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The Mars Surface Mission A Description Of Human And Robotic Surface Activities
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Book Synopsis The Mars Surface Mission, a Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities by : Stephen J. Hoffman
Download or read book The Mars Surface Mission, a Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities written by Stephen J. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document, originally published as Johnson Space Center document EX13-98-065, describes representative activities that will be carried out by humans and robots as they explore the surface of Mars. The Mars Surface Reference Mission is a tool used by the Exploration Team and the exploration community to compare and evaluate approaches to surface activities. Intended to identify and clarify system drivers, or significant sources of cost, performance, risk, and schedule variation, it does not represent a final or recommended approach.
Book Synopsis The Mars Surface Reference Mission by : Stephen J. Hoffman
Download or read book The Mars Surface Reference Mission written by Stephen J. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safe on Mars by : National Research Council
Download or read book Safe on Mars written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-05-29 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Only those hazards arising from exposure to environmental, chemical, and biological agents on the planet are assessed. To ensure that it was including all previously identified hazards in its study, the Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars referred to the most recent report from NASA's Mars Exploration Program/ Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG) (Greeley, 2001). The committee concluded that the requirements identified in the present NRC report are indeed the only ones essential for NASA to pursue in order to mitigate potential hazards to the first human missions to Mars.
Book Synopsis Lunar Surface Reference Mission, a Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities by : Michael B. Duke
Download or read book Lunar Surface Reference Mission, a Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities written by Michael B. Duke and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals and objectives of future lunar exploration are defined in terms of science, preparation for long-duration stays on the Moon, preparation for human exploration of Mars, exploring the possibility of economic uses of the Moon, and maintaining the health and performance of humans and machines on the Moon. These objectives can be met by carrying out a set of functional activities on the Moon such as scientific field investigations; sample collection and analysis; deployment of surface scientific instruments such asseismometers and telescopes; teleoperation of exploration and technology demonstration systems; intravehicular activity, maintenance and repair; and other activities. These are combined into a set of surface exploration mission options. Short-stay missions that principally address scientific and technology verification are defined for three different types of sites, and long-stay missions, which can build up infrastructure for longer duration stays, are defined for two sites, including a south polar site. Representative timelines for crew surface activities are presented.
Book Synopsis Human Exploration of Mars by : Stephen J. Hoffman
Download or read book Human Exploration of Mars written by Stephen J. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personnel representing several NASA field centers have formulated a "Reference Mission" addressing human exploration of Mars. Summarizes their work and describes a plan for the first human missions to Mars, using approaches that are technically feasible, have reasonable risks, and have relatively low costs. The architecture for the Mars Reference Mission builds on previous work of the Synthesis Group (1991) and Zubrin's (1991) concepts for the use of propellants derived from the Martian Atmosphere. In defining the Reference Mission, choices have been made. The rationale for each choice is documented; however, unanticipated technology advances or political decisions might change the choices in the future.
Book Synopsis Human Missions to Mars by : Donald Rapp
Download or read book Human Missions to Mars written by Donald Rapp and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Donald Rapp looks at human missions to Mars from a technological perspective. He divides the mission into a number of stages: Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit (LEO); departing from LEO toward Mars; Mars orbit insertion and entry, descent and landing; ascent from Mars; trans-Earth injection from Mars orbit and Earth return. A mission to send humans to explore the surface of Mars has been the ultimate goal of planetary exploration since the 1950s, when von Braun conjectured a flotilla of 10 interplanetary vessels carrying a crew of at least 70 humans. Since then, more than 1,000 studies were carried out. This third edition provides extensive updating and additions to the last edition, including new sections, and many new figures and tables, and references.
