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The Multi Fibre Arrangement And Its Effect On Developing Countries
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Book Synopsis Effects of the multi-fibre arrangement on developing countries trade : an empirical investigation by : Refik Erzan
Download or read book Effects of the multi-fibre arrangement on developing countries trade : an empirical investigation written by Refik Erzan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather than ease up, the MFA has been getting tougher on most developing country exporters of textiles and clothing. Trade gains for new exporters (except for marginal suppliers) due to MFA have been exaggerated; main beneficiaries were the domestic producers in industrial countries.
Book Synopsis Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries by : Junʼichi Gotō
Download or read book Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Countries written by Junʼichi Gotō and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multifibre Arrangement (MFA), the most important restriction on textile and clothing exports, has damaging effects on many less developed countries, both in the short and long run.
Book Synopsis Making the Cut? by : Cornelia Staritz
Download or read book Making the Cut? written by Cornelia Staritz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clothing sector has traditionally been a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for low-income countries (LICs) due to its low fix costs, relatively simple technology, and labor-intensive nature. It has served to absorb large numbers of unskilled, and mostly female, workers and build capital and know-how for more technologically advanced activities within and across sectors. But the environment for global clothing trade has changed significantly which may condition the role the sector can play in promoting export diversification and industrial development in LICs today. Main drivers have been the rise of global buyers and their global sourcing strategies, the phase out of quotas in the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA), and, more recently, the global economic crisis. In the context of these changes, this study analyzes how the clothing sector can still provide a gateway to export diversification and industrial development for LICs today. The key objectives of this study are to assess main developments in the global clothing sector associated with the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) phase out, global buyers and their sourcing strategies, and the global economic crisis; analyze challenges that LICs are facing in the post-quota and post-crisis world in entering and upgrading within global clothing value chains; and identify policy recommendations to increase the competitiveness of LIC clothing exporters as well as to further their integration into and improve their positions within global clothing value chains. For the study interviews with buyers in the US, the EU and South Africa as well as case studies in Sub-Saharan African LICs (Kenya, Lesotho and Swaziland), Cambodia and Bangladesh were conducted. The study finds that global consolidation in the clothing sector has increased entry barriers at the country and firm level. This has created new challenges to LIC suppliers as low labor costs and preferential market access are not enough to be competitive in the clothing sector today. Suppliers with broad capabilities have been able to develop strategic relationships with global buyers. Marginal or new suppliers are entering the global value chains through intermediaries, but face limited upgrading opportunities. FDI plays an important role in integrated LICs into global clothing value chains, yet it needs to be used in a way that promotes and upgrades local clothing industries. Overall, the clothing sector still provides opportunities for export diversification and industrial development. However, this requires pro-active policies to increase the competitiveness and local embeddedness of LIC clothing exporters.
Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.
Book Synopsis The Restrictiveness of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement on Eastern European Trade by :
Download or read book The Restrictiveness of the Multi-Fibre Arrangement on Eastern European Trade written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis South Asia After the Quota System, Impact of the MFA Phase-out by : Saman Kelegama
Download or read book South Asia After the Quota System, Impact of the MFA Phase-out written by Saman Kelegama and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles.
Book Synopsis Methodology for Impact Assessment of Free Trade Agreements by : Michael G. Plummer
Download or read book Methodology for Impact Assessment of Free Trade Agreements written by Michael G. Plummer and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication displays the menu for choice of available methods to evaluate the impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). It caters mainly to policy makers from developing countries and aims to equip them with some economic knowledge and techniques that will enable them to conduct their own economic evaluation studies on existing or future FTAs, or to critically re-examine the results of impact assessment studies conducted by others, at the very least.
Book Synopsis World Development Report 2020 by : World Bank
Download or read book World Development Report 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.
