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Author : Allen P. Klippel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)
Download or read book The Need for a Mandatory Seat Belt Law written by Allen P. Klippel and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark L. Booz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws written by Mark L. Booz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low seat belt usage rates have persisted for years despite efforts to educate people about belts' benefits. There is ample documentation of the contribution of seat belts to saving lives and reducing injury. The emotional and pecuniary toll of the failure to use belts is enormous, yet of little effect in modifying people's behavior. Involuntary measures seem to be the only effective solution to the problem of misperceptions about belts' effectiveness and ingrained attitudes which resist education. Compulsory belt use laws have been successful in other countries, and since 1984 have been considered by the Department of Transportation to be a viable alternative to passive restraints. The possibility of the widespread adoption of mandatory belt use laws has again raised questions about the legitimacy of such self-protective legislation. A similar debate spawned many court cases 15-20 years ago when mandatory motorcycle helmet use laws were passed. Many of the arguments made then are relevant to the seat belt issue. The basic question remains: Are the devices effective enough and is the public interest in protecting the individual strong enough to warrant the intrusion on privacy? The answer must consider that driving takes place in a public arena. Further, studies indicate a substantial correlation between seat belt use and the protection of life and health. A case can be made for many third party effects and social costs of accidents, so this matter involves more than a mere question of the individual right of privacy. Given the traditional deference of the courts to state legislatures in the area of highway safety regulation, mandatory seat belt use laws may well pass constitutional challenges. Various legal theories support this conclusion. The right to travel is subject to reasonable regulation. A law applicable to all automobiles can hardly be described as discriminatory, thus dismissing equal protection objections. As long as there is no substantial interference with interstate travel and there are tangible "local" benefits, the flow of commerce is not impermissibly restricted. The volume of statistics supporting belts' efficacy constitute a reasonable means of serving a legitimate state interest in public health and welfare. They may well pass a more rigorous standard, and amount to a real and substantial relation between the law and its objective. The due process challenge thus being satisfied, the remaining question becomes one of a policy choice for the legislature about the desirability of this means over other alternatives.
Author : B. F. Bohan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Seat Belts and the Law: Mandatory Use Laws and the Legal Consequences of Non-use. Volume I. Final Report written by B. F. Bohan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joseph Grey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (856 download)
Download or read book Mandatory Seat Belt Use Laws written by Joseph Grey and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purposes of this study were to review mandatory seat belt use laws as they have been used around the world, to forecast the impact of such a law in Virginia, and, if appropriate, to propose a mandatory seat belt law for inclusion in the Code of Virginia. This report consists of a review of the literature on mandatory seat belt laws, an analysis of automobile crash data for Virginia for the years 1978 through 1983, and a study of available statistics on current restraint use in the Commonwealth. The results indicate that a mandatory seat belt law would save hundreds of lives and cause great reductions in injuries from automobile accidents. The relatively low administrative costs associated with this law would be vastly outweighed by savings directly attributable to seat belt use. Consequently this report proposes that an act mandating restraint use be passed in Virginia.
