The Physical Basis Of Mbms And Variable Frequency Magnitude Methods For Earthquake Explosion Discrimination

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The Physical Basis of Mb:Ms and Variable Frequency Magnitude Methods for Earthquake/Explosion Discrimination

Author : J. L. Stevens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physical Basis of Mb:Ms and Variable Frequency Magnitude Methods for Earthquake/Explosion Discrimination by : J. L. Stevens

Download or read book The Physical Basis of Mb:Ms and Variable Frequency Magnitude Methods for Earthquake/Explosion Discrimination written by J. L. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the theoretical basis for the body wave magnitude: surface wave magnitude (mb:Ms) and Variable Frequency Magnitude (VFM) earthquake/explosion discriminants in light of recent results from numerical modeling of earthquake and explosion dynamics. We examine the effects of source mechanism (double-couple versus point dilatation), source depth, source spectra, and source region elastic structure. We use six three-dimensional finite difference simulations of earthquakes for the earthquake source models, and four empirical (Mueller-Murphy) and four numerical models for explosions in different materials. We estimate that source mechanisms (i.e., quadrupole versus monopole) contributes about .35 magnitude on the average to the separation between earthquakes and explosions on a mb:Ms diagram. VFM discrimination depends primarily on spectral differences between earthquakes and explosions. Theoretical separation of the earthquake and explosion populations is very clear for explosions in granite at frequencies of 2 Hz or greater with mb 4.0. Smaller events may be discriminated using higher frequencies. Separation is not as good for explosions in low velocity materials such as tuff, especially at low yields. For small events, the mb:Ms and VFM discrimination methods work (or fail) for quite different reasons.

Improving Earthquake-Explosion Discrimination Using Attenuation Models of the Crust and Upper Mantle

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Earthquake-Explosion Discrimination Using Attenuation Models of the Crust and Upper Mantle by :

Download or read book Improving Earthquake-Explosion Discrimination Using Attenuation Models of the Crust and Upper Mantle written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past year, we have made significant progress on developing and calibrating methodologies to improve earthquake-explosion discrimination using high-frequency regional P/S amplitude ratios. Closely-spaced earthquakes and explosions generally discriminate easily using this method, as demonstrated by recordings of explosions from test sites around the world. In relatively simple geophysical regions such as the continental parts of the Yellow Sea and Korean Peninsula (YSKP) we have successfully used a 1-D Magnitude and Distance Amplitude Correction methodology (1-D MDAC) to extend the regional P/S technique over large areas. However in tectonically complex regions such as the Middle East, or the mixed oceanic-continental paths for the YSKP the lateral variations in amplitudes are not well predicted by 1-D corrections and 1-D MDAC P/S discrimination over broad areas can perform poorly. We have developed a new technique to map 2-D attenuation structure in the crust and upper mantle. We retain the MDAC source model and geometrical spreading formulation and use the amplitudes of the four primary regional phases (Pn, Pg, Sn, Lg), to develop a simultaneous multi-phase approach to determine the P-wave and S-wave attenuation of the lithosphere. The methodology allows solving for attenuation structure in different depth layers. Here we show results for the P and S-wave attenuation in crust and upper mantle layers. When applied to the Middle East, we find variations in the attenuation quality factor Q that are consistent with the complex tectonics of the region. For example, provinces along the tectonically-active Tethys collision zone (e.g. Turkish Plateau, Zagros) have high attenuation in both the crust and upper mantle, while the stable outlying regions like the Indian Shield generally have low attenuation. In the Arabian Shield, however, we find that the low attenuation in this Precambrian crust is underlain by a high-attenuation upper mantle similar to the nearby Red Sea Rift. Applying this 2-D MDAC methodology with the new attenuation models can significantly improve earthquake-explosion discrimination using regional P/S amplitude ratios. We demonstrate applications of this technique, including a study at station NIL (Nilore, Pakistan) using broad area earthquakes and the 1998 Indian nuclear explosion using a number of regional amplitude ratio discriminants. We are currently applying the technique in the YSKP region as well.

High-Frequency Spectra of Earthquakes and Explosions

Author : F. J. Tanis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Frequency Spectra of Earthquakes and Explosions by : F. J. Tanis

Download or read book High-Frequency Spectra of Earthquakes and Explosions written by F. J. Tanis and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Existing seismic earthquake and explosion data have been analyzed as part of the near-field earthquake program. Source characteristics of small magnitude events were investigated to better understand earthquake/explosion discrimination techniques. Coda spectral analysis was found useful in determining source parameters from high-frequency data. Because of the large influence of path effect on spectral shape, the use of body wave data was found to present greater difficulties. Source parameters did not seem to be significantly different for explosions and earthquakes. Site location generally had a strong effect on source characteristics. (Author).

