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Book Synopsis The Death of the Mehdi Army by : Nicholas Krohley
Download or read book The Death of the Mehdi Army written by Nicholas Krohley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mehdi Army militia was a towering force in Iraq during the early years of the post-Saddam era. As an aggressive opponent of foreign occupation and one of the principal antagonists in Iraq's brutal sectarian civil war, the militia was central to the violence that ravaged the country and a pivotal political actor. Growing rapidly in size and strength, and controlling entire districts of Baghdad and broad swathes of southern and central Iraq, the Mehdi Army seemed poised to become a Hezbollah-like 'state within a state' that would remain enormously powerful for years to come. Drawing from extensive field experience in one of Baghdad's most volatile militia-held districts, Krohley exposes how, and why, the militia suddenly and unexpectedly collapsed in the midst of the Americans' 'Surge' of forces during 2008. Building from an examination of the Mehdi Army's social and ideological roots, he presents a neighbourhood-by-neighbourhood study of the militia's changing fortunes that offers unparalleled local detail and specificity. Krohley shows how the Mehdi Army's demise was ultimately a self-inflicted 'death' as opposed to a triumph of its foes. In so doing, he not only challenges prevailing orthodoxies of counterinsurgency doc- trine and the mythology of the Surge, but also offers penetrating insights into the battered state of Iraqi society after decades of dictatorship, privation and war.
Download or read book The Mahdi Army written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 25 March 2008, some 15,000 Iraqi troops moved in Basra. Their aim was to drive out the terrorists who had held the city in a murderous grip since the fall of Iraqi dictator, Saddam Hussein. But, even though the troops were backed up with US and British airpower, it still took them about three weeks to regain control of Basra. The terrorists, who then went on the run, were all members of a paramilitary organisation called the Mahdi Army. Founded by Moqtada-al-Sadr, a dissident cleric, the Mahdi Army wrought havoc, not just in Basra, but throughout the whole of Iraq. Al-Sadr's objective was to turn the country into a hardline Islamist state, but coalition forces - as well as a great many ordinary Iraqi citizens - stood in his way. So he embarked on a campaign of violence and terror. Fortunately, it ended in failure. The once-seemingly invincible Mahdi Army is now in complete disarray and al-Sadr has gone into hiding in neighbouring Iran. It's been a long time coming, but for now, at least, peace of a kind is slowly returning to Iraq after years of death and destruction. Part of the BBC series, International Terrorism since 1945, this educational video explores current affairs and politics behind the world's most notorious terrorist attacks.
Book Synopsis An Overview of the Mahdi's Government by : Najmuddin Tabasi
Download or read book An Overview of the Mahdi's Government written by Najmuddin Tabasi and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-05-20 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is one of the many Islamic publications distributed by Mustafa Organization throughout the world in different languages with the aim of conveying the message of Islam to the people of the world. Mustafa Organization is a registered Organization that operates and is sustained through collaborative efforts of volunteers in many countries around the world, and it welcomes your involvement and support. Its objectives are numerous, yet its main goal is to spread the truth about the Islamic faith in general and the Shi`a School of Thought in particular due to the latter being misrepresented, misunderstood and its tenets often assaulted by many ignorant folks, Muslims and non-Muslims. Organization's purpose is to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge through a global medium, the Internet, to locations where such resources are not commonly or easily accessible or are resented, resisted and fought!
Book Synopsis Sectarianism in Iraq by : Fanar Haddad
Download or read book Sectarianism in Iraq written by Fanar Haddad and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-05-03 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viewing Iraq from the outside is made easier by compartmentalising its people (at least the Arabs among them) into Shi'as and Sunnis. But can such broad terms, inherently resistant to accurate quantification, description and definition, ever be a useful reflection of any society? If not, are we to discard the terms 'Shi'a' and 'Sunni' in seeking to understand Iraq? Or are we to deny their relevance and ignore them when considering Iraqi society? How are we to view the common Iraqi injunction that 'we are all brothers' or that 'we have no Shi'as and Sunnis' against the fact of sectarian civil war in 2006? Are they friends or enemies? Are they united or divided; indeed, are they Iraqis or are they Shi'as and Sunnis? Fanar Haddad provides the first comprehensive examination of sectarian relations and sectarian identities in Iraq. Rather than treating the subject by recourse to broad-based categorisation, his analysis recognises the inherent ambiguity of group identity. The salience of sectarian identity and views towards self and other are neither fixed nor constant; rather, they are part of a continuously fluctuating dynamic that sees the relevance of sectarian identity advancing and receding according to context and to wider socioeconomic and political conditions. What drives the salience of sectarian identity? How are sectarian identities negotiated in relation to Iraqi national identity and what role do sectarian identities play in the social and political lives of Iraqi Sunnis and Shi'as? These are some of the questions explored in this book with a particular focus on the two most significant turning points in modern Iraqi sectarian relations: the uprisings of March 1991 and the fall of the Ba'ath in 2003. Haddad explores how sectarian identities are negotiated and seeks finally to put to rest the alarmist and reductionist accounts that seek either to portray all things Iraqi in sectarian terms or to reduce sectarian identity to irrelevance.
