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Download or read book The Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System Technical Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309055857
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book The Hanford Tanks written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-10-10 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hanford Site (also known as the Hanford Reservation) occupies approximately 1,450 km2 (560 square miles) along the Columbia River in south-central Washington, north of the city of Richland. The site was established by the federal government in 1943 to produce plutonium for nuclear weapons. Currently, the mission of the site, under the responsibility of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), is management of wastes generated by the weapons program and remediation of the environment contaminated by that waste. As part of that mission, DOE and the State of Washington Department of Ecology prepared the Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS). The Hanford Tanks is a general review of the DEIS. Its findings and recommendations are the subject of this report. Selection of a disposition plan for these wastes is a decision of national importance, involving potential environmental and health risks, technical challenges, and costs of tens to hundreds of billions of dollars. The last comprehensive analysis of these issues was completed 10 years ago, and several major changes in plans have occurred since. Therefore, the current reevaluation is timely and prudent. This report endorses the decision to prepare this new environmental impact statement, and in particular the decision to evaluate a wide range of alternatives not restricted to those encouraged by current regulatory policies.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Research and Development Support of the Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research and development of new technology in support of the tank waste remediation system (TWRS) program at Hanford is largely driven by the unique situation with the Hanford radioactive tank wastes. The operational history at Hanford has involved three different major processes and several major campaigns to recover fission products from the wastes, and has not maintained a segregation of the high-level wastes. The result is a very diverse inventory with very high content of solids of many different chemical constituents and great complexity. The R & D program must not only assure that an acceptable strategy for remediation of these wastes can be put in place, it must also define ways of improving the cost effectiveness of the strategy to make the mammoth task more tractable.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Alternative New Technical Strategy Flowsheets for Tank Waste Remediation System written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hanford Tank remediation plans have gone through a few revisions for the best waste processing system. Some designs have been complex while others have been fairly simple. One of the key means in understanding and selecting among the various proposed systems is a discrete events modeling of the system. This modeling provides insight into (1) The total required size of the system; (2) The amount of material, such as reagents and other added materials that must be supplied; (3) The final mass of waste that must be stored; and (4) Areas within the system where a small change can greatly effect the total system. Discrete events modeling also provides the means by which various proposed systems may be compared. It is the framework in which variations within a particular system may be explored and compared to other instantiations. This study examines the current New Technical Strategy flowsheet system with discrete event modeling. Some of the possible variations within that system are examined and compared. Further, an previously proposed, more complex system is examined.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Clean Option written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plans for remediation of the Hanford underground storage tanks are currently undergoing reevaluation. As part of this process, many options are being considered for the Tank Waste Remediation System (MRS). The clean option'' described here proposes an aggressive waste processing strategy to achieve the three ma or objectives: Greatly reduce the volume of high-level waste (HLW) to lessen demands on geologic repository space; decrease by several orders of magnitude the amount of radioactivity and toxicity now in the waste tanks that will be left permanently onsite as low-level solid waste (LLW); and accomplish the first two objectives without significantly increasing the total amount of waste for disposal. The study discussed here focuses on process chemistry, as it provides the foundation for achieving the clean option objectives. Because demonstrated separation steps have been identified and connected in a way that meets these objectives, the study concludes that the process chemistry rests on a firm technical basis.