The Gaither Committee Eisenhower And The Cold War

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The Gaither Committee, Eisenhower, and the Cold War

Author : David Lindsey Snead
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gaither Committee, Eisenhower, and the Cold War by : David Lindsey Snead

Download or read book The Gaither Committee, Eisenhower, and the Cold War written by David Lindsey Snead and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the United States struggled to respond to the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in 1957, President Eisenhower received a top secret report prepared by a committee of leading scientific, business, and military experts. The panel, called the Gaither Committee in recognition of its first chair, H. Rowan Gaither Jr., emphasized the inadequacy of U.S. defense measures designed to protect the civilian population and the vulnerability of the country's strategic nuclear forces in the event of a Soviet attack. The committee concluded that in the event of a surprise Soviet attack, the United States would not be able to defend itself. The years following Sputnik and the Gaither Committee's report were a watershed period in America's cold war history. During the remaining years of the Eisenhower administration, the intensification of the cold war caused the acceleration of an arms race that dramatically raised the stakes of any potential conflict. The Gaither Committee was at the center of debates about U.S. national security and U.S.-Soviet relations. The committee's recommendations led to increases in defense spending and the development of our nuclear arsenal.

Eisenhower's Fine Group of Fellows

Author : Valerie L. Adams
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739109588
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Eisenhower's Fine Group of Fellows by : Valerie L. Adams

Download or read book Eisenhower's Fine Group of Fellows written by Valerie L. Adams and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eisenhower's Fine Group of Fellows examines the contributions and management of civilians during the Eisenhower administration. Valerie Adams provides a concise history of the roles played by civilian advisers in developing a national security strategy. By examining the successful utilization of civilians in the Eisenhower administration, Adams draws lessons for the future from our recent past. The cooperation of Eisenhower's administration was exemplary in many aspects, including: the management of ad hoc civilian committees, the utilization of science and technology, and the personal leadership of Eisenhower himself. Eisenhower's Fine Group of Fellows draws a blueprint from the past for the future and is of great interest to historians of the period and forward thinkers.

Eisenhower and the Missile Gap

Author : Peter J. Roman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Eisenhower and the Missile Gap by : Peter J. Roman

Download or read book Eisenhower and the Missile Gap written by Peter J. Roman and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roman argues that presidential leadership from 1957 to 1960 was crucial to national security. Dwight D. Eisenhower was, he argues, actively involved in all nuclear policy making. Eisenhower's responses to the extreme uncertainty of the late 1950s shaped American nuclear policy for decades, and in its internal deliberations his administration anticipated much of the subsequent public debate.

Eisenhower and the Cold War

Author : Robert A. Divine
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195028244
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Eisenhower and the Cold War by : Robert A. Divine

Download or read book Eisenhower and the Cold War written by Robert A. Divine and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1981 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that Eisenhower was a stronger president than previously believed and was responsible for many important accomplishments in the area of foreign policy and the quest for peace.

Harold Stassen

Author : Lawrence S. Kaplan
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813174899
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Harold Stassen by : Lawrence S. Kaplan

Download or read book Harold Stassen written by Lawrence S. Kaplan and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harold Stassen (1907--2001) garnered accolades as the thirty-one-year-old "boy wonder" governor of Minnesota and quickly assumed a national role as aide to Admiral William Halsey Jr. during World War II. When Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected in 1952, Stassen was named director of the Mutual Security Administration and then became the president's special assistant for disarmament. In this position, Stassen had the power to profoundly shape the country's foreign policy and became influential in early Cold War policy discussions about the limits and uses of conventional and nuclear weapons. In this nuanced biography, Lawrence S. Kaplan demonstrates that Stassen's role in Eisenhower's White House deserves more analysis than it has received from scholars. Stassen came to Washington advocating the total elimination of nuclear weapons, but he quickly came to recognize that this would not happen. He refocused his efforts, working for greater international transparency and communication. The liberal internationalism that Stassen espoused became embedded in Cold War policy for decades, and he consistently provided a voice for peace in an increasingly hawkish national security establishment. Stassen, in many ways, was his own worst enemy; his ambition and ego undermined his efforts and clouded his vision. His feuds with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles were legendary, and while Dulles often prevailed in the meeting room, Stassen's vision of nuclear restraint was one that Eisenhower shared. Kaplan's study provides a new perspective on nuclear disarmament during a critical period in US history and sheds light on Eisenhower's approach to international relations.

Rearming for the Cold War, 1945-1960

Author : Elliott Vanveltner Converse
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 792 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Rearming for the Cold War, 1945-1960 by : Elliott Vanveltner Converse

Download or read book Rearming for the Cold War, 1945-1960 written by Elliott Vanveltner Converse and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2012 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book Description: The first publication in a multivolume series on the history of the acquisition of major weapon systems by the Department of Defense, author Elliott Converse presents a meticulously researched overview of changes in acquisition policies, organizations, and processes within the United States military establishment during the decade and a half following World War II. Many of the changes that shaped the nature and course of weapons research and development, production, and contracting through the end of the century were instituted between 1945 and 1960; many of the problems that have repeatedly challenged defense policymakers and acquisition professionals also first surfaced during these years. This study is the first to combine the histories of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) and the military services into one account. The volume is organized chronologically, with individual chapters addressing the roles of OSD, the Army, Navy and Air Force in two distinct periods.

