The Interplay Between Missing Structural Reforms And Monetary Policy

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The interplay between (missing) structural reforms and monetary policy

Author : Philipp Huber
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346000702
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis The interplay between (missing) structural reforms and monetary policy by : Philipp Huber

Download or read book The interplay between (missing) structural reforms and monetary policy written by Philipp Huber and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 1,3, University of Frankfurt (Main) (House of Finance), language: English, abstract: Many well-known economists argue to achieve a prospering economy; it is crucially important to have an efficient collaboration between a country’s monetary policy, concerning a stable currency and inflation rate, as well as a proper fiscal policy, including structural reforms and governmental spendings. In the backdrop of this opinion, the European Monetary Union (EMU) was established in 1999, in which the monetary policy for several countries is centralised in one institution, the European Central Bank (ECB). This is a massive achievement, as for most of Europe’s history, it has been at war with itself, which did not foster any trade or other kinds of economic co-operation. Europe was always a continent of trade barriers, tariffs and different currencies. Therefore, doing business across borders was always highly sluggish, and in the light of all these obstacles, it tended to stifle economic growth. After World War II has left Europe in a devastating condition, the natural choice to rebuild the continent was to remove these ancient barriers. By implementing the Euro in 1999, this went even a step further. Domestic currencies ended to exist as well as the very individual monetary policies. In consequence the national central banks shifted the control to the newly formed ECB. The Eurozone had now one unified monetary policy, but still many different fiscal policies in the respective member states. Before the Euro was born, countries like Greece or Italy not only had to pay high interest rates to borrow money, they also could only lend a limited amount, as lenders were not comfortable providing them too many credits. However, as they became members of the European Monetary Union, the tables turned, because big security providers, like Germany, were now part of it.

Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries

Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1589068181
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries by : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry

Download or read book Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the impact on economic performance of structural policies-policies that increase the role of market forces and competition in the economy, while maintaining appropriate regulatory frameworks. The results reflect a new dataset covering reforms of domestic product markets, international trade, the domestic financial sector, and the external capital account, in 91 developed and developing countries. Among the key results of this study, the authors find that real and financial reforms (and, in particular, domestic financial liberalization, trade liberalization, and agricultural liberalization) boost income growth. However, growth effects differ significantly across alternative reform sequencing strategies: a trade-before-capital-account strategy achieves better outcomes than the reverse, or even than a "big bang"; also, liberalizing the domestic financial sector together with the external capital account is growth-enhancing, provided the economy is relatively open to international trade. Finally, relatively liberalized domestic financial sectors enhance the economy's resilience, reducing output costs from adverse terms-of-trade and interest-rate shocks; increased credit availability is one of the key mechanisms.

Monetary Policy and the Housing Bubble

Author : Jane Dokko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Monetary Policy and the Housing Bubble by : Jane Dokko

Download or read book Monetary Policy and the Housing Bubble written by Jane Dokko and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America

Author : Jorge M. Katz
Publisher : United Nations Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America by : Jorge M. Katz

Download or read book Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America written by Jorge M. Katz and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last ten to fifteen years, profound structural reforms have moved Latin America and the Caribbean from closed, state-dominated economies to ones that are more market-oriented and open. Policymakers expected that these changes would speed up growth. This book is part of a multi-year project to determine whether these expectation have been fulfilled. Focusing on technological change, the impact of the reforms on the process of innovation is examined. It notes that the development process is proving to be highly heterogenous across industries, regions and firms and can be described as strongly inequitable. This differentiation that has emerged has implications for job creation, trade balance, and the role of small and medium sized firms. This ultimately suggests, amongst other things, the need for policies to better spread the use of new technologies.

Conditionality in Evolving Monetary Policy Regimes

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498343694
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Conditionality in Evolving Monetary Policy Regimes by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Conditionality in Evolving Monetary Policy Regimes written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-05-03 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With single-digit inflation and substantial financial deepening, developing countries are adopting more flexible and forward-looking monetary policy frameworks and ascribing a greater role to policy interest rates and inflation objectives. While some countries have adopted formal inflation targeting regimes, others have developed frameworks with greater target flexibility to accommodate changing money demand, use of policy rates to signal the monetary policy stance, and implicit inflation targets.