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Hanford Tank Waste Remediation Systems (TWRS) Waste Pretreatment Program Strategy and Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Department of Energy (DOE) has established the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) to safely manage an dispose of the Hanford Site tank waste. Pretreatment is one of the major program elements of the TWRS. The scope of the TWRS Tank Waste Pretreatment Program is to treat tank waste to separate it into high- and low-level waste fractions and to provide additional treatment as required to feed low-level waste fractions and to provide additional treatment as required to feed low-level and high-level waste immobilization processes. The Pretreatment Program activities include technology development, design, fabrication, construction, and operation of facilities to support the pretreatment of radioactive mixed waste retrieved from 28 large underground double-shell tanks and 149 single-shell tanks.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation Systems (TWRS), Management and Disposal of Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes, City of Richland, Grant County written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Clean Option written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plans for remediation of the Hanford underground storage tanks are currently undergoing reevaluation. As part of this process, many options are being considered for the Tank Waste Remediation System (MRS). The ''clean option'' described here proposes an aggressive waste processing strategy to achieve the three ma or objectives: Greatly reduce the volume of high-level waste (HLW) to lessen demands on geologic repository space; decrease by several orders of magnitude the amount of radioactivity and toxicity now in the waste tanks that will be left permanently onsite as low-level solid waste (LLW); and accomplish the first two objectives without significantly increasing the total amount of waste for disposal. The study discussed here focuses on process chemistry, as it provides the foundation for achieving the clean option objectives. Because demonstrated separation steps have been identified and connected in a way that meets these objectives, the study concludes that the process chemistry rests on a firm technical basis.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System. Waste Management 1993 Symposium Papers and Viewgraphs written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State has the most diverse and largest amount of highly radioactive waste of any site in the US. High-level radioactive waste has been stored in large underground tanks since 1944. A Tank Waste Remediation System Program has been established within the DOE to safely manage and immobilize these wastes in anticipation of permanent disposal in a geologic repository. The Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System Waste Management 1993 Symposium Papers and Viewgraphs covered the following topics: Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System Overview; Tank Waste Retrieval Issues and Options for their Resolution; Tank Waste Pretreatment - Issues, Alternatives and Strategies for Resolution; Low-Level Waste Disposal - Grout Issue and Alternative Waste Form Technology; A Strategy for Resolving High-Priority Hanford Site Radioactive Waste Storage Tank Safety Issues; Tank Waste Chemistry - A New Understanding of Waste Aging; Recent Results from Characterization of Ferrocyanide Wastes at the Hanford Site; Resolving the Safety Issue for Radioactive Waste Tanks with High Organic Content; Technology to Support Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System Objectives.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309061814
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Systems Analysis and Systems Engineering in Environmental Remediation Programs at the Department of Energy Hanford Site written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-09-21 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of systems engineering is to organize information and knowledge to assist those who manage, direct, and control the planning, development, production, and operation of the systems necessary to accomplish a given mission. However, this purpose can be compromised or defeated if information production and organization becomes an end unto itself. Systems engineering was developed to help resolve the engineering problems that are encountered when attempting to develop and implement large and complex engineering projects. It depends upon integrated program planning and development, disciplined and consistent allocation and control of design and development requirements and functions, and systems analysis. The key thesis of this report is that proper application of systems analysis and systems engineering will improve the management of tank wastes at the Hanford Site significantly, thereby leading to reduced life cycle costs for remediation and more effective risk reduction. The committee recognizes that evidence for cost savings from application of systems engineering has not been demonstrated yet.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Tank Waste Remediation System Optimized Processing Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an alternative strategy evolved from the current Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) programmatic baseline for accomplishing the treatment and disposal of the Hanford Site tank wastes. This optimized processing strategy performs the major elements of the TWRS Program, but modifies the deployment of selected treatment technologies to reduce the program cost. The present program for development of waste retrieval, pretreatment, and vitrification technologies continues, but the optimized processing strategy reuses a single facility to accomplish the separations/low-activity waste (LAW) vitrification and the high-level waste (HLW) vitrification processes sequentially, thereby eliminating the need for a separate HLW vitrification facility.
