The German Buybacks, 1932-1939

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The German Buybacks, 1932-1939 by : Adam Klug

Download or read book The German Buybacks, 1932-1939 written by Adam Klug and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The German sovereign-debt buybacks from 1932 to 1939 constitute a powerful historical experiment for assessing the desirability of open-market debt buybacks. At no other time has a single country bought back so much debt in such a short time. In the period from 1932 to 1936, at least 35 percent of Germany?s outstanding debt to the United States was repurchased on the secondary market, and 32 percent of its total debt was similarly liquidated. Buybacks continued into the early years of the war. During the most intense buyback period, from 1932 to 1934, the debt?s market value appears to have remained unchanged despite the large reductions in its face value caused by the buybacks. It is impossible, however, to corroborate statistically that increases in the market value of unpurchased debt were caused by the repurchases. Estimation of the so-called Debt Laffer Curve for Germany shows that Germany suffered no loss from the buybacks, because the marginal and average values of the debt were equal. The evidence thus contradicts the view that a country cannot gain from a buyback because such a repurchase will cause an increase in secondary-market prices. Three additional means by which Germany may have gained from the buyback rely on a difference in the valuations placed on German debt by the debtor and the creditors: using buybacks as a concealed export subsidy, keeping them secret, and responding to a threat of trade retaliation, as opposed to a threat of direct asset seizure. Only the last of these is consistent with the available archival and statistical evidence.

The German Buybacks, 1932-39

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis The German Buybacks, 1932-39 by : Adam Klug

Download or read book The German Buybacks, 1932-39 written by Adam Klug and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hitler's Shadow Empire

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674728858
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Hitler's Shadow Empire by : Pierpaolo Barbieri

Download or read book Hitler's Shadow Empire written by Pierpaolo Barbieri and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pitting fascists and communists in a showdown for supremacy, the Spanish Civil War has long been seen as a grim dress rehearsal for World War II. Francisco Franco’s Nationalists prevailed with German and Italian military assistance—a clear instance, it seemed, of like-minded regimes joining forces in the fight against global Bolshevism. In Hitler’s Shadow Empire Pierpaolo Barbieri revises this standard account of Axis intervention in the Spanish Civil War, arguing that economic ambitions—not ideology—drove Hitler’s Iberian intervention. The Nazis hoped to establish an economic empire in Europe, and in Spain they tested the tactics intended for future subject territories. “The Spanish Civil War is among the 20th-century military conflicts about which the most continues to be published...Hitler’s Shadow Empire is one of few recent studies offering fresh information, specifically describing German trade in the Franco-controlled zone. While it is typically assumed that Nazi Germany, like Stalinist Russia, became involved in the Spanish Civil War for ideological reasons, Pierpaolo Barbieri, an economic analyst, shows that the motives of the two main powers were quite different. —Stephen Schwartz, Weekly Standard

Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134714181
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered by : Gordon Martel

Download or read book Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered written by Gordon Martel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-02-07 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When A.J.P. Taylor's The Origins of the Second World War appeared in 1961 it made a profound impact. The book became a classic and a central point of reference in all discussion on the Second World War. The second edition of this distinguished collection, written by leading experts in the field, is designed to bring the state of the argument up to date. The issues discussed include: * the legacy of the Treaty of Versailles * Hitlers foreign policy * Appeasement * AJP Taylor and the Russians * the treatment of the crises leading up to war including the Anschluss, Danzig, Abysinnian crises and the Spanish Civil War. This second edition will ensure that The Origins of the Second World War will remain a high priority student and scholarly reading lists.

The History of Foreign Investment in the United States, 1914-1945

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674045181
Total Pages : 1009 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Foreign Investment in the United States, 1914-1945 by : Mira WILKINS

Download or read book The History of Foreign Investment in the United States, 1914-1945 written by Mira WILKINS and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 1009 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mira Wilkins, the foremost authority on foreign investment in the United States, continues her magisterial history in a work covering the critical years 1914-1945. Wilkins includes all long-term inward foreign investments, both portfolio (by individuals and institutions) and direct (by multinationals), across such enterprises as chemicals and pharmaceuticals, textiles, insurance, banks and mortgage providers, other service sector companies, and mining and oil industries. She traces the complex course of inward investments, presents the experiences of the investors, and examines the political and economic conditions, particularly the range of public policies, that affected foreign investments. She also offers valuable discussions on the intricate cross-investments of inward and outward involvements and the legal precedents that had long-term consequences on foreign investment. At the start of World War I, the United States was a debtor nation. By the end of World War II, it was a creditor nation with the strongest economy in the world. Integrating economic, business, technological, legal, and diplomatic history, this comprehensive study is essential to understanding the internationalization of the American economy, as well as broader global trends.