The World Bank Research Observer

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis The World Bank Research Observer by :

Download or read book The World Bank Research Observer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries

Author : Wilfried A. Kouamé
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484347005
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries by : Wilfried A. Kouamé

Download or read book Structural Reforms and Firms’ Productivity: Evidence from Developing Countries written by Wilfried A. Kouamé and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the effects of structural reforms on firm-level productivity for 37 developing countries from 2006 to 2014 period. It takes advantage of the IMF Monitoring of Fund Arrangements dataset for reform indexes and the World Bank Enterprise Surveys for firm-level productivity. The paper highlights the following results. Structural reforms such as financial, fiscal, real sector, and trade reforms, significantly improve firm-level productivity. Interestingly, real sector reforms have the most sizeable effects on firm-level productivity. The relationship between structural reforms and firm-level productivity is nonlinear and shaped by some firms’ characteristics such as the financial access, the distortionary environment, and the size of firms. The pace of structural reforms matters since being a “strong reformer” is associated with a clear productivity dividend for firms. Finally, except for financial and trade reforms, all structural reforms under consideration are bilaterally complementary in improving firm-level productivity. These findings are robust to several sensitivity checks.

Regulatory Cycles: Revisiting the Political Economy of Financial Crises

Author : Jihad Dagher
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484337743
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulatory Cycles: Revisiting the Political Economy of Financial Crises by : Jihad Dagher

Download or read book Regulatory Cycles: Revisiting the Political Economy of Financial Crises written by Jihad Dagher and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial crises are traditionally analyzed as purely economic phenomena. The political economy of financial booms and busts remains both under-emphasized and limited to isolated episodes. This paper examines the political economy of financial policy during ten of the most infamous financial booms and busts since the 18th century, and presents consistent evidence of pro-cyclical regulatory policies by governments. Financial booms, and risk-taking during these episodes, were often amplified by political regulatory stimuli, credit subsidies, and an increasing light-touch approach to financial supervision. The regulatory backlash that ensues from financial crises can only be understood in the context of the deep political ramifications of these crises. Post-crisis regulations do not always survive the following boom. The interplay between politics and financial policy over these cycles deserves further attention. History suggests that politics can be the undoing of macro-prudential regulations.

Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498344062
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.

The Rise of Digital Money

Author : Mr.Tobias Adrian
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498324908
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of Digital Money by : Mr.Tobias Adrian

Download or read book The Rise of Digital Money written by Mr.Tobias Adrian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper marks the launch of a new IMF series, Fintech Notes. Building on years of IMF staff work, it will explore pressing topics in the digital economy and be issued periodically. The series will carry work by IMF staff and will seek to provide insight into the intersection of technology and the global economy. The Rise of Digital Money analyses how technology companies are stepping up competition to large banks and credit card companies. Digital forms of money are increasingly in the wallets of consumers as well as in the minds of policymakers. Cash and bank deposits are battling with so-called e-money, electronically stored monetary value denominated in, and pegged to, a currency like the euro or the dollar. This paper identifies the benefits and risks and highlights regulatory issues that are likely to emerge with a broader adoption of stablecoins. The paper also highlights the risks associated with e-money: potential creation of new monopolies; threats to weaker currencies; concerns about consumer protection and financial stability; and the risk of fostering illegal activities, among others.

