The Human Genome Project and Minority Communities

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Author :
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Genome Project and Minority Communities by : Raymond A. Zilinskas

Download or read book The Human Genome Project and Minority Communities written by Raymond A. Zilinskas and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2001 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zilinskas and Balint and their contributors examine the divisions between minority groups and the scientific community, particularly in the area of medical and genetic research. Minorities have reasons to be skeptical of medical research in general and genetics research in particular. The sad history of the Tuskegee experiment, in which black men with syphilis were left untreated so that the course of the disease could be studied, undermined confidence in the ethics of medical researchers. More recently, publication of The Bell Curve reanimated controversy over purported genetic distinctions among the races that could have powerfully negative social implications. In contrast, as the essays make clear, the Human Genome Project, conducted in accordance with the highest ethical standards, has the potential to make dramatic positive contributions to the health of all human beings. Members of minority communities in particular—who statistically are at high risk of adverse health outcomes in the United States—have much to gain from innovative medical diagnostics and therapies that will result from the study of human genetics. Therefore, if we are to benefit fully from this new knowledge, it is vital that the distrust, skepticism, and misconceptions relating to genetics research be overcome. This is a provocative collection for scholars, students, researchers, and community leaders involved with minority and public health issues.

Race in Contemporary Medicine

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136764550
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Race in Contemporary Medicine by : Sander L. Gilman

Download or read book Race in Contemporary Medicine written by Sander L. Gilman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles addresses contemporary debates regarding race in medicine today, answering questions from a bio-medical and social perspective.

Reconsidering Race

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019046528X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Reconsidering Race by : Kazuko Suzuki

Download or read book Reconsidering Race written by Kazuko Suzuki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to more fully understand what we mean by "race", social scientists need to engage genetics, medicine, and health. While the contributors of this volume reject pseudoscience and hierarchical ways of looking at race, they make the claim that it is time to reassess the Western-based, "social construction" paradigm. Arguing that race is not merely socially constructed, the contributors offer a provocative collection of views on the way that social scientistsmust reconsider the idea of race in the age of genomics.

Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309184746
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity by : National Research Council

Download or read book Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-01-19 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the scientific value and merit of research on human genetic differencesâ€"including a collection of DNA samples that represents the whole of human genetic diversityâ€"and the ethical, organizational, and policy issues surrounding such research. Evaluating Human Genetic Diversity discusses the potential uses of such collection, such as providing insight into human evolution and origins and serving as a springboard for important medical research. It also addresses issues of confidentiality and individual privacy for participants in genetic diversity research studies.

Human Genome Diversity Project

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Genome Diversity Project by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs

Download or read book Human Genome Diversity Project written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Race Decoded

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Author :
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804782059
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Race Decoded by : Catherine Bliss

Download or read book Race Decoded written by Catherine Bliss and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2000, with the success of the Human Genome Project, scientists declared the death of race in biology and medicine. But within five years, many of these same scientists had reversed course and embarked upon a new hunt for the biological meaning of race. Drawing on personal interviews and life stories, Race Decoded takes us into the world of elite genome scientists—including Francis Collins, director of the NIH; Craig Venter, the first person to create a synthetic genome; and Spencer Wells, National Geographic Society explorer-in-residence, among others—to show how and why they are formulating new ways of thinking about race. In this original exploration, Catherine Bliss reveals a paradigm shift, both at the level of science and society, from colorblindness to racial consciousness. Scientists have been fighting older understandings of race in biology while simultaneously promoting a new grand-scale program of minority inclusion. In selecting research topics or considering research design, scientists routinely draw upon personal experience of race to push the public to think about race as a biosocial entity, and even those of the most privileged racial and social backgrounds incorporate identity politics in the scientific process. Though individual scientists may view their positions differently—whether as a black civil rights activist or a white bench scientist—all stakeholders in the scientific debates are drawing on memories of racial discrimination to fashion a science-based activism to fight for social justice.

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309070864
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309038405
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome by : National Research Council

Download or read book Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is growing enthusiasm in the scientific community about the prospect of mapping and sequencing the human genome, a monumental project that will have far-reaching consequences for medicine, biology, technology, and other fields. But how will such an effort be organized and funded? How will we develop the new technologies that are needed? What new legal, social, and ethical questions will be raised? Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome is a blueprint for this proposed project. The authors offer a highly readable explanation of the technical aspects of genetic mapping and sequencing, and they recommend specific interim and long-range research goals, organizational strategies, and funding levels. They also outline some of the legal and social questions that might arise and urge their early consideration by policymakers.