Download or read book Martian Outpost written by Erik Seedhouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mars Outpost provides a detailed insight into the various technologies, mission architectures, medical requirements, and training needed to send humans to Mars. It focuses on mission objectives and benefits, and the risks and complexities that are compounded when linked to an overall planet exploration program involving several expeditions and setting up a permanent presence on the surface. The first section provides the background to sending a human mission to Mars. Analogies are made with early polar exploration and the expeditions of Shackleton, Amundsen, and Mawson. The interplanetary plans of the European Space Agency, NASA, and Russia are examined, including the possibility of one or more nations joining forces to send humans to Mars. Current mission architectures, such as NASA’s Constellation, ESA’s Aurora, and Ross Tierney’s DIRECT, are described and evaluated. The next section looks at how humans will get to the Red Planet, beginning with the preparation of the crew. The author examines the various analogues to understand the problems Mars-bound astronauts will face. Additional chapters describe the transportation hardware necessary to launch 4-6 astronauts on an interplanetary trajectory to Mars, including the cutting edge engineering and design of life support systems required to protect crews for more than a year from the lethal radiation encountered in deep space. NASA’s current plan is to use standard chemical propulsion technology, but eventually Mars crews will take advantage of advanced propulsion concepts, such as the Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket, ion drives and nuclear propulsion. The interplanetary options for reaching Mars, as well as the major propulsive maneuvers required and the trajectories and energy requirements for manned and unmanned payloads, are reviewed . Another chapter addresses the daunting medical problems and available countermeasures for humans embarking on a mission to Mars: the insidious effects of radiation on the human body and the deleterious consequences of bone and muscle deconditioning. Crew selection will be considered, bearing in mind the strong possibility that they may not be able to return to Earth. Still another chapter describes the guidance, navigation, and control system architecture, as well as the lander design requirements and crew tasks and responsibilities required to touch down on the Red Planet. Section 3 looks at the surface mission architectures. Seedhouse describes such problems as radiation, extreme temperatures, and construction challenges that will be encountered by colonists. He examines proposed concepts for transporting cargo and astronauts long distances across the Martian surface using magnetic levitation systems, permanent rail systems, and flying vehicles. In the penultimate chapter of the book, the author explains an adaptable and mobile exploration architecture that will enable long-term human exploration of Mars, perhaps making it the next space-based tourist location.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration Publisher :Government Printing Office ISBN 13 : Total Pages :36 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis NASA's Journey to Mars: Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Download or read book NASA's Journey to Mars: Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document communicates NASA’s strategy and progress to learn about the Red Planet, to inform us more about our Earth’s past and future, and may help answer whether life exists beyond our home planet. Together with NASA’s partners in academia and commercial enterprises, NASA’s vision is to pioneer Mars and answer some of humanity’s fundamental questions: • Was Mars home to microbial life? Is it today? • Could it be a safe home for humans one day? • What can it teach us about life elsewhere in the cosmos or how life began on Earth? • What can it teach us about Earth’s past, present, and future?
Book Synopsis Safe on Mars by : National Research Council
Download or read book Safe on Mars written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-06-29 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Only those hazards arising from exposure to environmental, chemical, and biological agents on the planet are assessed. To ensure that it was including all previously identified hazards in its study, the Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars referred to the most recent report from NASA's Mars Exploration Program/ Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG) (Greeley, 2001). The committee concluded that the requirements identified in the present NRC report are indeed the only ones essential for NASA to pursue in order to mitigate potential hazards to the first human missions to Mars.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781794392977 Total Pages :34 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (929 download)
Book Synopsis Herro Mission to Mars Using Telerobotic Surface Exploration from Orbit by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Herro Mission to Mars Using Telerobotic Surface Exploration from Orbit written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a concept for a human mission to Mars orbit that features direct robotic exploration of the planet s surface via teleoperation from orbit. This mission is a good example of Human Exploration using Real-time Robotic Operations (HERRO), an exploration strategy that refrains from sending humans to the surfaces of planets with large gravity wells. HERRO avoids the need for complex and expensive man-rated lander/ascent vehicles and surface systems. Additionally, the humans are close enough to the surface to effectively eliminate the two-way communication latency that constrains typical robotic space missions, thus allowing real-time command and control of surface operations and experiments by the crew. Through use of state-of-the-art telecommunications and robotics, HERRO provides the cognitive and decision-making advantages of having humans at the site of study for only a fraction of the cost of conventional human surface missions. It is very similar to how oceanographers and oil companies use telerobotic submersibles to work in inaccessible areas of the ocean, and represents a more expedient, near-term step prior to landing humans on Mars and other large planetary bodies. Results suggest that a single HERRO mission with six crew members could achieve the same exploratory and scientific return as three conventional crewed missions to the Mars surface. Oleson, Steven R. and Landis, Geoffrey A. and McGuire, Melissa L. and Schmidt, George R. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2013-217414, AIAA Paper 2011-0334, E-18085
Book Synopsis Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars by : National Research Council
Download or read book Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-22 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent spacecraft and robotic probes to Mars have yielded data that are changing our understanding significantly about the possibility of existing or past life on that planet. Coupled with advances in biology and life-detection techniques, these developments place increasing importance on the need to protect Mars from contamination by Earth-borne organisms. To help with this effort, NASA requested that the NRC examine existing planetary protection measures for Mars and recommend changes and further research to improve such measures. This report discusses policies, requirements, and techniques to protect Mars from organisms originating on Earth that could interfere with scientific investigations. It provides recommendations on cleanliness and biological burden levels of Mars-bound spacecraft, methods to reach those levels, and research to reduce uncertainties in preventing forward contamination of Mars.
