The Molecular Mechanisms Of Lifespan Extension By Alpha Ketoglutarate In Caenorhabditis Elegans

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The Molecular Mechanisms of Lifespan Extension by Alpha-ketoglutarate in Caenorhabditis Elegans

Author : Randall Marcelo Chin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis The Molecular Mechanisms of Lifespan Extension by Alpha-ketoglutarate in Caenorhabditis Elegans by : Randall Marcelo Chin

Download or read book The Molecular Mechanisms of Lifespan Extension by Alpha-ketoglutarate in Caenorhabditis Elegans written by Randall Marcelo Chin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the elderly population is now the fastest growing age group in the United States, there is an imminent need to understand the molecular mechanisms of aging and develop new approaches to counter aging and the maladies that come with it. Modulation of metabolism, either by dietary restriction or pharmacologic or genetic alteration of metabolic pathways, can extend lifespan and delay age-related diseases in evolutionarily diverse organisms. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, a role for alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) in the regulation of aging. Alpha-KG serves many functions in the cell, including being an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a precursor for several amino acids, and a substrate for alpha-KG-dependent oxygenases. We show that alpha-KG extends the mean lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans by about 50%, and provide evidence to suggest that this is not due to the metabolism of alpha-KG into other metabolites. Other metabolites have been shown to extend lifespan as well, but without a well defined mechanism. Research on small molecules in aging has been hindered by the inability to identify drug targets. We use a label-free, unbiased drug target identification strategy termed DARTS (drug affinity responsive target stability) to uncover a new binding target of alpha-KG, the beta subunit of the ATP synthase. We reveal that alpha-KG inhibits ATP synthase in in vitro and in vivo assays using both worm and mammalian models. Consistently, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of ATP synthase yields the same phenotypes as alpha-KG: increased lifespan, decreased ATP levels, lower oxygen consumption rates, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, and reduced target of rapamycin signaling. However, unlike genetic inhibition of ATP synthase, alpha-KG does not induce the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, cause larval arrest, or slow pharyngeal pumping rates. Remarkably, alpha-KG does not further increase the lifespan of dietary restricted animals and is elevated during starvation, a testament to it being a key regulator of dietary restriction mediated lifespan extension. Like dietary restriction, alpha-KG also induces autophagy, and we provide evidence to suggest that autophagy may play an essential role for the longevity of alpha-KG treated animals. Our findings posit alpha-KG as a key regulator of metabolic pathways in response to nutrient status, and suggest new strategies for the prevention and treatment of aging and age-related diseases.

C. Elegans II

Author : Donald L. Riddle
Publisher : Firefly Books
ISBN 13 : 9780879695323
Total Pages : 1252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis C. Elegans II by : Donald L. Riddle

Download or read book C. Elegans II written by Donald L. Riddle and published by Firefly Books. This book was released on 1997 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defines the current status of research in the genetics, anatomy, and development of the nematode C. elegans, providing a detailed molecular explanation of how development is regulated and how the nervous system specifies varied aspects of behavior. Contains sections on the genome, development, neural networks and behavior, and life history and evolution. Appendices offer genetic nomenclature, a list of laboratory strain and allele designations, skeleton genetic maps, a list of characterized genes, a table of neurotransmitter assignments for specific neurons, and information on codon usage. Includes bandw photos. For researchers in worm studies, as well as the wider community of researchers in cell and molecular biology. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Advances in Metabolic Mechanisms of Aging and Its Related Diseases

Author : Katia Aquilano
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889661822
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Metabolic Mechanisms of Aging and Its Related Diseases by : Katia Aquilano

Download or read book Advances in Metabolic Mechanisms of Aging and Its Related Diseases written by Katia Aquilano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Epigenetics of Aging

Author : Trygve O. Tollefsbol
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441906398
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Epigenetics of Aging by : Trygve O. Tollefsbol