Human Population Genetic Research in Developing Countries

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135047103
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Population Genetic Research in Developing Countries by : Yue Wang

Download or read book Human Population Genetic Research in Developing Countries written by Yue Wang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human population genetic research (HPGR) seeks to identify the diversity and variation of the human genome and how human group and individual genetic diversity has developed. This book asks whether developing countries are well prepared for the ethical and legal conduct of human population genetic research, with specific regard to vulnerable target group protection. The book highlights particular issues raised by genetic research on populations as a whole, such as the potential harm specific groups may suffer in genetic research, and the capacity for current frameworks of Western developed countries to provide adequate protections for these target populations. Using The People’s Republic of China as a key example, Yue Wang argues that since the target groups of HPGR are almost always from isolated and rural areas of developing countries, the ethical and legal frameworks for human subject protection need to be reconsidered in order to eliminate, or at least reduce, the vulnerability of those groups. While most discussion in this field focuses on the impact of genetic research on individuals, this book breaks new ground in exploring how the interests of target groups are also seriously implicated in genetic work. In evaluating current regulations concerning prevention of harm to vulnerable groups, the book also puts forward an alternative model for group protection in the context of human population genetic research in developing countries. The book will be of great interest to students and academics of medical law, ethics, and the implications of genetic research.

A Guide to the Human Genome Project

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Author :
Publisher : Chemical Heritage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 9780941901109
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to the Human Genome Project by : Susan L. Speaker

Download or read book A Guide to the Human Genome Project written by Susan L. Speaker and published by Chemical Heritage Foundation. This book was released on 1993 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This simple, concise introduction to the HGP for the general reader explores the origins of the genome project and reactions in the scientific community; important technologies and techniques; institutions connected with the HGP, including designated genome centers, important suppliers of resources, and corporations; systems of communication; and ethical, legal, and social issues. A publication of the Biomolecular Sciences Initiative of CHF's Beckman Center for the History of Chemistry.

What's the Use of Race?

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262265710
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis What's the Use of Race? by : Ian Whitmarsh

Download or read book What's the Use of Race? written by Ian Whitmarsh and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How race as a category—reinforced by new discoveries in genetics—is used as a basis for practice and policy in law, science, and medicine. The post–civil rights era perspective of many scientists and scholars was that race was nothing more than a social construction. Recently, however, the relevance of race as a social, legal, and medical category has been reinvigorated by science, especially by discoveries in genetics. Although in 2000 the Human Genome Project reported that humans shared 99.9 percent of their genetic code, scientists soon began to argue that the degree of variation was actually greater than this, and that this variation maps naturally onto conventional categories of race. In the context of this rejuvenated biology of race, the contributors to What's the Use of Race? Investigate whether race can be a category of analysis without reinforcing it as a basis for discrimination. Can policies that aim to alleviate inequality inadvertently increase it by reifying race differences? The essays focus on contemporary questions at the cutting edge of genetics and governance, examining them from the perspectives of law, science, and medicine. The book follows the use of race in three domains of governance: ruling, knowing, and caring. Contributors first examine the use of race and genetics in the courtroom, law enforcement, and scientific oversight; then explore the ways that race becomes, implicitly or explicitly, part of the genomic science that attempts to address human diversity; and finally investigate how race is used to understand and act on inequities in health and disease. Answering these questions is essential for setting policies for biology and citizenship in the twenty-first century.