Book Synopsis Rent-Sharing in the Multi-Fibre Arrangement by : Hui Tan Ling, Kala Krishna
Download or read book Rent-Sharing in the Multi-Fibre Arrangement written by Hui Tan Ling, Kala Krishna and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis China's Growing Role in World Trade by : Robert C. Feenstra
Download or read book China's Growing Role in World Trade written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In less than three decades, China has grown from playing a negligible role in international trade to being one of the world's largest exporters, a substantial importer of raw materials, intermediate outputs, and other goods, and both a recipient and source of foreign investment. Not surprisingly, China's economic dynamism has generated considerable attention and concern in the United States and beyond. While some analysts have warned of the potential pitfalls of China's rise—the loss of jobs, for example—others have highlighted the benefits of new market and investment opportunities for US firms. Bringing together an expert group of contributors, China's Growing Role in World Trade undertakes an empirical investigation of the effects of China's new status. The essays collected here provide detailed analyses of the microstructure of trade, the macroeconomic implications, sector-level issues, and foreign direct investment. This volume's careful examination of micro data in light of established economic theories clarifies a number of misconceptions, disproves some conventional wisdom, and documents data patterns that enhance our understanding of China's trade and what it may mean to the rest of the world.
Book Synopsis Rigged Rules and Double Standards by : Kevin Watkins
Download or read book Rigged Rules and Double Standards written by Kevin Watkins and published by Oxfam. This book was released on 2002 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical and detailed analysis of inequalities of world trade systems.
Book Synopsis Rent Sharing in the Multi-fibre Arrangement by : Geoffrey J. Bannister
Download or read book Rent Sharing in the Multi-fibre Arrangement written by Geoffrey J. Bannister and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On the Importance and Extent of Rent Sharing in the Multi-fibre Arrangement by : Kala Krishna
Download or read book On the Importance and Extent of Rent Sharing in the Multi-fibre Arrangement written by Kala Krishna and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transition in Central and Eastern Europe by : A. Kuyvenhoven
Download or read book Transition in Central and Eastern Europe written by A. Kuyvenhoven and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In less developed countries (LDCs) there is considerable concern that the developments in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) may lead to a more inward looking European Union (EU). As EU trade, foreign investment and aid flows are diverted from LDCs towards the CEECs, close neighbours of the EU, a new dimension would be added to 'fortress Europe'. This volume consists of 11 chapters by scholars from the EU, the CEECs and LDCs. Each paper is discussed in terms of its policy relevance by a policy maker as well as by an academic specializing in the field. In the opening chapter we aim to do justice to the discussion during the Workshop in Rotterdam in May 1994 at which preliminary versions of all chapters were presented. Edited versions of the interventions by the policy makers and experts are included as far as possible after the chapters. A summary of the discussion is presented in the concluding remarks by Rolf Langhammer. The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and not necessarily of their organizations. The editors XXI Foreword I am glad the first meeting of this network is on the developing country dimension of pan-European integration, for two reasons. Firstly, politi cal and economic liberalization in Central and Eastern Europe makes it possible, even necessary, to discuss such an issue.
Book Synopsis European Trade Policies and Developing Countries by : L. B. M. Mennes
Download or read book European Trade Policies and Developing Countries written by L. B. M. Mennes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at how patterns of world trade are changing, how EEC protectionism affects developing countries, how special deals and exceptions are bought in some cases and looks to the future to see how the situation may develop.
Book Synopsis Analysing the Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Country Exporters by : W. J. Martin
Download or read book Analysing the Effects of the Multifibre Arrangement on Developing Country Exporters written by W. J. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Regulation of International Trade by : Robert Howse
Download or read book The Regulation of International Trade written by Robert Howse and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-08 with total page 621 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Regulation of International Trade 2nd Edition introduces the rules and institutions that govern international trade. The authors base their analysis on aspects of the subject from classic and contemporary literature on trade and political economy. This new edition has been fully updated to take account of the most recent developments in International Trade. New issues covered include: trade and competition trade and labour rights the Multilateral Agreement on Investment the Basic Telecoms and Financial Services WTO Agreements an analysis of the first three years of WTO dispute rulings, including those of Appelate Body. Drawing on the success of the earlier edition, this comprehensive and up to date text will be an invaluable guide to students of economics, law, politics and international relations.