Author : Jerome S. Legge
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)
Download or read book A Mandatory Seat Belt Law for Georgia? written by Jerome S. Legge and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jerry L. Mashaw
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780674423466
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (234 download)
Download or read book The Struggle for Auto Safety written by Jerry L. Mashaw and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining superb investigative reporting with incisive analysis, Jerry Mashaw and David Harfst provide a compelling account of the attempt to regulate auto safety in America. Their penetrating look inside the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) spans two decades and reveals the complexities of regulating risk in a free society. Hoping to stem the tide of rising automobile deaths and injuries, Congress passed the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act in 1966. From that point on, automakers would build cars under the watchful eyes of the federal regulators at NHTSA. Curiously, however, the agency abandoned its safety mission of setting, monitoring, and enforcing performance standards in favor of the largely symbolic act of recalling defective autos. Mashaw and Harfst argue that the regulatory shift from rules to recalls was neither a response to a new vision of the public interest nor a result of pressure by the auto industry or other interest groups. Instead, the culprit was the legal environment surrounding NHTSA and other regulatory agencies such as the EPA, OSHA, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The authors show how NHTSA's decisions as well as its organization, processes, and personnel were reoriented in order to comply with the demands of a legal culture that proved surprisingly resistant to regulatory pressures. This broad-gauged view of NHTSA has much to say about political idealism and personal ambition, scientific commitment and professional competition, long-range vision and political opportunism. A fascinating illustration of America's ambivalence over whether government is a source of--or solution to--social ills, The Struggle for Auto Safety offers important lessons about the design and management of effective health and safety regulatory agencies today.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Standard Enforcement Saves Lives written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : C. Livingston
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Task Force Report on Mandatory Safety Belt Usage Laws written by C. Livingston and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Allen Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (21 download)
Download or read book The Impact of the Mandatory Seat Belt Law in Massachusetts written by Mark Allen Miller and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christopher Scott Carpenter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Effects of Mandatory Seatbelt Laws on Seatbelt Use, Motor Vehicle Fatalities, and Crash-related Injuries Among Youths written by Christopher Scott Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "We provide the first comprehensive assessment of the effects of mandatory seatbelt laws on self-reported seatbelt use, highway fatalities, and crash-related injuries among high school age youths using data from the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) national, state, and local Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) and the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) from 1991 to 2005, a period spanning over 20 changes in state seatbelt laws. Our quasi-experimental approaches isolate the independent effects of seatbelt laws net of demographic characteristics, area and year fixed effects, and smooth area-specific trends. Across all data sources, we find consistent evidence that state mandatory seatbelt laws -- particularly those permitting primary enforcement -- significantly increased seatbelt use among high school age youths by 45-80 percent, primarily at the extensive margin. Unlike previous research for adults, however, we find evidence against the selective recruitment hypothesis: seatbelt laws had consistently larger effects on those most likely to be involved in traffic accidents (drinkers, alcohol-involved drivers). We also find that mandatory seatbelt laws significantly reduced traffic fatalities and serious injuries resulting from fatal crashes by 8 and 9 percent, respectively. Our results suggest that if all states had primary enforcement seatbelt laws then regular youth seatbelt use would be nearly universal and youth fatalities would fall by about 120 per year"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Auto & Traffic Safety written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Allan Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (26 download)
Download or read book The Impact of the Massachusetts Mandatory Seat Belt Law written by Mark Allan Miller and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Lewis Thomas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)
Download or read book Freedom to be Foolish? L.B. 496: the Mandatory Seat Belt Law written by John Lewis Thomas and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan Tresidder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (56 download)
Download or read book Mandatory Seat Belt Laws written by Alan Tresidder and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. Goe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)
Download or read book Buckling Up: how the Mandatory Seatbelt Law Affects the Seatbelt Defense written by R. Goe and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Karl E. Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (229 download)
Download or read book Hawaii's Mandatory Seat Belt Law written by Karl E. Kim and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309085934
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Buckling Up written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing seat belt use is one of the most effective and least costly ways of reducing the lives lost and injuries incurred on the nation's highways each year, yet about one in four drivers and front-seat passengers continues to ride unbuckled. The Transportation Research Board, in response to a congressional request for a study to examine the potential of in-vehicle technologies to increase belt use, formed a panel of 12 experts having expertise in the areas of automotive engineering, design, and regulation; traffic safety and injury prevention; human factors; survey research methods; economics; and technology education and consumer interest. This panel, named the Committee for the Safety Belt Technology Study, examined the potential benefits of technologies designed to increase belt use, determined how drivers view the acceptability of the technologies, and considered whether legislative or regulatory actions are necessary to enable their installation on passenger vehicles. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the study sponsor, funded and conducted interviews and focus groups of samples of different belt user groups to learn more about the potential effectiveness and acceptability of technologies ranging from seat belt reminder systems to more aggressive interlock systems, and provided the information collected to the study committee. The committee also supplemented its expertise by holding its second meeting in Dearborn, Michigan, where it met in proprietary sessions with several of the major automobile manufacturers, a key supplier, and a small business inventor of a shifter interlock system to learn of planned new seat belt use technologies as well as about company data concerning their effectiveness and acceptability. The committee's findings and recommendations are presented in this five-chapter report.