Book Synopsis The Mahdi by : Charles River Charles River Editors
Download or read book The Mahdi written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-12 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Explains the history of Islam, the concept of the Mahdi, and how this belief affects today's Middle East *Includes online resources, footnotes, and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents There are few things which the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, for many the leader of the world's Shi'a community, and the leadership of al-Nusra, the Syrian branch of the Sunni terrorist organization Al-Qaida agree upon. One of the few points that they can agree upon in the midst of their war of mutual annihilation is that the Apocalypse is coming and that they are the soldiers of its harbinger and messiah: the Mahdi. Across the Islamic world, the figure of the Mahdi has appeared with increasing prevalence in the last few decades: the "Mahdi Army" patrols Shiite neighborhoods of Baghdad, thousands of Mahdi impersonators rot in Iranian prisons, the feared Boko Haram army aims to bring about the arrival of the Mahdi in Nigeria, and the leader of the Islamic State renamed himself "Caliph Abdullah Ibrahim Ibn Awaad Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Ali Ibn Muhammad of Qurasysh Al-Baghdadi of the tribe of the prophet Muhammad" allowing him to fulfill the prophecy that the Mahdi would be named "Abdullah" and "ibn Muhammad." The Shi'as have always had a deep emotional connection to the belief in the coming of the Mahdi. In fact, most Shi'a believe that he has already come to earth in the form of their hidden ("occulted") Twelfth Imam who has watched over humanity for centuries, and as the minority group within Islam, they have often lived in lands dominated by Sunnis and typically view the Sunni rulers as corrupt and having turned their backs on true Islam. At the same time, the Mahdi has played a crucial role among Sunnis, and the contemporary obsession with the Mahdi, the "Mahdaviat," led to the rise of apocalyptic Sunni groups like ISIS. Sunnis, who are often in power in Islamic lands, have been less comfortable with the fundamental assumption of the fallen states of the leadership. However, since the fall of the last Caliphate (the Ottoman Empire in 1924), and the domination of most of the Islamic world by European colonial powers and then obviously corrupt and often secular strongmen has made many Sunnis turn away from their leadership and look to the Mahdi for inspiration. Outside of formal Islamic authorities, there has also been a long tradition of Mahdi claimants who seek to rise up and overthrow the authorities of their day and establish a truly sacred Muslim community on earth. Throughout it all, there are certain shared characteristics that all Mahdi myths and claimants hold. The first is an assumption that true purity of faith has been lost in modern Islam and that the authorities have turned their back on Islam (even if they still claim to be Muslims). Out of this time of absolute darkness, the Mahdi - a mortal man - will emerge to restore political power and religious purity to the land. With his followers, they will be driven back by the forces of "Rome" (usually interpreted to be the West but often thought today to be the United States, secular Turkey, Israel or the Vatican). Finally, there will be a great battle, perhaps at a place in Syria called Dabiq. The Mahdi will be joined by Jesus (who is an important figure in Islam), and together they will rule over the world. This is connected to Judgment Day, as all Muslims will be tried in this period of strife. The Mahdi: The History of the Prophesized Figure Muslims Believe Will Redeem Islam and Bring About the End Times looks at the history behind the beliefs and how they have shaped Islam over the centuries. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Mahdi like never before, in no time at all.