Author : Stuart T. Arm
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040114849
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Remediation of Legacy Hazardous and Nuclear Industrial Sites written by Stuart T. Arm and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-09-12 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remediation of Legacy Hazardous and Nuclear Industrial Sites provides an overview of the key elements involved in remediating complex waste sites using the Hanford nuclear site as a case study. Hanford is one of the most complex waste sites in the world and has examples of most, if not all, characteristics of the complex waste sites that exist globally. This book is aimed at a non-technical audience and describes the stages of remediation based on general RCRA/CERCLA processes, from establishing a strategy that includes all stakeholders to site assessment, waste treatment and disposal, and long-term monitoring. Features: Informs a non-technical audience of the important elements involved in complex waste site remediation Employs the Hanford Site as a case study throughout to explain real-world applications of remediation steps Connects the “human” element to the technical aspects through interviews with key current and retired individuals at the Hanford Site Includes discussion of stakeholders and the engagement process in remediation Demonstrates how all elements of complex waste site remediation from demolition of buildings to groundwater management are interrelated Focuses on broader technical and sociopolitical challenges for remediation of a contaminated site Aimed at a broad audience, this book offers approachable guidance to technical and non-technical readers through a series of real-world examples that cover each important step in the complex waste cleanup process.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Tank Waste Remediation System Optimized Processing Strategy with an Altered Treatment Scheme written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an alternative strategy evolved from the current Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) programmatic baseline for accomplishing the treatment and disposal of the Hanford Site tank wastes. This optimized processing strategy with an altered treatment scheme performs the major elements of the TWRS Program, but modifies the deployment of selected treatment technologies to reduce the program cost. The present program for development of waste retrieval, pretreatment, and vitrification technologies continues, but the optimized processing strategy reuses a single facility to accomplish the separations/low-activity waste (LAW) vitrification and the high-level waste (HLW) vitrification processes sequentially, thereby eliminating the need for a separate HLW vitrification facility.
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book The Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation System written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, located in southeastern Washington State, has the most diverse and largest amount of highly radioactive waste in the United States. High-level radioactive waste has been stored in large underground tanks since 1944. Approximately 230,000 m3 (61 Mgal) of caustic liquids, slurries, saltcakes, and sludges have 137Cs accumulated in 177 tanks. In addition, significant amounts of 9°Sr and were removed from the tank waste, converted to salts, doubly encapsulated in metal containers., and stored in water basins. A Tank Waste Remediation System Program was established by the U.S. Department of Energy in 1991 to safely manage and immobilize these wastes in anticipation of permanent disposal of the high-level waste fraction in a geologic repository. Since 1991, progress has been made resolving waste tank safety issues, upgrading Tank Farm facilities and operations, and developing a new strategy for retrieving, treating, and immobilizing the waste for disposal.
Download or read book Testing and Development Strategy for the Tank Waste Remediation System written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gene Aloise
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437923488
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Waste written by Gene Aloise and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At its Hanford Site in Washington State, the Dept. of Energy (DoE) is responsible for one of the world¿s biggest cleanup projects: the treatment and disposal of about 56 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste, stored in 177 underground tanks. Two decades and several halted efforts later, none of this waste has yet been treated, cleanup costs have grown steadily, and prospective cleanup time frames have lengthened. This report assesses: (1) DoE¿s current tank waste cleanup strategy and key technical, legal, and other uncertainties; (2) the extent to which DoE has analyzed whether this strategy is commensurate with risks from the wastes; and (3) opportunities to reduce tank waste cleanup costs. Includes recommend. Charts and tables.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Clean Option written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of high-level tank wastes at the Hanford Site is currently envisioned to divide the waste between two principal waste forms: glass for the high-level waste (HLW) and grout for the low-level waste (LLW). The draft flow diagram shown in Figure 1.1 was developed as part of the current planning process for the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS), which is evaluating options for tank cleanup. The TWRS has been established by the US Department of Energy (DOE) to safely manage the Hanford tank wastes. It includes tank safety and waste disposal issues, as well as the waste pretreatment and waste minimization issues that are involved in the ''clean option'' discussed in this report. This report describes the results of a study led by Pacific Northwest Laboratory to determine if a more aggressive separations scheme could be devised which could mitigate concerns over the quantity of the HLW and the toxicity of the LLW produced by the reference system. This aggressive scheme, which would meet NRC Class A restrictions (10 CFR 61), would fit within the overall concept depicted in Figure 1.1; it would perform additional and/or modified operations in the areas identified as interim storage, pretreatment, and LLW concentration. Additional benefits of this scheme might result from using HLW and LLW disposal forms other than glass and grout, but such departures from the reference case are not included at this time. The evaluation of this aggressive separations scheme addressed institutional issues such as: radioactivity remaining in the Hanford Site LLW grout, volume of HLW glass that must be shipped offsite, and disposition of appropriate waste constituents to nonwaste forms.
