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The Mixing Cell Transport Model
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Book Synopsis The Mixing-cell Transport Model by : F. Bloemer
Download or read book The Mixing-cell Transport Model written by F. Bloemer and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In groundwater quality models one aften uses the convection-dispersion equation that describes the transport of solutes through a porous medium as a result of water movement and dispersion
Book Synopsis A Three-dimensional Mixing Cell Solute Transport Model and Its Application by : Bhasker K. Rao
Download or read book A Three-dimensional Mixing Cell Solute Transport Model and Its Application written by Bhasker K. Rao and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Basic Equations of the Mass Transport Through a Membrane Layer by : Endre Nagy
Download or read book Basic Equations of the Mass Transport Through a Membrane Layer written by Endre Nagy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a detailed analysis of the mass transport through membrane layers and its effect on different separation processes, this book provides a comprehensive look at the theoretical and practical aspects of membrane transport properties and functions. Basic equations for every membrane are provided to predict the mass transfer rate, the concentration distribution, the convective velocity, the separation efficiency, and the effect of chemical or biochemical reaction taking into account the heterogeneity of the membrane layer to help better understand the mechanisms of the separation processes. The reader will be able to describe membrane separation processes and the membrane reactors as well as choose the most suitable membrane structure for separation and for membrane reactor. Containing detailed discussion of the latest results in transport processes and separation processes, this book is essential for chemistry students and practitioners of chemical engineering and process engineering. Detailed survey of the theoretical and practical aspects of every membrane process with specific equations Practical examples discussed in detail with clear steps Will assist in planning and preparation of more efficient membrane structure separation
Book Synopsis Modeling of Microscale Transport in Biological Processes by : Sid M. Becker
Download or read book Modeling of Microscale Transport in Biological Processes written by Sid M. Becker and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling of Microscale Transport in Biological Processes provides a compendium of recent advances in theoretical and computational modeling of biotransport phenomena at the microscale. The simulation strategies presented range from molecular to continuum models and consider both numerical and exact solution method approaches to coupled systems of equations. The biological processes covered in this book include digestion, molecular transport, microbial swimming, cilia mediated flow, microscale heat transfer, micro-vascular flow, vesicle dynamics, transport through bio-films and bio-membranes, and microscale growth dynamics. The book is written for an advanced academic research audience in the fields of engineering (encompassing biomedical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and electrical), biology and mathematics. Although written for, and by, expert researchers, each chapter provides a strong introductory section to ensure accessibility to readers at all levels.
Download or read book Mixing Cell Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the Mixing Cell Model code, a one-dimensional model for water flow and solute transport in the unsaturated zone under steady-state or transient flow conditions. The model is based on the principles and assumptions underlying mixing cell model formulations. The unsaturated zone is discretized into a series of independent mixing cells. Each cell may have unique hydrologic, lithologic, and sorptive properties. Ordinary differential equations describe the material (water and solute) balance within each cell. Water flow equations are derived from the continuity equation assuming that unit-gradient conditions exist at all times in each cell. Pressure gradients are considered implicitly through model discretization. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture contents are determined by the material-specific moisture characteristic curves. Solute transport processes include explicit treatment of advective processes, first-order chain decay, and linear sorption reactions. Dispersion is addressed through implicit and explicit dispersion. Implicit dispersion is an inherent feature of all mixing cell models and originates from the formulation of the problem in terms of mass balance around fully mixed volume elements. Expressions are provided that relate implicit dispersion to the physical dispersion of the system. Two FORTRAN codes were developed to solve the water flow and solute transport equations: (1) the Mixing-Cell Model for Flow (MCMF) solves transient water flow problems and (2) the Mixing Cell Model for Transport (MCMT) solves the solute transport problem. The transient water flow problem is typically solved first by estimating the water flux through each cell in the model domain as a function of time using the MCMF code. These data are stored in either ASCII or binary files that are later read by the solute transport code (MCMT). Code output includes solute pore water concentrations, water and solute inventories in each cell and at each specified output time, and water and solute fluxes through each cell and specified output time. Computer run times for coupled transient water flow and solute transport were typically several seconds on a 2 GHz Intel Pentium IV desktop computer. The model was benchmarked against analytical solutions and finite-element approximations to the partial differential equations (PDE) describing unsaturated flow and transport. Differences between the maximum solute flux estimated by the mixing-cell model and the PDE models were typically less than two percent.