Book Synopsis Illusions of Victory by : Carter Malkasian
Download or read book Illusions of Victory written by Carter Malkasian and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the immediate aftermath of the 2007 "Surge" of American troops in Iraq, the defeat of al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) in Anbar Province was widely hailed as one of America's signature victories. US Marines and soldiers fought for years there, in grinding battles such as Fallujah and Ramadi that define the experience of Iraq. Eventually, the fractious tribal sheiks in that province, with the help of American troops, united in an "Awakening" that dealt AQI a stunning defeat. The Awakening's success argued that the United States could intervene in a war-torn country and, with the right strategy, bring stability and peace. It seemed to exemplify snatching victory from the jaws of defeat. A decade later, the situation in Anbar Province is dramatically different. In 2014, much of Anbar fell to the AQI's successor organization, the Islamic State, which swept through the region with shocking ease. In Illusions of Victory, Carter Malkasian looks at the wreckage to explain why the Awakening's initial promise proved misleading and why victory was unsustainable. Malkasian begins by tracing the origins of the Awakening, then turns his attention to what happened in its wake. After the United States left, Iraq's Shi'a government sidelined Sunni leaders throughout the country. AQI, brought back to life as the Islamic State, expanded in northern and western Iraq and quickly found a receptive audience among marginalized Sunnis. In short order, the progress that had resulted from the Awakening fell apart. Malkasian draws many lessons from Anbar. Chief among them, the most stunning of victories may not last. The fact that the leading model of success fell apart severely damages the idea that the United States can send the military to a country for a few years and create lasting peace. Even the most successful example was bound to deeper social, sectarian, and religious forces insensitive to temporary boots on the ground. From today's perspective, rather than decisive success, Anbar exemplifies how intervention itself is a costly, long-term project. The most brilliant victory could not escape this wisdom.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Muqtada Al-Sadr by : Rebecca G. Wasser
Download or read book The Emergence of Muqtada Al-Sadr written by Rebecca G. Wasser and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Death of the Mehdi Army by : Nicholas Krohley
Download or read book The Death of the Mehdi Army written by Nicholas Krohley and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing from extensive field experience in one of Baghdad's most volatile militia-held districts, Nicholas Krohley exposes how, and why, the Mehdi Army militia suddenly and unexpectedly collapsed in the midst of the Americans' 'surge' of forces during 2008.
Download or read book War Journal written by Richard Engel and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a journalist's account of the Iraq war on the front lines, including the hiding place of Saddam Hussein, the political process of ayatollahs within Shiite seminaries, and life within al-Qaeda safe houses.
Book Synopsis The 2008 Battle of Sadr City by : David E. Johnson
Download or read book The 2008 Battle of Sadr City written by David E. Johnson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes the 2008 Battle of Sadr City, and presents insights and lessons learned. This analysis advances understanding of urban operations and thereby helps the Army focus on what capabilities it will need in the future for such conflicts.
Book Synopsis Hunting Muqtada by : Harold M. North
Download or read book Hunting Muqtada written by Harold M. North and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In late 2003, five Military Intelligence Soldiers were tasked to track the radical firebrand Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. These Army Reservists followed his moves through the streets and back alleys of Kufa and Najaf, they reported the activities of and the growing influence of his Mahdi Army as they slowly but deliberately encroached on the local governments for control of the prized Imam Ali shrine, and the millions of dollars worth of gold and currency that laid therein. Lieutenant General Ricardo S. Sanchez personally followed the progress of this small group of Soldiers, looking for clues of Sadrs intentions and how it would affect the Coalition and the rest of Iraq. For the next six months, debates raged from the Green Zone to the corridors of the Pentagon, and even to the Oval Office of the White House: what should be done with Muqtada al-Sadr? Now for the first time, the ground truth is revealed about how America let Iraqs most dangerous man raise an army, fight the Coalitiontwiceand then slip through their fingers to escape to Iran, where he is being groomed to become Iraqs next Ayatollah and awaits the time to return and claim Iraq for Iran.
Author :Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Publisher :Islam International Publications Ltd ISBN 13 :1848809050 Total Pages :81 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (488 download)
Book Synopsis The True Nature of the Mahdi by : Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Download or read book The True Nature of the Mahdi written by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and published by Islam International Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of religion demonstrates that all Prophets have suffered vehement opposition. Like all the prophets of God, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi was also opposed. Throughout his life, Maulvi Muhammad Husain of Batala, a staunch opponent, spared no opportunity to harm and malign the Promised Messiah. When all else failed, he began to submit false reports to the British government, alleging that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was a rebel of the state and believed in the advent of a bloodthirsty, violent Mahdi, who would force all non-Muslims to Islam. It was due to these false reports that the author wrote a brief but eloquent treatise outlining his true beliefs regarding the advent of the Promised Mahdi in Islam. In this book, the author explains that the divinely appointed reformer and Mahdi to appear in the latter days would bring a message of peace and conquer the world with love; not through violence and bloodshed. He also reassures the government of his loyalty to the state and exposes the hypocrisy of Maulvi Muhammad Husain and the falsity of his reports to the government.