Fundamentals of Geophysics

Author : William Lowrie
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139465953
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Geophysics by : William Lowrie

Download or read book Fundamentals of Geophysics written by William Lowrie and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-09-20 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Fundamentals of Geophysics has been completely revised and updated, and is the ideal geophysics textbook for undergraduate students of geoscience with an introductory level of knowledge in physics and mathematics. It gives a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental principles of each major branch of geophysics, and presents geophysics within the wider context of plate tectonics, geodynamics and planetary science. Basic principles are explained with the aid of numerous figures and step-by-step mathematical treatments, and important geophysical results are illustrated with examples from the scientific literature. Text-boxes are used for auxiliary explanations and to handle topics of interest for more advanced students. This new edition also includes review questions at the end of each chapter to help assess the reader's understanding of the topics covered and quantitative exercises for more thorough evaluation. Solutions to the exercises and electronic copies of the figures are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521859028.

LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution

Author : Stefania Sesia
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470660252
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution by : Stefania Sesia

Download or read book LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution written by Stefania Sesia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Where this book is exceptional is that the reader will not just learn how LTE works but why it works" Adrian Scrase, ETSI Vice-President, International Partnership Projects Following on the success of the first edition, this book is fully updated, covering the latest additions to LTE and the key features of LTE-Advanced. This book builds on the success of its predecessor, offering the same comprehensive system-level understanding built on explanations of the underlying theory, now expanded to include complete coverage of Release 9 and the developing specifications for LTE-Advanced. The book is a collaborative effort of more than 40 key experts representing over 20 companies actively participating in the development of LTE, as well as academia. The book highlights practical implications, illustrates the expected performance, and draws comparisons with the well-known WCDMA/HSPA standards. The authors not only pay special attention to the physical layer, giving an insight into the fundamental concepts of OFDMA-FDMA and MIMO, but also cover the higher protocol layers and system architecture to enable the reader to gain an overall understanding of the system. Key New Features: Comprehensively updated with the latest changes of the LTE Release 8 specifications, including improved coverage of Radio Resource Management RF aspects and performance requirements Provides detailed coverage of the new LTE Release 9 features, including: eMBMS, dual-layer beamforming, user equipment positioning, home eNodeBs / femtocells and pico cells and self-optimizing networks Evaluates the LTE system performance Introduces LTE-Advanced, explaining its context and motivation, as well as the key new features including: carrier aggregation, relaying, high-order MIMO, and Cooperative Multi-Point transmission (CoMP). Includes an accompanying website containing a complete list of acronyms related to LTE and LTE-Advanced, with a brief description of each (http://www.wiley.com/go/sesia_theumts) This book is an invaluable reference for all research and development engineers involved in implementation of LTE or LTE-Advanced, as well as graduate and PhD students in wireless communications. Network operators, service providers and R&D managers will also find this book insightful.

Assessing Earthquake Hazards and Reducing Risk in the Pacific Northwest

Author : Albert M. Rogers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Earthquake Hazards and Reducing Risk in the Pacific Northwest by : Albert M. Rogers

Download or read book Assessing Earthquake Hazards and Reducing Risk in the Pacific Northwest written by Albert M. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of the earthquake potential in the Pacific Northwest and examination of the measures necessary to reduce seismic hazards.

50 Years of Ocean Discovery

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172578
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis 50 Years of Ocean Discovery by : National Research Council

Download or read book 50 Years of Ocean Discovery written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-01-03 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the development of ocean sciences over the past 50 years, highlighting the contributions of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to the field's progress. Many of the individuals who participated in the exciting discoveries in biological oceanography, chemical oceanography, physical oceanography, and marine geology and geophysics describe in the book how the discoveries were made possible by combinations of insightful individuals, new technology, and in some cases, serendipity. In addition to describing the advance of ocean science, the book examines the institutional structures and technology that made the advances possible and presents visions of the field's future. This book is the first-ever documentation of the history of NSF's Division of Ocean Sciences, how the structure of the division evolved to its present form, and the individuals who have been responsible for ocean sciences at NSF as "rotators" and career staff over the past 50 years.