Justice and the Human Genome Project

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Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520377931
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice and the Human Genome Project by : Timothy F. Murphy

Download or read book Justice and the Human Genome Project written by Timothy F. Murphy and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-07-26 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human Genome Project is an expensive, ambitious, and controversial attempt to locate and map every one of the approximately 100,000 genes in the human body. If it works, and we are able, for instance, to identify markers for genetic diseases long before they develop, who will have the right to obtain such information? What will be the consequences for health care, health insurance, employability, and research priorities? And, more broadly, how will attitudes toward human differences be affected, morally and socially, by the setting of a genetic “standard”? The compatibility of individual rights and genetic fairness is challenged by the technological possibilities of the future, making it difficult to create an agenda for a “just genetics.” Beginning with an account of the utopian dreams and authoritarian tendencies of historical eugenics movements, this book’s nine essays probe the potential social uses and abuses of detailed genetic information. Lucid and wide-ranging, these contributions will interest bioethicists, legal scholars, and policy makers. Essays: “The Genome Project and the Meaning of Difference,” Timothy F. Murphy “Eugenics and the Human Genome Project: Is the Past Prologue?,” Daniel J. Kevles “Handle with Care: Race, Class, and Genetics,” Arthur L. Caplan “Public Choices and Private Choices: Legal Regulation of Genetic Testing,” Lori B. Andrews “Rules for Gene Banks: Protecting Privacy in the Genetics Age,” George J. Annas “Use of Genetic Information by Private Insurers,” Robert J. Pokorski “The Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care,” Norman Daniels “Just Genetics: A Problem Agenda,” Leonard M. Fleck “Justice and the Limitations of Genetic Knowledge,” Marc A. Lappé This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1994.

The Human Genome Project and the Future of Health Care

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Author :
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780253113252
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Genome Project and the Future of Health Care by : Thomas H. Murray

Download or read book The Human Genome Project and the Future of Health Care written by Thomas H. Murray and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1996-12-22 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The volume deserves our serious attention. The authors have provided us an invaluable primer about the HGP and its implications for the future of American health care." -- Jurimetrics "This book does make a real contribution... in explaining why the genetics revolution holds so much promise and why it is so difficult to bring that promise to fruition." -- The Journal of Legal Medicine "... marked by a forward-looking, analytically and empirically grounded thematic coherence. The editors' carefully crafted template and contributions successfully focus and organize the material." -- Annals of Internal Medicine "Excellent" -- Canadian Medical Association Journal "The editors have done a very good job integrating the contents into a very useful and readable information source." -- Choice "... this highly focused book is a well-written, thoughtful, and insightful consideration of the HGP and is valuable reading for anyone concerned with the future of our country's medical infrastructure." -- Science Books & Films (**Highly recommended) "A distinguished group of scientists, lawyers, and scholars have written a coherent, readable account of the legal, medical, ethical, and policy issues many (if not all) of us will be wrestling with on both a personal and a public level, as a result of current genetic research." -- Library Journal "Each of the contributors is a distinguished authority on the topic. Ethicists, especially, will find well-developed presentation of issues, with exposition of the differing ethical assumptions in tension in the society debate." -- Doody's Health Sciences Book Review Home Page How will the science of gene mapping and gene manipulation affect health care? Leading scholars explore the clinical, ethical, legal, and policy implications of the Human Genome Project for the forms of health care, who delivers it, who receives it, and who pays for it.

Adam, Eve, and the Genome

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Author :
Publisher : Fortress Press
ISBN 13 : 9781451418637
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Adam, Eve, and the Genome by : Susan Brooks Thistlethwaite

Download or read book Adam, Eve, and the Genome written by Susan Brooks Thistlethwaite and published by Fortress Press. This book was released on with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the ethical issues posed by genetic engineering.

The NIH record

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The NIH record by :

Download or read book The NIH record written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Populations and Genetics

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Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047402936
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis Populations and Genetics by : Bartha Maria Knoppers

Download or read book Populations and Genetics written by Bartha Maria Knoppers and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic research and testing is not limited to individuals and their families. Increasingly, there is focus on communities and even whole populations. This raises legal and socio-ethical and issues that have not been addressed. In this age of international biobanking involving populations, are current legal and ethical approaches sufficient? This book of selected papers covers population research and banking as well as accompanying confidentiality, and governance concerns. Possible commercialization, patents, benefit sharing, discrimination, and the role of patient organizations and of developing countries are also discussed. New perspectives and models are provided. The book concludes with a Statement of Principles on the Ethical Conduct of Human Genetic Research Involving Populations. Policymakers, academics, legislators and researchers will find this book to be current and controversial. The human genome may be mapped but the legal and socio-ethical debate is far from over.

Plain Talk about the Human Genome Project

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Plain Talk about the Human Genome Project by : Edward Jude Smith

Download or read book Plain Talk about the Human Genome Project written by Edward Jude Smith and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: