and the Spanish-American War. This campaign, often overlooked in the historical study of operational art, demonstrates the successful application of operational art in a non-traditional campaign: the U.S. Army’s defeat of the Northern Sioux Indians and their allies. This campaign also demonstrates how operational art can lead to operational victory, despite repeated tactical failures. The monograph first defines operational art, based on emerging U.S. Army doctrine, and then reviews its role in three campaigns that served as models for the Army’s operations in the Sioux War of 1876: Grant’s 1864-1865 campaign to defeat the Confederacy, the Southern Plains War of 1868-1869, and the Red River War of 1874-1875. The plans and execution of the Sioux War of 1876 are then reviewed and analyzed utilizing the definition of operational art and modem concepts for operational planning. The causes of failure in the 1876 campaign are then analyzed, based on Cohen and Gooch’s methodology for analysis of military failure, followed by explanation of the campaign’s ultimate success. The monograph concludes that the Frontier Army’s success in this campaign demonstrates successful application of operational art, despite many errors in planning and execution committed by General Sheridan and his subordinates. Additional lessons from this campaign include the danger of blindly applying previously successful models for operations, the preeminent role of the operational commander, and the validity of operational art in campaigns against unconventional foes.