Facilities Manager's Desk Reference

Author : Jane M. Wiggins
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119633591
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Facilities Manager's Desk Reference by : Jane M. Wiggins

Download or read book Facilities Manager's Desk Reference written by Jane M. Wiggins and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to the principle services of facilities management, revised and updated The updated third edition of Facilities Manager's Desk Reference is an invaluable resource covering all the principal facility management (FM) services. The author—a noted facilities management expert—provides the information needed to ensure compliance to current laws, to deliver opportunities to adopt new ways of using built environments, and to identify creative ways to reduce operational occupancy costs, while maintaining appropriate and productive working environment standards. The third edition is fully updated and written in an approachable and concise format. It is comprehensive in scope, the author covering both hard and soft facilities management issues. Since the first edition was published it has become a first point of reference for busy facilities managers, saving them time by providing access to the information needed to ensure the safe, effective and efficient running of any facilities function. This important book: Has been fully updated, reviewing the essential data covering the principal FM services Is highly practical, ideal for the busy FM practitioner Presents information on legal compliance issues, the development of strategic policies, tactical best practices, and much more Is a time-saving resource that brings together essential, useful, and practical FM information in one handy volume; Written for students and professional facilities managers, Facilities Manager's Desk Reference is designed as a practical resource that offers FMs assistance in finding solutions to the myriad demands of the job.

Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology

Author : Gabriel Wurzer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331900008X
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology by : Gabriel Wurzer

Download or read book Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology written by Gabriel Wurzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-08 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeology has been historically reluctant to embrace the subject of agent-based simulation, since it was seen as being used to "re-enact" and "visualize" possible scenarios for a wider (generally non-scientific) audience, based on scarce and fuzzy data. Furthermore, modeling "in exact terms" and programming as a means for producing agent-based simulations were simply beyond the field of the social sciences. This situation has changed quite drastically with the advent of the internet age: Data, it seems, is now ubiquitous. Researchers have switched from simply collecting data to filtering, selecting and deriving insights in a cybernetic manner. Agent-based simulation is one of the tools used to glean information from highly complex excavation sites according to formalized models, capturing essential properties in a highly abstract and yet spatial manner. As such, the goal of this book is to present an overview of techniques used and work conducted in that field, drawing on the experience of practitioners.

Advanced Mineralogy

Author : A.S. Marfunin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540572541
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Mineralogy by : A.S. Marfunin

Download or read book Advanced Mineralogy written by A.S. Marfunin and published by Springer. This book was released on 1994-08-23 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral matter investigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineral ogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.

Habitability of Other Planets and Satellites

Author : Jean-Pierre de Vera
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400765460
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Habitability of Other Planets and Satellites by : Jean-Pierre de Vera

Download or read book Habitability of Other Planets and Satellites written by Jean-Pierre de Vera and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the Earth the right model and the only universal key to understand habitability, the origin and maintenance of life? Are we able to detect life elsewhere in the universe by the existing techniques and by the upcoming space missions? This book tries to give answers by focusing on environmental properties, which are playing a major role in influencing planetary surfaces or the interior of planets and satellites. The book gives insights into the nature of planets or satellites and their potential to harbor life. Different scientific disciplines are searching for the clues to classify planetary bodies as a habitable object and what kind of instruments and what kind of space exploration missions are necessary to detect life. Results from model calculations, field studies and from laboratory studies in planetary simulation facilities will help to elucidate if some of the planets and satellites in our solar system as well as in extra-solar systems are potentially habitable for life.

Advances in Computing and Information Technology

Author : Natarajan Meghanathan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642315992
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Computing and Information Technology by : Natarajan Meghanathan

Download or read book Advances in Computing and Information Technology written by Natarajan Meghanathan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-13 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international conference on Advances in Computing and Information technology (ACITY 2012) provides an excellent international forum for both academics and professionals for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Computer Science and Information Technology. The Second International Conference on Advances in Computing and Information technology (ACITY 2012), held in Chennai, India, during July 13-15, 2012, covered a number of topics in all major fields of Computer Science and Information Technology including: networking and communications, network security and applications, web and internet computing, ubiquitous computing, algorithms, bioinformatics, digital image processing and pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, soft computing and applications. Upon a strength review process, a number of high-quality, presenting not only innovative ideas but also a founded evaluation and a strong argumentation of the same, were selected and collected in the present proceedings, that is composed of three different volumes.

Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations

Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080878199
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations written by James G. Speight and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations is an authoritative source providing extensive up-to-date coverage of the technology used in the exploration, drilling, production, and operations in an offshore setting. Offshore oil and gas activity is growing at an expansive rate and this must-have training guide covers the full spectrum including geology, types of platforms, exploration methods, production and enhanced recovery methods, pipelines, and envinronmental managment and impact, specifically worldwide advances in study, control, and prevention of the industry's impact on the marine environment and its living resources. In addition, this book provides a go-to glossary for quick reference. Handbook of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations empowers oil and gas engineers and managers to understand and capture on one of the fastest growing markets in the energy sector today. Quickly become familiar with the oil and gas offshore industry, including deepwater operations Understand the full spectrum of the business, including environmental impacts and future challenges Gain knowledge and exposure on critical standards and real-world case studies

Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Algorithms in Engineering Systems

Author : L Padma Suresh
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 8132221354
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Algorithms in Engineering Systems by : L Padma Suresh

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Algorithms in Engineering Systems written by L Padma Suresh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented in Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Algorithms in Engineering Systems (ICAEES 2014) held at Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, India. These research papers provide the latest developments in the broad area of use of artificial intelligence and evolutionary algorithms in engineering systems. The book discusses wide variety of industrial, engineering and scientific applications of the emerging techniques. It presents invited papers from the inventors/originators of new applications and advanced technologies.