Book Synopsis Transport Across Multi-Membrane Systems by : G. Giebisch
Download or read book Transport Across Multi-Membrane Systems written by G. Giebisch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions of this volume are concerned with transport phenomena in multimembrane systems and in simple epithelia. In addition to the very substan tial progress that has been made in the area of transport of fluid and solutes across artifical model membranes in vitro and across simple symmetrical cell membranes, much has been learned from studies of transport phenomena in multi membrane systems of higher complexity to be reviewed in this volume. It should be recalled that many of the fundamental conceptual and methodological problems of transport physiology have been successfully approached and defin ed by studying simple epithelia in vitro, and that the direction that research has taken has been affected in a major way by the cellular transport models that have evolved from this approach. Since then striking progress has been made in several areas. Not only have we been witnessing a keen and productive interest in the realtionship between fine structure and transport behavior in multimem brane systems but significant advancements have also been made in defining individual active and passive transport operations, in analysing cell ion activities and transport pools, and in describing the differences in transport functions that underly the membrane asymmetry and cell polarization of cells subserving di rectional transport.
Book Synopsis Reactor Safety Study by : U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Download or read book Reactor Safety Study written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Mixing Cell Solute Transport Model by : Bhasker K. Rao
Download or read book Three-dimensional Mixing Cell Solute Transport Model written by Bhasker K. Rao and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport And Diffusion Across Cell Membranes by : Wilfred Stein
Download or read book Transport And Diffusion Across Cell Membranes written by Wilfred Stein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport and Diffusion across Cell Membranes is a comprehensive treatment of the transport and diffusion of molecules and ions across cell membranes. This book shows that the same kinetic equations (with appropriate modification) can describe all the specialized membrane transport systems: the pores, the carriers, and the two classes of pumps. The kinetic formalism is developed step by step and the features that make a system effective in carrying out its biological role are highlighted. This book is organized into six chapters and begins with an introduction to the structure and dynamics of cell membranes, followed by a discussion on how the membrane acts as a barrier to the transmembrane diffusion of molecules and ions. The following chapters focus on the role of the membrane's protein components in facilitating transmembrane diffusion of specific molecules and ions, measurements of diffusion through pores and the kinetics of diffusion, and the structure of such pores and their biological regulation. This book methodically introduces the reader to the carriers of cell membranes, the kinetics of facilitated diffusion, and cotransport systems. The primary active transport systems are considered, emphasizing the pumping of an ion (sodium, potassium, calcium, or proton) against its electrochemical gradient during the coupled progress of a chemical reaction while a conformational change of the pump enzyme takes place. This book is of interest to advanced undergraduate students, as well as to graduate students and researchers in biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, and biophysics.
Download or read book Mixing Cell Model written by A. S. Rood and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the Mixing Cell Model code, a one-dimensionalmodel for water flow and solute transport in the unsaturated zone understeady-state or transient flow conditions. The model is based on the principlesand assumptions underlying mixing cell model formulations. The unsaturatedzone is discretized into a series of independent mixing cells. Each cell may haveunique hydrologic, lithologic, and sorptive properties. Ordinary differentialequations describe the material (water and solute) balance within each cell. Waterflow equations are derived from the continuity equation assuming thatunit-gradient conditions exist at all times in each cell. Pressure gradients areconsidered implicitly through model discretization. Unsaturated hydraulicconductivity and moisture contents are determined by the material-specificmoisture characteristic curves. Solute transport processes include explicittreatment of advective processes, first-order chain decay, and linear sorptionreactions. Dispersion is addressed through implicit and explicit dispersion. Implicit dispersion is an inherent feature of all mixing cell models and originatesfrom the formulation of the problem in terms of mass balance around fully mixedvolume elements. Expressions are provided that relate implicit dispersion to thephysical dispersion of the system. Two FORTRAN codes were developed to solve the water flow and solutetransport equations: (1) the Mixing-Cell Model for Flow (MCMF) solvestransient water flow problems and (2) the Mixing Cell Model for Transport(MCMT) solves the solute transport problem. The transient water flow problemis typically solved first by estimating the water flux through each cell in themodel domain as a function of time using the MCMF code. These data are storedin either ASCII or binary files that are later read by the solute transport code(MCMT). Code output includes solute pore water concentrations, water andsolute inventories in each cell and at each specified output time, and water andsolute fluxes through each cell and specified output time. Computer run times forcoupled transient water flow and solute transport were typically several secondson a 2 GHz Intel Pentium IV desktop computer. The model was benchmarkedagainst analytical solutions and finite-element approximations to the partialdifferential equations (PDE) describing unsaturated flow and transport. Differences between the maximum solute flux estimated by the mixing-cellmodel and the PDE models were typically less than two percent.
