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The Molecular Mechanisms Governing Shoot Stem Cell Maintenance And Organ Patterning By A Family Of Transcription Factors In Arabidopsis Thaliana
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Book Synopsis The Molecular Mechanisms Governing Shoot Stem Cell Maintenance and Organ Patterning by a Family of Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Jared Allan Sewell
Download or read book The Molecular Mechanisms Governing Shoot Stem Cell Maintenance and Organ Patterning by a Family of Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Jared Allan Sewell and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome duplication in eukaryotes and particularly in plant species has led to gene families with both redundant and specialized functions. How closely related transcription factor families compete to alter gene expression and ultimately manifest a morphological phenotype is a key biological question. In Arabidopsis, the Class III Homedomain-Leucine Zipper (HD-ZIPIII) transcription factor family controls many developmental processes, such as embryo patterning and shoot stem cell formation, through complex genetic interactions. However the specific molecular mechanisms behind these genetic observations remain unresolved. I have discovered that HD-ZIPIIIs collaboratively and antagonistically regulate entire pathways at multiple, sometimes opposing steps, which can occur on a stage, tissue or cell type specific level. I found that HD-ZIPIIIs form preferential heterodimers in planta, co-occupy hundreds of genomic locations and regulate target gene expression both positively and negatively. Transcriptional repression by HD-ZIPIIIs is correlated with the co-occupancy and association with the co-repressor TOPLESS. Finally, I uncovered a novel HD-ZIPIII protein interaction partner that exhibits a similar genome-wide DNA binding profile and transcriptional response and interacts with both TPL and the HD-ZIPIIIs and thus may bridge a transcriptional complex required for HD-ZIPIII-mediated repression. These results demonstrate how a highly related family of TFs can collectively regulate important developmental signaling networks and will help unravel the inherent complexities of TF family interrelationships at both the molecular and network level.
Book Synopsis Uncovering Factors and Molecular Mechanisms in Transcriptional Regulation in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Thanh Thu Dinh
Download or read book Uncovering Factors and Molecular Mechanisms in Transcriptional Regulation in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Thanh Thu Dinh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Shoot Apical Meristem by : R. F. Lyndon
Download or read book The Shoot Apical Meristem written by R. F. Lyndon and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The shoot apex, although tiny and enclosed in the apical bud, forms the whole of the shoot system of plants and has a key role in producing leaves and flowers. An appreciation of how it functions is essential to an understanding of plant growth. In this book, the questions of the manner and the speed at which the shoot apex grows, and the likely cellular processes that are involved in the formation of leaves and flowers, are examined at the biochemical, physiological, biophysical, molecular, and genetic levels. This book is the only one currently available that is wholly devoted to the growth and physiology of the shoot apex and its key role in the formation of leaves and flowers.
Book Synopsis Auxin and Its Role in Plant Development by : Eva Zažímalová
Download or read book Auxin and Its Role in Plant Development written by Eva Zažímalová and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auxin is an important signaling compound in plants and vital for plant development and growth. The present book, Auxin and its Role in Plant Development, provides the reader with detailed and comprehensive insight into the functioning of the molecule on the whole and specifically in plant development. In the first part, the functioning, metabolism and signaling pathways of auxin in plants are explained, the second part depicts the specific role of auxin in plant development and the third part describes the interaction and functioning of the signaling compound upon stimuli of the environment. Each chapter is written by international experts in the respective field and designed for scientists and researchers in plant biology, plant development and cell biology to summarize the recent progress in understanding the role of auxin and suggest future perspectives for auxin research.