Information Technology for Peace and Security

Author : Christian Reuter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658256524
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (582 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Technology for Peace and Security by : Christian Reuter

Download or read book Information Technology for Peace and Security written by Christian Reuter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to Information Technology with regard to peace, conflict, and security research, a topic that it approaches from natural science, technical and computer science perspectives. Following an initial review of the fundamental roles of IT in connection with peace, conflict and security, the contributing authors address the rise of cyber conflicts via information warfare, cyber espionage, cyber defence and Darknets. The book subsequently explores recent examples of cyber warfare, including: • The Stuxnet attack on Iran’s uranium refining capability • The hacking of the German Federal Parliament’s internal communication system • The Wannacry malware campaign, which used software stolen from a US security agency to launch ransomware attacks worldwide The book then introduces readers to the concept of cyber peace, including a discussion of confidence and security-building measures. A section on Cyber Arms Control draws comparisons to global efforts to control chemical warfare, to reduce the risk of nuclear war, and to prevent the militarization of space. Additional topics include the security of critical information infrastructures, and cultural violence and peace in social media. The book concludes with an outlook on the future role of IT in peace and security. Information Technology for Peace and Security breaks new ground in a largely unexplored field of study, and offers a valuable asset for a broad readership including students, educators and working professionals in computer science, IT security, peace and conflict studies, and political science.

Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems

Author : Linda M. French
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400756052
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems by : Linda M. French

Download or read book Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems written by Linda M. French and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is volume 3 of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, a six-volume compendium of modern astronomical research covering subjects of key interest to the main fields of contemporary astronomy. This volume on “Solar and Stellar Planetary Systems” edited by Linda French and Paul Kalas presents accessible review chapters From Disks to Planets, Dynamical Evolution of Planetary Systems, The Terrestrial Planets, Gas and Ice Giant Interiors, Atmospheres of Jovian Planets, Planetary Magnetospheres, Planetary Rings, An Overview of the Asteroids and Meteorites, Dusty Planetary Systems and Exoplanet Detection Methods. All chapters of the handbook were written by practicing professionals. They include sufficient background material and references to the current literature to allow readers to learn enough about a specialty within astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology to get started on their own practical research projects. In the spirit of the series Stars and Stellar Systems published by Chicago University Press in the 1960s and 1970s, each chapter of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems can stand on its own as a fundamental review of its respective sub-discipline, and each volume can be used as a textbook or recommended reference work for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate courses. Advanced students and professional astronomers in their roles as both lecturers and researchers will welcome Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems as a comprehensive and pedagogical reference work on astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology.

Supply Chain Risk Management

Author : Gregory L. Schlegel
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482205971
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Supply Chain Risk Management by : Gregory L. Schlegel

Download or read book Supply Chain Risk Management written by Gregory L. Schlegel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-14 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You don’t have to outrun the bear ... you just have to outrun the other guy. Often in business we only have to run a bit faster than our competitors to be successful. The same is true in risk management. While we would always like to anticipate and prevent risk from happening, when risk events do occur being faster, flexible, and more responsive than others can make a world of difference. Supply Chain Risk Management: An Emerging Discipline gives you the tools and expertise to do just that. While the focus of the book is on how you can react better and faster than the others, the text also helps you understand how to prevent certain risks from happening in the first place. The authors detail a risk management framework that helps you reduce the costs associated with risk, protect your brand and reputation, ensure positive financial outcomes, and develop visible, predictable, resilient, and sustainable supply chains. They provide access to a cloud-based, end-to-end supply chain risk assessment "Heat Map" that illustrates the maturity of the chain through the various stages. It should not come as a surprise to anyone that the world is a riskier place than it was just 15 years ago. A survey used to calculate the Allianz Risk Barometer recently concluded for the first time that supply chain risk is now the top concern of global insurance providers. For most organizations this new reality requires major adjustments, some of which will not be easy. This book helps you understand the emerging discipline called supply chain risk management. It explains the relevant concepts, supplies a wide variety of tools and approaches to help your organization stay ahead of its competitors, and takes a look at future directions in risk management—all in a clear, concise presentation that gives you practical advice and helps you develop actionable strategies.