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Author : Ansley Johnson Coale
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781258303228
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Population Growth and Economic Development in Low Income Countries written by Ansley Johnson Coale and published by . This book was released on 2012-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nico Heerink
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642785719
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Population Growth, Income Distribution, and Economic Development written by Nico Heerink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a model of long-term interrelationships between income distribution, population growth and economic development is developed and estimated from data for 54 countries. The results indicate that a reduction of income inequality leads to lower fertility and mortality, to improvedbasic needs satisfaction, and to lower labour force participation of young and old males and of females in Asia and Africa. The effect of income distribution on saving and consumption is found to be negligible. These outcomes suggest that family planning and health policies in LDCs will show better results when they are supplemented with policies aimed at makingthe poor benefit from economic growth. As regards development policy, the results indicate that a reduction of income inequality does not impair the formation of physical capital, but enhances the formation of human capital and lowers the growth rate of the labour force.
Author : Ms. Valerie Cerra
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513572660
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Links Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: A Survey written by Ms. Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309036410
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Population Growth and Economic Development written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses nine relevant questions: Will population growth reduce the growth rate of per capita income because it reduces the per capita availability of exhaustible resources? How about for renewable resources? Will population growth aggravate degradation of the natural environment? Does more rapid growth reduce worker output and consumption? Do rapid growth and greater density lead to productivity gains through scale economies and thereby raise per capita income? Will rapid population growth reduce per capita levels of education and health? Will it increase inequality of income distribution? Is it an important source of labor problems and city population absorption? And, finally, do the economic effects of population growth justify government programs to reduce fertility that go beyond the provision of family planning services?
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : Norman Loayza
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Composition of Growth Matters for Poverty Alleviation written by Norman Loayza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper contributes to explain the cross-country heterogeneity of the poverty response to changes in economic growth. It does so by focusing on the structure of output growth. The paper presents a two-sector theoretical model that clarifies the mechanism through which the sectoral composition of growth and associated labor intensity can affect workers' wages and, thus, poverty alleviation. Then in presents cross-country empirical evidence that analyzes first, the differential poverty-reducing impact of sectoral growth at various levels of disaggregation, and the role of unskilled labor intensity in such differential impact. The paper finds evidence that not only the size of economic growth but also its composition matters for poverty alleviation, with the largest contributuons from labor-intensive sectors (such as agriculture, construction, and manufacturing). The results are robust to the influence of outliers, alternative explanations, and various poverty measures.
Author : Ann Harrison
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226318001
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Globalization and Poverty written by Ann Harrison and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.
Author : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484396987
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Inequality of Opportunity, Inequality of Income and Economic Growth written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We posit that the relationship between income inequality and economic growth is mediated by the level of equality of opportunity, which we identify with intergenerational mobility. In economies characterized by intergenerational rigidities, an increase in income inequality has persistent effects—for example by hindering human capital accumulation— thereby retarding future growth disproportionately. We use several recently developed internationally comparable measures of intergenerational mobility to confirm that the negative impact of income inequality on growth is higher the lower is intergenerational mobility. Our results suggest that omitting intergenerational mobility leads to misspecification, shedding light on why the empirical literature on income inequality and growth has been so inconclusive.
Author : Michael Spence
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821376608
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Health and Growth written by Michael Spence and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book containes a series of "state of the art" essays on topics related to health and growth. The Commission on Growth and Development (CGD)--in preparing its own Growth Report--wished to take stock of the current state of knowledge and understanding of economic growth, and thus commissioned a series of essays on a range of thematic areas. One such area is health. The following questions are discussed in the book:Does investing in health raise economic growth? Can governments achieve rapid growth or high incomes without investing in health? What are the options and benefits of different an.
Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513547437
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author : Paul Collier
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195374630
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book The Bottom Billion written by Paul Collier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2008-10-02 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bottom Billion is an elegant and impassioned synthesis from one of the world's leading experts on Africa and poverty. It was hailed as "the best non-fiction book so far this year" by Nicholas Kristoff of The New York Times.
Author : Theo S. Eicher
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262050692
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Inequality and Growth written by Theo S. Eicher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
Author : James C. Riley
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520252861
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Low Income, Social Growth, and Good Health written by James C. Riley and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life expectancy and income among the first countries to begin health transitions -- Which countries should be studied? -- A colonizer and the country colonized : Japan and Korea -- Very low income is not a barrier : Sri Lanka -- Two neighbors : Panama and Costa Rica -- Capitalism and communism, dictatorship and democracy : Cuba and Jamaica -- The Soviet and Chinese models of social development -- Oil-rich lands -- The Latin American case : income inequality and health in Mexico -- Limiting mortality from fecal disease, malaria, and tuberculosis.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309483980
Total Pages : 619 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The strengths and abilities children develop from infancy through adolescence are crucial for their physical, emotional, and cognitive growth, which in turn help them to achieve success in school and to become responsible, economically self-sufficient, and healthy adults. Capable, responsible, and healthy adults are clearly the foundation of a well-functioning and prosperous society, yet America's future is not as secure as it could be because millions of American children live in families with incomes below the poverty line. A wealth of evidence suggests that a lack of adequate economic resources for families with children compromises these children's ability to grow and achieve adult success, hurting them and the broader society. A Roadmap to Reducing Child Poverty reviews the research on linkages between child poverty and child well-being, and analyzes the poverty-reducing effects of major assistance programs directed at children and families. This report also provides policy and program recommendations for reducing the number of children living in poverty in the United States by half within 10 years.
Author : David Bloom
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833033735
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)
Download or read book The Demographic Dividend written by David Bloom and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.
Author : Edmundo Murrugarra
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821384376
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Migration and Poverty written by Edmundo Murrugarra and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume uses recent research from the World Bank to document and analyze the bidirectional relationship between poverty and migration in developing countries. The case studies chapters compiled in this book (from Tanzania, Nepal, Albania and Nicaragua), as well as the last, policy-oriented chapter illustrate the diversity of migration experience and tackle the complicated nexus between migration and poverty reduction. Two main messages emerge: Although evidence indicates that migration reduces poverty, it also shows that migration opportunities of the poor differ from that of the rest. In general, the evidence suggests that the poor either migrate less or migrate to low return destinations. As a consequence, many developing countries are not maximizing the poverty-reducing potential of migration. The main reason behind this outcome is difficulties in access to remunerative migration opportunities and the high costs associated with migrating. It is shown, for example, that reducing migration costs makes migration more pro-poor. The volume shows that developing countries governments are not without means to improve this situation. Several of the country examples offer a few policy recommendations towards this end.
Author : United Nations Development Programme
Publisher : Human Development Report
ISBN 13 : 019506481X
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)
Download or read book Human Development Report 1990 written by United Nations Development Programme and published by Human Development Report. This book was released on 1990 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First in a series of annual reports, this volume is about people and about how development enlarges their choices--access to income, long life, knowledge, political freedom, personal security, community participation, and guaranteed human rights. It measures human development not by the yardstick of income alone, but by the human development index--reflecting life expectancy, literacy and command over resources to enjoy a decent standard of living. The report analyzes the record of human development for the last three decades and the experience of 14 countries in managing economic growth and human development. The volume concludes with human development indicators for more than 130 countries, both developing and developed. ISBN 0-19-306481-X (pbk.): $15.95.