Book Synopsis Just Another Soldier by : Jason Christopher Hartley
Download or read book Just Another Soldier written by Jason Christopher Hartley and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is not your father's war This is Iraq, where a soldier's first duty is reinforcing his Humvee with sheet metal and sand bags. Or, in the absence of plumbing, burning barrels of human waste. Where any dead dog on the side of the road might be concealing an insurgent's bomb and anyone could be the enemy. At age 17, Jason Christopher Hartley joined the Army National Guard. Thirteen years later, he is called to active duty, to serve in Iraq. Sent to a town called Ad Dujayl, made notorious by Saddam Hussein's 1982 massacre, Hartley is thrust into the center of America's war against terrorism. This is his story. "If you are distrustful of the media and want to know exactly what's going on in Iraq, you'll have to pray for divine enlightenment, because only god knows what the hell is going on over here. However, if you want to know how it feels to be a soldier in Iraq, to hear something honest and raw, that I can help you with." Sometimes profane, often poignant, and always nakedly candid, Just Another Soldier takes the reader past the images seen on CNN and the nightly news, into the day to day reality of life on the ground as an infantryman, attached to the 1st Division, in the first war of the 21st century. From the adrenaline rush of storming a suspected insurgent's house, to the sheer boredom of down time on the base, to the horror of dead civilians, Hartley examines his role as a man, as a soldier and as an American on foreign soil. His quest to discover the balance between his compassionate side and his baser instincts, results in a searing portrait of today's Army and a remarkable personal narrative written in a fresh and exciting new voice. Just Another Soldier is more than a war story; it delivers an intimate look at a generation of young men and women on the front lines of American policy. Whether you're for or against the war in Iraq, this is essential reading.
Download or read book Mahdist War written by Hourly History and published by . This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the remarkable history of the Mahdist War...The Mahdist War took place at the end of the nineteenth century between Sudanese rebels and their Egyptian colonizers. A religious leader claiming to be the Islamic Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad, raised an army and led a movement to guide not only Sudanese Muslims, but Muslims worldwide. He and the Mahdists envisioned a future in which they would live by the teachings of the Qur'an. However, larger global forces, especially those of global imperialism, would stand in their way. From the Mahdist grassroots movement to independence to reconquest, this is the story of the Mahdist War. Discover a plethora of topics such as Life under Egyptian Rule Muhammad Ahmad, the Mahdi British Entrenchment The Suakin Expedition The Reconquest of Sudan The End of the War And much more! So if you want a concise and informative book on the Mahdist War, simply scroll up and click the "Buy now" button for instant access!
Book Synopsis Boots on the ground: Troop Density in Contingency Operations by : John J. McGrath
Download or read book Boots on the ground: Troop Density in Contingency Operations written by John J. McGrath and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2006 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper clearly shows the immediate relevancy of historical study to current events. One of the most common criticisms of the U.S. plan to invade Iraq in 2003 is that too few troops were used. The argument often fails to satisfy anyone for there is no standard against which to judge. A figure of 20 troops per 1000 of the local population is often mentioned as the standard, but as McGrath shows, that figure was arrived at with some questionable assumptions. By analyzing seven military operations from the last 100 years, he arrives at an average number of military forces per 1000 of the population that have been employed in what would generally be considered successful military campaigns. He also points out a variety of important factors affecting those numbers-from geography to local forces employed to supplement soldiers on the battlefield, to the use of contractors-among others.
Book Synopsis Muqtada Al-Sadr and the Fall of Iraq by : Patrick Cockburn
Download or read book Muqtada Al-Sadr and the Fall of Iraq written by Patrick Cockburn and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book about Muqtada al Sadr, the most important political figure in post-occupation Iraq. Muqtada has become the kingmaker of Iraq and a force that is indispensable to any Iraqi government: the Mehdi Army, his devoted militia, now rules half of Baghdad. Far from being the 'firebrand cleric' portrayed in the western media, he is an astute and experienced politician who struggles to lead an anarchic mass movement that he only half controls. In a compelling narrative, award-winning war correspondent Patrick Cockburn charts the rise of Muqtada, and has written an essential book for our understanding of Iraq's future. Cockburn has reported from Iraq since 1977, often at great personal risk, and Muqtada al Sadr and the Fall of Iraq combines first hand accounts of his investigations with vivid and dismaying descriptions of the civil war that is tearing the country apart.
Book Synopsis The "ever-victorious Army," by : Andrew Wilson
Download or read book The "ever-victorious Army," written by Andrew Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