Book Synopsis Humans to Mars by : David S. F. Portree
Download or read book Humans to Mars written by David S. F. Portree and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Red Mars written by Kim Stanley Robinson and published by Spectra. This book was released on 2003-05-27 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Nebula Award for Best Novel • Discover the novel that launched one of science fiction’s most beloved, acclaimed, and awarded trilogies: Kim Stanley Robinson’s masterly near-future chronicle of interplanetary colonization. “A staggering book . . . the best novel on the colonization of Mars that has ever been written.”—Arthur C. Clarke For centuries, the barren, desolate landscape of the red planet has beckoned to humankind. Now a group of one hundred colonists begins a mission whose ultimate goal is to transform Mars into a more Earthlike planet. They will place giant satellite mirrors in Martian orbit to reflect light onto its surface. Black dust sprinkled on the polar caps will capture warmth and melt the ice. And massive tunnels drilled into the mantle will create stupendous vents of hot gases. But despite these ambitious goals, there are some who would fight to the death to prevent Mars from ever being changed.
Book Synopsis Mars Exploration by : Giuseppe Pezzella
Download or read book Mars Exploration written by Giuseppe Pezzella and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 50 years after the Mariner 4 flyby on 15 July 1965, Mars still represents the next frontier of space explorations. Of particular focus nowadays is crewed missions to the red planet. Over three sections, this book explores missions to Mars, in situ operations, and human-rated missions. Chapters address elements of design and possible psychological effects related to human-rated missions. The information contained herein will allow for the development of safe and efficient exploration missions to Mars.
Book Synopsis Benefits Stemming from Space Exploration by : Isecg
Download or read book Benefits Stemming from Space Exploration written by Isecg and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis NASA Concepts for Lunar Mining, Construction on the Moon, Lunar Surface Reference Missions, Human and Robotic Surface Activities, In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU), Lunar Resources, Crew Facilities by : World Spaceflight News
Download or read book NASA Concepts for Lunar Mining, Construction on the Moon, Lunar Surface Reference Missions, Human and Robotic Surface Activities, In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU), Lunar Resources, Crew Facilities written by World Spaceflight News and published by . This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two official NASA internal documents provide unique details of plans developed by NASA during the Constellation program era for human and robotic lunar surface activities, including the possibility of lunar mining and in-situ resource utilization (ISRU). The first document is titled NASA Lunar Mining & Construction Activities and Plans. "One area NASA is developing that can significantly change how systems required for sustained human presence are designed and integrated, as well as potentially break our reliance on Earth supplied logistics, is In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU). ISRU, also known "living off the land", involves the extraction and processing of local resources into useful products. In particular, the ability to make propellants, life support consumables, fuel cell reagents, and radiation shielding can significantly reduce the cost, mass, and risk of sustained human activities beyond Earth. Also, the ability to modify the lunar landscape for safer landing, transfer of payloads from the lander an outpost, dust generation mitigation, and infrastructure placement and buildup are also extremely important for long-term lunar operations. While extra-terrestrial excavation, material handling and processing, and site preparation and construction may be new to NASA and other space agencies, there is extensive terrestrial hardware and commercial experience that can be leveraged. This paper will provide an overview of current NASA activities in lunar ISRU mining and construction and how terrestrial experience in these areas are important to achieving the goal of affordable and sustainable human exploration." The second document is titled Lunar Surface Reference Missions - A Description of Human and Robotic Surface Activities. " The organization of this document begins with a description of several major objectives of renewed exploration of the Moon: (1) Scientific exploration; (2) Determining the suitability of the Moon as the basis for astronomical and other observations; (3) Developing technology and conducting tests relevant to long-term human stays on the Moon; (4) Developing technology and conducting tests of technical and human systems relevant to the human exploration of Mars and beyond; (5) Testing technologies and conducting investigations that can lead to economically beneficial activities on the moon; and (6) Understanding the conditions under which crew health, safety and performance and effective facility operations can be extended for long-duration missions. For each of these areas, the rationale for the activities, their scope and scale, how they might be accomplished, and the functions required to conduct them, are provided. Many of the capabilities required to carry out the objectives are common between objectives, so they are presented and discussed in a section that describes major functional requirements, such as field investigations, mobility, sample analysis, teleoperations, and various crew functions. These are the functions that must be carried out on the lunar surface. Missions will be designed to allow some or all of these functions to be conducted to achieve specific mission objectives, which may differ from mission to mission. Finally, scenarios are provided for two classes of missions: (1) a short-stay time mission, similar to Apollo, in which 4 astronauts spend four days on the lunar surface; and (2) a longer stay time mission, with the capability to support 4 people for 30 days on the Moon. In the long stay time missions, it is possible to add infrastructure incrementally that builds toward even longer stay times for crews on subsequent visits. To provide a true test bed for human exploration of Mars, infrastructure suitable for stays of up to 18 months with crews of 6 or more people on the lunar surface could be required. Construction of these scenarios allows a visualization of potential missions.
Book Synopsis Human and Robotic Exploration Missions to Phobos Prior to Crewed Mars Surface Missions by : Michael L. Gernhardt
Download or read book Human and Robotic Exploration Missions to Phobos Prior to Crewed Mars Surface Missions written by Michael L. Gernhardt and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