Download or read book Epigenetics of Aging written by Trygve O. Tollefsbol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic processes may play a major role in both cellular and organismal aging. These epigenetic processes include not only DNA methylation and histone modifications, but also extend to many other epigenetic mediators such as the polycomb group proteins, chromosomal position effects, and noncoding RNA. The topics of this book range from fundamental changes in DNA methylation in aging to the most recent research on intervention into epigenetic modifications to modulate the aging process. The major topics of epigenetics and aging covered in this book are: 1) DNA methylation and histone modifications in aging; 2) Other epigenetic processes and aging; 3) Impact of epigenetics on aging; 4) Epigenetics of age-related diseases; 5) Epigenetic interventions and aging: and 6) Future directions in epigenetic aging research. The most studied of epigenetic processes, DNA methylation, has been associated with cellular aging and aging of organisms for many years. It is now apparent that both global and gene-specific alterations occur not only in DNA methylation during aging, but also in several histone alterations. Many epigenetic alterations can have an impact on aging processes such as stem cell aging, control of telomerase, modifications of telomeres, and epigenetic drift can impact the aging process as evident in the recent studies of aging monozygotic twins. Numerous age-related diseases are affected by epigenetic mechanisms. For example, recent studies have shown that DNA methylation is altered in Alzheimer’s disease and autoimmunity. Other prevalent diseases that have been associated with age-related epigenetic changes include cancer and diabetes. Paternal age and epigenetic changes appear to have an effect on schizophrenia and epigenetic silencing has been associated with several of the progeroid syndromes of premature aging. Moreover, the impact of dietary or drug intervention into epigenetic processes as they affect normal aging or age-related diseases is becoming increasingly feasible.

Anti-aging Drugs

Author : Alexander M Vaiserman
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 178262435X
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis Anti-aging Drugs by : Alexander M Vaiserman

Download or read book Anti-aging Drugs written by Alexander M Vaiserman and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is a natural phenomenon that is peculiar to all living things. However, accumulating findings indicate that senescence could be postponed or prevented by certain approaches. Substantial evidence has emerged supporting the possibility of radical human health and lifespan extension, in particular through pharmacological modulation of aging. A number of natural dietary ingredients and synthetic drugs have been assumed to have geroprotective potential. In the development of anti-aging therapeutics, several cell, insect, and animal models may provide useful starting points prior to human studies. This book provides an overview of current research aimed to search for life-extending medications and describes pharmacological aspects of anti-aging medicine. Readers are introduced to the fascinating historical background of geroprotection in the first chapter. In-depth information on models for investigating geroprotective drugs precedes a section covering anti-aging properties of pharmaceutical compounds, such as calorie restriction mimetics, autophagy inducers, senolytics and mitochondrial antioxidants. Finally, strategies to translate discoveries from aging research into drugs and healthcare policy perspectives on anti-ageing medicine are provided to give a complete picture of the field. A timely and carefully edited collection of chapters by leading researchers in the field, this book will be a fascinating and useful resource for pharmacologists, gerontologists and any scientifically interested person wishing to know more about the current status of research into anti-aging remedies, challenges and opportunities.

The Rate of Living

Author : Raymond Pearl
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rate of Living by : Raymond Pearl

Download or read book The Rate of Living written by Raymond Pearl and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part II Clinical Science

Author : J. Robin Harris
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811336814
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part II Clinical Science by : J. Robin Harris

Download or read book Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Ageing: Part II Clinical Science written by J. Robin Harris and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the subcellular Biochemistry series will attempt to bridge the gap between the subcellular events that are related to aging as they were described in the first volume of this set of two books and the reality of aging as this is seen in clinical practice. All chapters will start from the biochemistry or cell biology, where the data is available and work up towards the understanding that we have of aging in the various areas that are related to the subject. Key focus points for this volume are nutrition, external factors and genetics on aging. There will also be chapters that will focus on various organs or tissues in which aging has been well studied, like the eyes, the muscles, the immune system and the bones. The aim of the book project and the book project that is published in concert with this volume is to bring the subcellular and clinical areas into closer contact.