Book Synopsis A Molecular Link Between Stem Cell Regulation and Floral Patterning in Arabidopsis by :
Download or read book A Molecular Link Between Stem Cell Regulation and Floral Patterning in Arabidopsis written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: OAK-B135 The homeotic gene AGAMOUS (AG) has dual roles in specifying floral organ fate and limiting stem cell proliferation in Arabidopsis flowers. We show here that the floral identity protein LEAFY (LFY), a transcription factor expressed throughout the flower, acts together with the homeodomain protein WUSCHEL (WUS) to activate AG in the center of flowers. WUS was previously identified because of its role in maintaining a stem cell population in the center of both shoot and floral meristems. The unsuspected additional role of WUS in regulating floral homeotic gene expression supports the hypothesis that floral patterning makes use of a general meristem patterning system that was present before flowers evolved. We also show that AG represses WUS at later stages of floral development, thus creating a negative feedback loop that is required for the determinate growth of floral meristems.
Download or read book The Plant Cell Cycle written by Dirk Inzé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the study of the plant cell cycle has become of major interest, not only to scientists working on cell division sensu strictu , but also to scientists dealing with plant hormones, development and environmental effects on growth. The book The Plant Cell Cycle is a very timely contribution to this exploding field. Outstanding contributors reviewed, not only knowledge on the most important classes of cell cycle regulators, but also summarized the various processes in which cell cycle control plays a pivotal role. The central role of the cell cycle makes this book an absolute must for plant molecular biologists.
Book Synopsis WUSCHEL Mediated Bifunctional Transcriptional Regulation of CLAVATA3 Levels and Spatial Pattern in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Kevin Wilfredo Rodriguez
Download or read book WUSCHEL Mediated Bifunctional Transcriptional Regulation of CLAVATA3 Levels and Spatial Pattern in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Kevin Wilfredo Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The balance between self-renewing stem cell divisions and differentiation of stem cell progeny in Shoot Apical Meristems (SAMs) is crucial for the development of all the above-ground organs. This is regulated by a self-sustaining feedback loop between WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA (CLV) genes. WUS, a homeodomain transcription factor expressed in the rib-meristem (RM), migrates into overlying stem cell domain, also referred to as the central zone (CZ). In the CZ, WUS represses a set of differentiation-promoting transcription factors to prevent premature differentiation of stem cell progeny and also activates its own negative regulator CLV3. CLV3, a secreted peptide, negatively regulates WUS expression through CLV1 and related transmembrane receptors. This process is critical for the homeostasis of the stem cell population. The transcriptional mechanisms underlying the CLV3 activation and repression of differentiation factors in stem cells are not known. It is also not known how WUS protein levels are regulated. The structure-function analysis of the WUS protein has led to the identification of the last 63 amino acid region that is both sufficient and necessary to maintain higher WUS in the RM and lower WUS in the CZ. This region contains information for subcellular partitioning, stability and transcriptional activity of WUS. Analysis of the CLV3 promoter uncovered 5 closely spaced cis-elements that bind WUS, referred to as the cis-regulatory module (CRM). The in vivo cis element deletion analysis shows that the collective activity of all 5 cis elements is required for activation of CLV3 in the CZ and repression in the RM. Biochemical analysis of the WUS-binding behavior to CLV3 elements uncovered a concentration dependent switch from monomeric to dimeric/higher molecular weight complex. Taken together, it led to a model where WUS activates and represses CLV3 at lower and higher WUS, respectively. The manipulation of WUS levels and the affinity of cis elements largely agreed with the concentration dependent switch in CLV3 regulation. While determining the contribution of the number of cis elements and affinity of cis elements to CLV3 regulation, we found that the expression data from mutant CLV3 promoters could only be explained by a model based on cooperativity between elements. These new findings show that the cis-element grammar (number, affinity and possibly spacing) may be crucial in interpreting local differences in WUS levels in regulating CLV3 levels and spatial pattern.