Sovereign Defaults before International Courts and Tribunals

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139496131
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Sovereign Defaults before International Courts and Tribunals by : Michael Waibel

Download or read book Sovereign Defaults before International Courts and Tribunals written by Michael Waibel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-26 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International law on sovereign defaults is underdeveloped because States have largely refrained from adjudicating disputes arising out of public debt. The looming new wave of sovereign defaults is likely to shift dispute resolution away from national courts to international tribunals and transform the current regime for restructuring sovereign debt. Michael Waibel assesses how international tribunals balance creditor claims and sovereign capacity to pay across time. The history of adjudicating sovereign defaults internationally over the last 150 years offers a rich repository of experience for future cases: US state defaults, quasi-receiverships in the Dominican Republic and Ottoman Empire, the Venezuela Preferential Case, the Soviet repudiation in 1917, the League of Nations, the World War Foreign Debt Commission, Germany's 30-year restructuring after 1918 and ICSID arbitration on Argentina's default in 2001. The remarkable continuity in international practice and jurisprudence suggests avenues for building durable institutions capable of resolving future sovereign defaults.

The Great Depression of the 1930s

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199663181
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great Depression of the 1930s by : Nicholas Crafts

Download or read book The Great Depression of the 1930s written by Nicholas Crafts and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together contributions written by internationally distinguished economic historians. The editors explore the current fascination with the 1930s great depression, and link it with the great recession which began in 2007 and still poses a threat to economic stability.

Money and Trade Wars in Interwar Europe

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137327006
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Money and Trade Wars in Interwar Europe by : ALESSANDRO ROSELLI

Download or read book Money and Trade Wars in Interwar Europe written by ALESSANDRO ROSELLI and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books explains, on the basis of archival evidence and a simple economic model, why and how the gold standard collapsed in the interwar period. It also reveals how bilateralism and dirigisme in international financial relations emerged from the collapse of the universal gold standard, and how this poisoned international relations.

National Cultures and International Competition

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521814812
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (148 download)

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Book Synopsis National Cultures and International Competition by : Christopher Kobrak

Download or read book National Cultures and International Competition written by Christopher Kobrak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-10-07 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

The Open Economy Macromodel: Past, Present and Future

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461510759
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis The Open Economy Macromodel: Past, Present and Future by : Arie Arnon

Download or read book The Open Economy Macromodel: Past, Present and Future written by Arie Arnon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impetus for the conference that was the basis for this volume emanated from the influence of two brilliant minds-Egon Sohmen and Adam Klug, who both died at an early age, leaving their families and the professions of economics and economic history with major voids. In the course of research on the origins of Open Economy Macroeconomics, the significant contributions of Egon Sohmen came to the fore. After correspondence with some of those involved in the early development of the Open Economy Macromodel, we turned to Adam Klug for his views on the matter-as he had dealt with the history of intertemporal trade models in his Ph. D. thesis. And it was Adam who suggested the idea of a conference bringing together economists and economic historians. At this point we want to acknowledge the very generous grant from the Egon Sohmen Foundation and the active participation of Dr. Helmut Sohmen and Mrs. Renee Sohmen at the conference. We also want to thank Prof. Sir Aaron Klug, Nobel Laureate, and the Klug family for their support and the financial contribution of the Adam Klug Memorial Lecture Fund at Ben Gurion University. Other institutions that contributed to the conference were the Gianni Foundation; Bank of Israel; University of North Carolina; Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Science and Aharon Meir Center for Banking, Bar Ilan University; Department of Economics and Faculty of Social Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.

Debt and Entanglements Between the Wars

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513511793
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Debt and Entanglements Between the Wars by : Mr.Thomas J Sargent

Download or read book Debt and Entanglements Between the Wars written by Mr.Thomas J Sargent and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World War I created a set of forces that affected the political arrangements and economies of all the countries involved. This period in global economic history between World War I and II offers rich material for studying international monetary and sovereign debt policies. Debt and Entanglements between the Wars focuses on the experiences of the United States, United Kingdom, four countries in the British Commonwealth (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Newfoundland), France, Italy, Germany, and Japan, offering unique insights into how political and economic interests influenced alliances, defaults, and the unwinding of debts. The narratives presented show how the absence of effective international collaboration and resolution mechanisms inflicted damage on the global economy, with disastrous consequences.

A Free Nation Deep in Debt

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691126326
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis A Free Nation Deep in Debt by : James MacDonald

Download or read book A Free Nation Deep in Debt written by James MacDonald and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-22 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the greater part of recorded history the most successful and powerful states were autocracies; yet now the world is increasingly dominated by democracies. In A Free Nation Deep in Debt, James Macdonald provides a novel answer for how and why this political transformation occurred. The pressures of war finance led ancient states to store up treasure; and treasure accumulation invariably favored autocratic states. But when the art of public borrowing was developed by the city-states of medieval Italy as a democratic alternative to the treasure chest, the balance of power tipped. From that point on, the pressures of war favored states with the greatest public creditworthiness; and the most creditworthy states were invariably those in which the people who provided the money also controlled the government. Democracy had found a secret weapon and the era of the citizen creditor was born. Macdonald unfolds this tale in a sweeping history that starts in biblical times, passes via medieval Italy to the wars and revolutions of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and ends with the great bond drives that financed the two world wars.