Sugar Intake

Author : Ian James Martins
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838811214
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Sugar Intake by : Ian James Martins

Download or read book Sugar Intake written by Ian James Martins and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rates of diabetes are increasing worldwide with cases spreading to various regions of both developing and developed countries, increasing the risk of various organ diseases. Nutritional interventions such as low-calorie, low-sugar diets have now become critical for combatting the disease. Written by experts from around the globe, this book examines the risks and benefits of sugar intake and the critical role of functional foods in treating diabetes. The chapters provide information to control sugar intake and to prevent the induction of organ disease in diabetic individuals.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites

Author : Joseph Marr
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080527884
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites by : Joseph Marr

Download or read book Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites written by Joseph Marr and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-09-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of parasitic organisms at the molecular level has yielded fascinating new insights of great medical, social, and economical importance, and has pointed the way for the treatment and prevention of the diseases they cause. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites presents an up-to-date account of this modern scientific discipline in a manner that allows and encourages the reader to place the biochemistry and molecular biology of these organisms in their biological context. The chapters are cross-referenced and grouped in an arrangement that provides a fully integrated whole, and permits the reader to create a composite of the biochemical function of these organisms. Individual chapter includes those devoted to metabolism, in both aerobic and anaerobic protozoa; antioxidant mechanisms; parasite surfaces; organelles; invasion mechanisms; and chemotherapy. The helminths are discussed not only from the point of view of their cellular biochemistry and metabolism, but also with respect to both their integrated functions such as neurochemistry, structure and functions of surfaces, and reproduction. Written by expert investigators, this book will be of interest to all experienced researchers, graduate students, and to the newcomer eager to become familiar with the biochemistry and molecular biology of parasites.

Introduction to Epigenetics

Author : Renato Paro
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030686701
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Epigenetics by : Renato Paro

Download or read book Introduction to Epigenetics written by Renato Paro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook leads the reader from basic concepts of chromatin structure and function and RNA mechanisms to the understanding of epigenetics, imprinting, regeneration and reprogramming. The textbook treats epigenetic phenomena in animals, as well as plants. Written by four internationally known experts and senior lecturers in this field, it provides a valuable tool for Master- and PhD- students who need to comprehend the principles of epigenetics, or wish to gain a deeper knowledge in this field. After reading this book, the student will: Have an understanding of the basic toolbox of epigenetic regulation Know how genetic and epigenetic information layers are interconnected Be able to explain complex epigenetic phenomena by understanding the structures and principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms Understand how misregulated epigenetic mechanisms can lead to disease

Advances in Geroscience

Author : Felipe Sierra
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232460
Total Pages : 637 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Geroscience by : Felipe Sierra

Download or read book Advances in Geroscience written by Felipe Sierra and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.

Handbook of the Biology of Aging

Author : Edward J. Masoro
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080491405
Total Pages : 681 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the Biology of Aging by : Edward J. Masoro

Download or read book Handbook of the Biology of Aging written by Edward J. Masoro and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of the Biology of Aging, Sixth Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research findings in the biology of aging. Intended as a summary for researchers, it is also adopted as a high level textbook for graduate and upper level undergraduate courses. The Sixth Edition is 20% larger than the Fifth Edition, with 21 chapters summarizing the latest findings in research on the biology of aging. The content of the work is virtually 100% new. Though a selected few topics are similar to the Fifth Edition, these chapters are authored by new contributors with new information. The majority of the chapters are completely new in both content and authorship. The Sixth Edition places greater emphasis and coverage on competing and complementary theories of aging, broadening the discussion of conceptual issues. Greater coverage of techniques used to study biological issues of aging include computer modeling, gene profiling, and demographic analyses. Coverage of research on Drosophilia is expanded from one chapter to four. New chapters on mammalian models discuss aging in relation to skeletal muscles, body fat and carbohydrate metabolism, growth hormone, and the human female reproductive system. Additional new chapters summarize exciting research on stem cells and cancer, dietary restriction, and whether age related diseases are an integral part of aging. The Handbook of the Biology of Aging, Sixth Edition is part of the Handbooks on Aging series, including Handbook of the Psychology of Aging and Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, also in their 6th editions.

Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Author : J. Richard Dickinson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203503864
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : J. Richard Dickinson

Download or read book Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by J. Richard Dickinson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-04-27 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the best-selling first edition, much has been discovered about Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the single-celled fungus commonly known as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast that is the basis for much of our understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of eukaryotes. This wealth of new research data demands our attention and r

The Deanna Protocol

Author : Vincent Tedone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781941102107
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis The Deanna Protocol by : Vincent Tedone

Download or read book The Deanna Protocol written by Vincent Tedone and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors are in a life and death struggle against a terrible disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, which is referred to as ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease. If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with ALS, then you need to read this book. The Deanna Protocol® program was discovered by Dr. Tedone, Deanna's father, only after failing, again and again, with everything that he tried. The massage, non-exhausting exercise and core supplements, which are inexpensive and available without prescription from many suppliers. The program works for many ALS patients. It is not a cure, however, it provides a better quality of life and has been shown in ALS mice to extend life and improve motor skills. The rate of progression of ALS symptoms reported in ALSFRS scores, is markedly reduced in those adhering to the Deanna Protocol® program. There a few side effects reported, and those are manageable for most, if the program is phased in, gradually, over time.

Histone Deacetylases: the Biology and Clinical Implication

Author : Tso-Pang Yao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642216315
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Histone Deacetylases: the Biology and Clinical Implication by : Tso-Pang Yao

Download or read book Histone Deacetylases: the Biology and Clinical Implication written by Tso-Pang Yao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights work from many different labs that taught us abnormal HDACs potentially contribute to the development or progression of many human diseases including immune dysfunctions, heart disease, cancer, memory impairment, aging, and metabolic disorders.

Cell-based Biosensors

Author : Qingjun Liu
Publisher : Artech House
ISBN 13 : 1596934409
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis Cell-based Biosensors by : Qingjun Liu

Download or read book Cell-based Biosensors written by Qingjun Liu and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by recognized experts the field, this leading-edge resource is the first book to systematically introduce the concept, technology, and development of cell-based biosensors. You find details on the latest cell-based biosensor models and novel micro-structure biosensor techniques. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this unique volume presents the latest innovative applications of cell-based biosensors in a variety of biomedical fields. The book also explores future trends of cell-based biosensors, including integrated chips, nanotechnology and microfluidics. Over 140 illustrations help clarify key topics throughout the book.

Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics

Author : Vinood B. Patel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319555294
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (552 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics by : Vinood B. Patel

Download or read book Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multivolume reference work addresses the fact that the well being of humankind is predicated not only on individuals receiving adequate nutrition but also on their genetic makeup. The work includes more than 100 chapters organized in the following major sections: Introduction and Overview; Epigenetics of Organs and Diseases in Relation to Diet and Nutrition; Detailed Processes in Epigenetics of Diet and Nutrition; Modulating Epigenetics with Diet and Nutrition; and Practical Techniques. While it is well known that genes may encode proteins responsible for structural and dynamic components, there is an increasing body of evidence to suggest that nutrition itself may alter the way in which genes are expressed via the process of epigenetics. This is where chemically imposed alteration in the DNA sequence occurs or where the functional expression of DNA is modulated. This may include changes in DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, chromatin, histone acetylation or methylation, and genomic imprinting. Knowledge regarding the number of dietary components that impact on epigenetic processes is increasing almost daily. Marshalling all the information on the complex relationships between diet, nutrition, and epigenetic processes is somewhat difficult due to the wide myriad of material. It is for this reason that the present work has been compiled.