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The Phylogenetic Relationships And Zoogeography Of The Snakes Of The Genus Leptodeira
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Book Synopsis THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SNAKES OF THE GENUS LEPTODEIRA. by : William Edward Duellman
Download or read book THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SNAKES OF THE GENUS LEPTODEIRA. written by William Edward Duellman and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Systematic Status of the Colubrid Snake, Leptodeira discolor Günther by : William Edward Duellman
Download or read book Systematic Status of the Colubrid Snake, Leptodeira discolor Günther written by William Edward Duellman and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2021-04-25 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report pertains to the author's re-analysis of a previously discovered snake species, which was thought to belong to either the genera Leptodeira or Hypsiglena. After further study, the author determined that the species cannot be categorized to either genus, and should instead be grouped under an entirely new one named Tantalophis.
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships Among Advanced Snakes by : John E. Cadle
Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships Among Advanced Snakes written by John E. Cadle and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph addresses questions concerning the evolutionary history of advanced snakes using molecular phylogenetic data. Viperids are the sister group of the other clades examined. Atractaspis may share a lineage with elapids. The study concludes that, because of sampling problems, many generalizations concerning snake evolution derived from the fossil record, particularly those about the age of lineages, are probably in error.
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of the Colubrid Snakes of the Genus Adelphicos in the Highlands of Middle America by : Jonathan A. Campbell
Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of the Colubrid Snakes of the Genus Adelphicos in the Highlands of Middle America written by Jonathan A. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Snakes by : Robert D. Aldridge
Download or read book Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Snakes written by Robert D. Aldridge and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering coverage of a wide range of topics on snake reproduction and phylogeny, this comprehensive book discusses everything from primordial germ migration in developing embryos to semelparity (death after reproduction) in the aspic viper. Beginning with a review of the history of snake reproductive studies, it presents new findings on development
Book Synopsis A Monographic Study of the Colubrid Snake Genus Leptodeira by : William Edward Duellman
Download or read book A Monographic Study of the Colubrid Snake Genus Leptodeira written by William Edward Duellman and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The genus Leptodeira Fitzinger, 1843, includes as absolute synonyms the generic names Megalops Hallowell, 1861, Anoplophallus Cope, 1893, and Pseudoleptodeira Taylor, 1938. Nine species comprise the genus; five of these are monotypic; one embraces five subspecies, one includes four subspecies, and two others each contain three subspecies, making a total of 20 forms. Two subspecies are described as new in this paper. The genus is characterized by maxillary teeth that increase in size posteriorly followed by a diastema and two enlarged, grooved fangs. There are two apical pits, elliptical pupil, divided anal, smooth dorsal scales, normal complement of colubrid head shields, and a capitate hemipenis with many large spines. Four species groups are separated on the nature of the hemipenes, the dentition and certain skull elements, particularly the quadrates, vomers, and maxillaries. Analysis of the characters shows that the most useful in a systematic study of the snakes are the numbers of ventrals, caudals, and dorsal scale rows, the numbers of upper labials and preocular scales, the number, shape, and size of the body blotches, and the nature of the dorsal head pattern. Analysis of numerous character clines shows that parallel clines may exist in two or more species in certain characters, but that in others the clines may diverge. Discontinuous clines are common. In some cases these are correlated with striking morphological changes between populations and become incorporated in the characteristics of subspecies. Studies of the skull of Leptodeira indicate that the skull is a normal colubrid type without striking specializations. Certain skeletal elements readily identify it from related genera. The poison glands (modified posterior portions of parotid glands) are large and produce a venom of sufficient strength to kill small frogs and lizards. The distribution of the genus is essentially throughout the American tropics to elevations of about 2000 meters. Some forms are restricted to semi-arid habitats; others live in tropical rain forest. Two species range from semi-arid to wet forest environments; each has a subspecies adapted to arboreal life in the forest by having a reduced number of dorsal scale rows, enlarged vertebral and paravertebral scale rows, and a laterally compressed body. Snakes of this genus feed primarily on frogs and toads; some lizards are included in the diet. The snakes are nocturnal and appear to reach their greatest abundance at times of congregations of breeding frogs. So far as is known, all species are oviparous and may lay as many as 13 eggs. On penial characters Leptodeira may be placed with Hypsiglena and Trimorphodon as a subgroup of colubrine snakes. If Leptodeira is related to Trimorphodon, they must have diverged early in their evolutionary history. Hypsiglena and Leptodeira are closely related and evolved from a common ancestral stock. The African snakes of the genus Crotaphopeltis that have been placed in the genus Leptodeira represent a separate evolutionary line of colubrine snakes. Based on the Cenozoic history of tropical America, studies of the morphology and distribution of the snakes, and the fossil record of other animals, the evolutionary history of Leptodeira has been reconstructed. This shows that Leptodeira and Hypsiglena underwent generic differentiation from a common ancestral stock in southern México during the early Miocene. By middle Miocene time the groups of Leptodeira had diverged. The present distribution and differentiation are a result of the effects of sea portals across Middle America that isolated populations often for long periods of time, and the Cenozoic orogenies that changed the uniform climatic conditions of Middle America and produced arid as well as humid habitats"--P. 143.