The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War

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Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 0805094970
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War by : Stephen Kinzer

Download or read book The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War written by Stephen Kinzer and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2013-10 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint biography of John Foster Dulles and Allen Dulles, who led the United States into foreign adventures that decisively shaped today's world as the Cold War was at its peak.

Inseparable

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1684514274
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (845 download)

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Book Synopsis Inseparable by : Faris Cassell

Download or read book Inseparable written by Faris Cassell and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: See the Holocaust through the Eyes of Children. Stefan and Marion Hess's happy childhood was shattered in 1943. Torn from their home in Amsterdam, the six-year-old twins and their parents were deported to a place their mother called "this dying hell"—the infamous concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen. Inseparable is the vivid account of one family's struggle to survive the Holocaust. In the camp, the children ran from SS soldiers, making it a game to see who could get closest to the guard towers before being warned they would be shot. Stefan and Marion witnessed their father beaten beyond recognition, dodged strafing warplanes, and somehow survived in a place where "the children were looking for bread between the corpses." Above all, this is the unforgettable story of a young mother and father who were willing to sacrifice everything for their children. From the Hesses' prosperous pre-war life in Germany to their desperate ride in a bulletstrafed boxcar through the rubble of the collapsing Third Reich, Faris Cassell weaves Stefan and Marion’s personal memories and historical details into a gripping narration of their family’s heroic fight for their lives. As the number of Holocaust survivors dwindles, the Hess twins' account of their childhood ordeal forces the reader to grapple with pure evil. And more important, it is an opportunity to offer the most meaningful of tributes to victims and survivors of the Third Reich—remembrance.

When Nations Can't Default

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009343947
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis When Nations Can't Default by : Simon Hinrichsen

Download or read book When Nations Can't Default written by Simon Hinrichsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-02 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: War reparations have been large and small, repaid and defaulted on, but the consequences have almost always been significant. Ever since Keynes made his case against German reparations in The Economic Consequences of the Peace, the effects of transfer payments have been hotly debated. When Nations Can't Default tells the history of war reparations and their consequences by combining history, political economy, and open economy macroeconomics. It visits often forgotten episodes and tells the story of how reparations were mostly repaid - and when they were not. Analysing fifteen episodes of war reparations, this book argues that reparations are unlike other sovereign debt because repayment is enforced by military and political force, making it a senior liability of the state.

Banking, Currency, and Finance in Europe Between the Wars

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Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 9780191521669
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis Banking, Currency, and Finance in Europe Between the Wars by : Charles H. Feinstein

Download or read book Banking, Currency, and Finance in Europe Between the Wars written by Charles H. Feinstein and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1995-09-28 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The financial history of interwar Europe was dominated by catastrophic episodes of hyper-inflation, dramatic exchange rate crises, massive and destabilizing movements of gold and capital, and extensive banking failures. In their attempt to restore and sustain the gold standard as the basis of the international monetary system, many countries were compelled to resort to deflationary fiscal and monetary policies of exceptional severity. The policies thus adopted in the 1920s were a major cause of the Great Depression of 1929-33; and this in turn exerted a powerful influence on the subsequent political and economic history of the 1930s. This collection of essays is the work of an international network of economic historians from Europe and the United States convened by the European Science Foundation. It brings together, in an accessible style, current knowledge and understanding of the nature and effects of these developments in banking, currency, and finance in the interwar period. The topics are examined at three levels. In Part I a substantial introductory survey of the central issues over the entire period is followed by special studies of the banking crises, the global capital flows, and the interrelationship of economic and political policies, with each of these themes considered in an international perspective. Part II is devoted to illuminating comparative analyses of the financial and exchange policies of pairs of countries; France and Italy, Britain and Germany, Sweden and Finland, and Belgium and France. In Part III the essays move to the level of individual countries and each contributor explores topics such as the form and efficacy of official banking and monetary policies, the role of the central bank, movements in the money supply and prices, the relationship between the banks and the industrial sector, changes in exchange rates and foreign capital investment. The volume covers all the major countries, and also makes available the results of recent research on banking and finance in smaller countries, such as Spain, Austria, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Bulgaria, and Ireland. The questions addressed by this book, and the temes and patterns it reveals, are relevant both to economic and political historians of the years between the two world wars, and to those interested in contemporary banking and financial problems.

The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Europe: Volume 2, 1870 to the Present

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139489518
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Europe: Volume 2, 1870 to the Present by : Stephen Broadberry

Download or read book The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Europe: Volume 2, 1870 to the Present written by Stephen Broadberry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike most existing textbooks on the economic history of modern Europe, which offer a country-by-country approach, The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Europe rethinks Europe's economic history since 1700 as unified and pan-European, with the material organized by topic rather than by country. This second volume tracks Europe's economic history through three major phases since 1870. The first phase was an age of globalization and of European economic and political dominance that lasted until the First World War. The second, from 1914 to 1945, was one of war, deglobalization, and depression and the third was one of growing integration not only within Europe but also between Europe and the global economy. Leading authors offer comprehensive and accessible introductions to these patterns of globalization and deglobalization as well as to key themes in modern economic history such as economic growth, business cycles, sectoral developments, and population and living standards.