The Great Inflation

Author : Michael D. Bordo
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226066959
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Inflation by : Michael D. Bordo

Download or read book The Great Inflation written by Michael D. Bordo and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling inflation is among the most important objectives of economic policy. By maintaining price stability, policy makers are able to reduce uncertainty, improve price-monitoring mechanisms, and facilitate more efficient planning and allocation of resources, thereby raising productivity. This volume focuses on understanding the causes of the Great Inflation of the 1970s and ’80s, which saw rising inflation in many nations, and which propelled interest rates across the developing world into the double digits. In the decades since, the immediate cause of the period’s rise in inflation has been the subject of considerable debate. Among the areas of contention are the role of monetary policy in driving inflation and the implications this had both for policy design and for evaluating the performance of those who set the policy. Here, contributors map monetary policy from the 1960s to the present, shedding light on the ways in which the lessons of the Great Inflation were absorbed and applied to today’s global and increasingly complex economic environment.

Monetary Policy Implementation: Operational Issues for Countries with Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks

Author : Nils Mæhle
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513526855
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Monetary Policy Implementation: Operational Issues for Countries with Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks by : Nils Mæhle

Download or read book Monetary Policy Implementation: Operational Issues for Countries with Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks written by Nils Mæhle and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses operational issues for countries that want to reform their monetary policy frameworks. It argues that stabilizing short-term interest rates on a day-to-day basis has significant advantages, and thus that short-term interest rates, not reserve money, in most cases should be the daily operating target, including for countries relying on a money targeting policy strategy. The paper discusses how a policy formulation framework based on monetary aggregates can be combined with an operational framework that ensures more stable and predictable short-term rates to enhance policy transmission. It also discusses how to best configure an interest-rate-based operational framework when markets are underdeveloped and liqudity management capacity is weak.

The Chicago Plan Revisited

Author : Mr.Jaromir Benes
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475505523
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chicago Plan Revisited by : Mr.Jaromir Benes

Download or read book The Chicago Plan Revisited written by Mr.Jaromir Benes and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the height of the Great Depression a number of leading U.S. economists advanced a proposal for monetary reform that became known as the Chicago Plan. It envisaged the separation of the monetary and credit functions of the banking system, by requiring 100% reserve backing for deposits. Irving Fisher (1936) claimed the following advantages for this plan: (1) Much better control of a major source of business cycle fluctuations, sudden increases and contractions of bank credit and of the supply of bank-created money. (2) Complete elimination of bank runs. (3) Dramatic reduction of the (net) public debt. (4) Dramatic reduction of private debt, as money creation no longer requires simultaneous debt creation. We study these claims by embedding a comprehensive and carefully calibrated model of the banking system in a DSGE model of the U.S. economy. We find support for all four of Fisher's claims. Furthermore, output gains approach 10 percent, and steady state inflation can drop to zero without posing problems for the conduct of monetary policy.

The IMF and the Silent Revolution

Author : Mr.James M. Boughton
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781557759702
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (597 download)

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Book Synopsis The IMF and the Silent Revolution by : Mr.James M. Boughton

Download or read book The IMF and the Silent Revolution written by Mr.James M. Boughton and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-09-11 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pamphlet is adapted from Chapter 1 of Silent Revolution: The International Monetary Fund, 1979-89, by the same author. That book is full of history of the evolution of the Fund during 11 years in which the institution truly came of age as a participant in the international financial system.

Staff Guidance Note on Macroprudential Policy

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498342620
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Staff Guidance Note on Macroprudential Policy by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Staff Guidance Note on Macroprudential Policy written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This note provides guidance to facilitate the staff’s advice on macroprudential policy in Fund surveillance. It elaborates on the principles set out in the “Key Aspects of Macroprudential Policy,” taking into account the work of international standard setters as well as the evolving country experience with macroprudential policy. The main note is accompanied by supplements offering Detailed Guidance on Instruments and Considerations for Low Income Countries

Rethinking Fiscal Policy after the Crisis

Author : Ľudovít Ódor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108339484
Total Pages : 615 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Fiscal Policy after the Crisis by : Ľudovít Ódor

Download or read book Rethinking Fiscal Policy after the Crisis written by Ľudovít Ódor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the often overlooked future of fiscal policy in light of what we have learned from the financial crisis. This book is for academics and graduate students studying the debate on fiscal policy, as well as practitioners working on day-to-day policy issues.

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.