Download or read book Wildlife Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Relationships of the Colubrid Snakes of the Genus Adelphicos in the Highlands of Middle America (Classic Reprint) by : Jonathan A. Campbell
Download or read book Phylogenetic Relationships of the Colubrid Snakes of the Genus Adelphicos in the Highlands of Middle America (Classic Reprint) written by Jonathan A. Campbell and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Phylogenetic Relationships of the Colubrid Snakes of the Genus Adelphicos in the Highlands of Middle America The first plate bordered on both sides by the first row of dorsals was considered to be the first ventral (dowling, We use the term cephalic index to denote head width/ head length X 100. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis The Phylogeny and Classification of Reptiles by : Samuel Wendell Williston
Download or read book The Phylogeny and Classification of Reptiles written by Samuel Wendell Williston and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relationships and Zoogeography of the Genus Thalerophis Oliver by : James Arthur Oliver
Download or read book The Relationships and Zoogeography of the Genus Thalerophis Oliver written by James Arthur Oliver and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The genus Thalerophis Oliver is composed of six species; four of these are monotypic, one embraces two subspecies, and another contains 12 subspecies. All have the posteriormost maxillary teeth enlarged but not grooved; the hemipenis may or may not have enlarged basal spines; the dorsal scale formula is 15-15-11, and keels are present on the scales of at least two rows; the ventrals vary in number from 133 to 184 plates; the upper labials are eight or nine in number, with two shields in contact with the orbit; the loreal shield is present or absent; the oculars are one preocular and two postoculars; the temporals normally consist of one anterior and two posterior shields; and all have some green in the coloration, which in the adults is usually a uniform green or with dark longitudinal stripes, but one species has an adult color pattern of narrow, dark transverse bands. The genus occurs in the warm, relatively humid lowlands of the mainland of Latin America from northern Mexico to northern Argentina. The members of the genus are semi-arboreal or arboreal inhabitants of the forested areas: the tropical and subtropical rain forest, the tropical deciduous forest, and the scrub forests of the Neotropical realm. They are oviparous and feed principally on frogs of the family Hylidae. The genus is a part of the Old Northern colubrine stock that has entered Middle and South America from the north and has undergone subsequent evolution in these areas. It appears to be most closely related to the genera Drymobius and Dryadophis which are also inhabitants of the Neotropical region. Thalerophis probably originated in lower Central America from which region it has spread northward into upper Central America and southward into virtually all of the warm, humid, lowland, forest areas"--Page 273
Download or read book National Union Catalog written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes entries for maps and atlases.
Book Synopsis Revision of the Neotropical Snake Genus Chironius Fitzinger (Serpentes, Colubridae) by : John Alton Wiest
Download or read book Revision of the Neotropical Snake Genus Chironius Fitzinger (Serpentes, Colubridae) written by John Alton Wiest and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Snakes--ecology and Evolutionary Biology by : Richard A. Seigel
Download or read book Snakes--ecology and Evolutionary Biology written by Richard A. Seigel and published by MacMillan Publishing Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Notes on the Mexican Snakes of the Genus Leptodeira, with a Proposal of a New Snake Genus, Pseudoleptodeira by : Edward Harrison Taylor
Download or read book Notes on the Mexican Snakes of the Genus Leptodeira, with a Proposal of a New Snake Genus, Pseudoleptodeira written by Edward Harrison Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Source Analysis and Index for Mexican Reptiles by : Hobart Muir Smith
Download or read book Source Analysis and Index for Mexican Reptiles written by Hobart Muir Smith and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Venomous Rattlesnakes and New World Coral Snakes by : Jacobo Reyes-Velasco
Download or read book The Venomous Rattlesnakes and New World Coral Snakes written by Jacobo Reyes-Velasco and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle America is one of the most biologically diverse regions in the world, however it also possesses some of the highest rates of biodiversity loss. Reptiles are especially diverse in this region, and are a very important component of the biota, from a biological as well as a cultural perspective. Venomous snakes are the most studied group of reptiles in Mexico and Central America, as they are of great ecological and medical importance. Nevertheless, our understanding of the evolutionary relationships of many groups of venomous snakes is superficial. Understanding these relationships is no trivial matter as it is fundamental to appropriately address broader evolutionary questions. Herein I examine the systematic relationships of the two most diverse lineages of venomous snakes in Middle America, the rattlesnakes (genus Crotalus) and the coralsnakes (genus Micrurus). In particular, I studied the phylogenetic relationships of an obscure lineage of rattlesnakes, the longtailed rattlesnakes, as well as the phylogeny and species limits of coralsnakes in the diastema species complex of the genus Micrurus. I used nuclear and mitochondrial genes to test if the longtailed rattlesnakes form a monophyletic group and to estimate their closest relatives within the genus. By doing so, I provide the most robust molecular phylogeny for the rattlesnakes to date. Relationships among coralsnakes are known to be difficult to estimate with the use of DNA markers obtained from traditional sequencing techniques. Therefore, I use a combination of traditional sequencing of mitochondrial DNA and next generation sequencing (in the form of double digest restriction associated DNA sequencing, ddradseq), to elucidate evolutionary relationships and species limits within the diastema species complex of coralsnakes. Lastly, I made use of the Burmese python genome as a proxy to understand how non-venom genes became recruited into venom systems in the most recent ancestor of both coralsnakes and rattlesnakes.
Book Synopsis Notes on the Mexican Snakes of the Genus Leptodeira, with a Proposal of a New Snake Genus Pseudoleptodeira by : Edward H. Taylor
Download or read book Notes on the Mexican Snakes of the Genus Leptodeira, with a Proposal of a New Snake Genus Pseudoleptodeira written by Edward H. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