Book Synopsis Regulation of Apical-basal Patterning During Arabidopsis Thaliana Embryo Development by : Zachery Robin Smith
Download or read book Regulation of Apical-basal Patterning During Arabidopsis Thaliana Embryo Development written by Zachery Robin Smith and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation of the apical-basal axis during Arabidopsis thaliana embryogenesis is a crucial step that directs the overall body plan of the seedling and directs the establishment of stem cell populations at either end of the embryo that give rise to all of the adult structures. The establishment of the apical-basal axis occurs with the first division of the zygote and remains plastic until the transition stage, where apical-basal polarity becomes fixed. The molecular mechanisms and genes responsible for the formation and fixation of the apical-basal axis remain largely unknown. This dissertation describes the advances made toward the elucidation of two major pathways that contribute to the formation and fixation of the apical-basal axis. Transcriptional repression plays a major role in developmental processes in general and this dissertation describes the role of the TOPLESS (TPL) gene in repression of the basal embryonic gene program in the developing apical domain of the embryo. We provide a framework for the function of TPL in transcriptional repression through chromatin remodeling. Furthermore, we show that the PLETHORA (PLT) family of transcription factors are direct targets for TPL mediated repression and necessary for the shoot to root transformation seen in the tpl-1 mutant. Secondly, using the tpl-1 mutant as a tool for forward genetics, the HD-ZIP Class III transcription factor family members are identified as determinants of apical fate in the globular stage embryo. Additionally, the HD-ZIP III genes are shown to have a mutually antagonistic relationship with the PLT gene family. Lastly, we show that the HD-ZIP III genes are true apical determinants and able to cause a homeotic conversion of the basal pole to a second apical pole.
Book Synopsis Plant Molecular Biology by : Gloria Coruzzi
Download or read book Plant Molecular Biology written by Gloria Coruzzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-13 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented here is an analysis of plant development and plant metabolism using the tools of genetics and molecular biology, such as mutant analysis, mutation tagging, mapping using polymorphic characters and basic molecular biology techniques. Studies with a range of model genetic organisms, most notably maize and Arabidopsis, are included. The reader gains a comprehensive view of the subject which is more and more of both scientific and industrial interest. The value of basic research in plants is highlighted and examples where basic studies have led to applications in agricultural biotechnology are given.
Book Synopsis The Natural Philosophy of Plant Form by : Agnes Arber
Download or read book The Natural Philosophy of Plant Form written by Agnes Arber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1950, this monograph on the morphology of flowering plants explores the relationship between philosophy and botany.
Book Synopsis Plant Organogenesis by : Ive De Smet
Download or read book Plant Organogenesis written by Ive De Smet and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Methods in Molecular Biology book covers topics such as how to image the structure of plant ovules and embryos, tools for establishing cell lineages, methods for studying the totipotency of plant cells, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and more."
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Arabidopsis written by Detlef Weigel and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana is increasingly popular among plant scientists: it is small, easy to grow, and makes flowers, and the sequence of its small and simple genome was recently completed. This is the most complete and authoritative laboratory manual to be published on this model organism and the first to deal with genomic and proteomic approaches to its biology.
Book Synopsis Pattern Formation in Plant Tissues by : Tsvi Sachs
Download or read book Pattern Formation in Plant Tissues written by Tsvi Sachs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-02-21 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of great interest to all those engaged in attempting to understand the principles behind plant development.
Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanisms of Flowering Plant Reproduction by : Maria Helena S. Goldman
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Flowering Plant Reproduction written by Maria Helena S. Goldman and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-18 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations by : M.B. Kirkham
Download or read book Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations written by M.B. Kirkham and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations, 2e describes the principles of water relations within soils, followed by the uptake of water and its subsequent movement throughout and from the plant body. This is presented as a progressive series of physical and biological interrelations, even though each topic is treated in detail on its own. The book also describes equipment used to measure water in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. At the end of each chapter is a biography of a scientist whose principles are discussed in the chapter. In addition to new information on the concept of celestial time, this new edition also includes new chapters on methods to determine sap flow in plants dual-probe heat-pulse technique to monitor water in the root zone. - Provides the necessary understanding to address advancing problems in water availability for meeting ecological requirements at local, regional and global scales - Covers plant anatomy: an essential component to understanding soil and plant water relations
Book Synopsis The Power of Movement in Plants by : Charles Robert Darwin
Download or read book The Power of Movement in Plants written by Charles Robert Darwin and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