Book Synopsis Mixing Cell Model by : Arthur S. Rood
Download or read book Mixing Cell Model written by Arthur S. Rood and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport Mechanisms in Membrane Separation Processes by : J.G.A. Bitter
Download or read book Transport Mechanisms in Membrane Separation Processes written by J.G.A. Bitter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book contains a comparison of existing theoretical models developed in order to describe membrane separation processes. In general, the permeation equations resulting from these models give inaccurate predictions of the mutual effects of the permeants involved, due to the simplifications adopted in their derivation. It is concluded that an optimum description of transport phenomena in tight (diffusion-type) membranes is achieved with the "solution-diffusion" model. According to this model each component of a fluid mixture to be separated dissolves in the membrane and passes through by diffusion in response to its gradient in the chemical potential. A modified Flory-Huggins equation has been derived to calculate the solubility of the permeants in the membrane material. Contrary to the original Flory-Huggins equation, the modified equation accounts for the large effect on solubility of crystallinity and elastic strain of the polymer chains by swelling. The equilibrium sorption of liquids computed with this equation was found to be in good agreement with experimental results. Also, the sorption of gases in both rubbery and glassy polymers could be described quan titatively with the modified Flory-Huggins equation without any need of the arbitrary Langmuir term, as required in the conventional "dual-mode" sorption model. Furthermore, fewer parameters are required than with the at least identical accuracy.
Book Synopsis Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management by : I.K. Iskandar
Download or read book Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management written by I.K. Iskandar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-07-27 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management presents a detailed discussion regarding the fate of metals in the environment and the methods by which metal waste is managed. Ten chapters by a multidisciplinary group of scientists and engineers address site assessment, methods of sample digestion, bioremediation, and mathematical models as a tool for describing the retention reactions of heavy metals during transport in the soil. Specific topics covered include evaluating lead extraction methods as indicators of lead mobility in contaminated soils, assessing cadmium contamination using spatial variability, using microwave technology for sample digestion and preparation for analysis, and working with a bioremediation method using arsenate-resistant microorganisms. Mathematical models discussed in this volume are based on convection-dispersion or cell-mixing approaches for metal transport. Engineering Aspects of Metal-Waste Management will be useful for researchers, consulting engineers, and decision makers involved in the management and cleanup of metal-contaminated sites.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Flowsheet Simulation of Solids Processes by : Stefan Heinrich
Download or read book Dynamic Flowsheet Simulation of Solids Processes written by Stefan Heinrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-20 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest advances in flowsheet simulation of solids processes, focusing on the dynamic behaviour of systems with interconnected solids processing units, but also covering stationary simulation. The book includes the modelling of solids processing units, for example for comminution, sifting and particle formulation and also for reaction systems. Furthermore, it examines new approaches for the description of solids and their property distributions and for the mathematical treatment of flowsheets with multivariate population balances.
Download or read book Quick Bibliography Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bioreactor Modeling by : Jerome Morchain
Download or read book Bioreactor Modeling written by Jerome Morchain and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic simulation of bioreactors is a challenge for both the industrial and academic worlds. Beyond the large number of physical and biological phenomena to be considered and the wide range of scales involved, the central difficulty lies in the need to account for the dynamic behavior of suspended microorganisms. In the case of chemical reactors, knowledge of the thermodynamic equilibrium laws at the interfaces makes it possible to produce macroscopic models by integrating local laws. Microorganisms, on the other hand, have the ability to modulate the rate of substrate assimilation. Moreover, the nature of the biochemical transformations results from a compromise between the needs of the cell and the available resources. This book revisits the modeling of bioreactors using a multi-scale approach. It addresses issues related to mixing, phase-to-phase transfers and the adaptation of microorganisms to variations in concentration, and explores the use of population balances for the simulation of bioreactors. By adopting a multidisciplinary perspective that draws on process engineering, fluid mechanics and microbiology, this book sheds new light on the particularity of bioprocesses in relation to physical and chemical phenomena. - Presents a multiphase description of bioreactor modeling - Includes a combination of concepts issued from different scientific fields to address a practical issue - Provides a detailed description of the population balance concept as applied to biological systems - Covers a set of illustrative examples of the interaction between hydrodynamics and biological response