Eisenhower and the Gaither Report

Author : David Lindsey Snead
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Eisenhower and the Gaither Report by : David Lindsey Snead

Download or read book Eisenhower and the Gaither Report written by David Lindsey Snead and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the United States reeled from the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in late 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower received a top secret report prepared by a committee of leading scientific, business, and military experts. The panel, called the Gaither committee in recognition of its first chairman, H. Rowan Gaither, Jr., emphasized both the inadequacy of U.S. defense measures designed to protect the civil population and the vulnerability of the country's strategic nuclear forces in the event of a Soviet attack. The Gaither committee viewed these defense measures--ranging from a missile system to defend the continental United States to the construction of shelters to protect the population from radioactive fallout--and the maintenance of sufficient strategic forces to launch military strikes against Soviet targets as essential for the preservation of U.S. security. It concluded that in the case of a surprise Soviet nuclear attack the United States would be unable to defend itself with any degree of success. The committee emphasized the urgent need for the Eisenhower administration to strengthen the country's continental and civil defenses and to accelerate the development of its strategic striking power. This study examines the history of Gaither committee: Why was it created? What were the backgrounds of its members? What evidence did it examine in performing its study? Why did it reach the conclusions it did? How influential was it on the Eisenhower administration? This manuscript illuminates the significance of the Gaither committee in shaping changes in Eisenhower's national security policies and in the development of President Kennedy's. It demonstrates that Eisenhower followed a consistent set of values and used an established decision making system to evaluate the Gaither committee's findings and to make changes in his national security policies. It reveals that Eisenhower sought the assistance of experts from a variety of professions to supplement the advice

The Cold War [5 volumes]

Author : Spencer C. Tucker
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1440860769
Total Pages : 2392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cold War [5 volumes] by : Spencer C. Tucker

Download or read book The Cold War [5 volumes] written by Spencer C. Tucker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 2392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sweeping reference work covers every aspect of the Cold War, from its ignition in the ashes of World War II, through the Berlin Wall and the Cuban Missile Crisis, to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Cold War superpower face-off between the Soviet Union and the United States dominated international affairs in the second half of the 20th century and still reverberates around the world today. This comprehensive and insightful multivolume set provides authoritative entries on all aspects of this world-changing event, including wars, new military technologies, diplomatic initiatives, espionage activities, important individuals and organizations, economic developments, societal and cultural events, and more. This expansive coverage provides readers with the necessary context to understand the many facets of this complex conflict. The work begins with a preface and introduction and then offers illuminating introductory essays on the origins and course of the Cold War, which are followed by some 1,500 entries on key individuals, wars, battles, weapons systems, diplomacy, politics, economics, and art and culture. Each entry has cross-references and a list of books for further reading. The text includes more than 100 key primary source documents, a detailed chronology, a glossary, and a selective bibliography. Numerous illustrations and maps are inset throughout to provide additional context to the material.

Eisenhower's Sputnik Moment

Author : Yanek Mieczkowski
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801467926
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Eisenhower's Sputnik Moment by : Yanek Mieczkowski

Download or read book Eisenhower's Sputnik Moment written by Yanek Mieczkowski and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a critical Cold War moment, Dwight D. Eisenhower’s presidency suddenly changed when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world’s first satellite. What Ike called "a small ball" became a source of Russian pride and propaganda, and it wounded him politically, as critics charged that he responded sluggishly to the challenge of space exploration. Yet Eisenhower refused to panic after Sputnik—and he did more than just stay calm. He helped to guide the United States into the Space Age, even though Americans have given greater credit to John F. Kennedy for that achievement. In Eisenhower’s Sputnik Moment, Yanek Mieczkowski examines the early history of America’s space program, reassessing Eisenhower’s leadership. He details how Eisenhower approved breakthrough satellites, supported a new civilian space agency, signed a landmark science education law, and fostered improved relations with scientists. These feats made Eisenhower’s post-Sputnik years not the flop that critics alleged but a time of remarkable progress, even as he endured the setbacks of recession, medical illness, and a humiliating first U.S. attempt to launch a satellite. Eisenhower’s principled stands enabled him to resist intense pressure to boost federal spending, and he instead pursued his priorities—a balanced budget, prosperous economy, and sturdy national defense. Yet Sputnik also altered the world’s power dynamics, sweeping Eisenhower in directions that were new—even alien—to him, and he misjudged the importance of space in the Cold War’s "prestige race." By contrast, Kennedy capitalized on the issue in the 1960 election, and after taking office he urged a manned mission to the moon, leaving Eisenhower to grumble over the young president’s aggressive approach. Offering a fast-paced account of this Cold War episode, Mieczkowski demonstrates that Eisenhower built an impressive record in space and on earth, all the while offering warnings about America’s stature and strengths that still hold true today.

Waging Peace

Author : Robert Richardson Bowie
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195062647
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Waging Peace by : Robert Richardson Bowie

Download or read book Waging Peace written by Robert Richardson Bowie and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waging Peace offers the first comprehensive study of Eisenhower's "New Look" strategy for national security, which provided the framework for the next three decades of America's cold war strategy. Waging Peace will be of great interest to scholars and students of the Eisenhower era, diplomatic history, the Cold War, and contemporary foreign policy, as well as practitioners and general readers interested in these subjects.

Khrushchev's Cold War: The Inside Story of an American Adversary

Author : Aleksandr Fursenko
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393078337
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Khrushchev's Cold War: The Inside Story of an American Adversary by : Aleksandr Fursenko

Download or read book Khrushchev's Cold War: The Inside Story of an American Adversary written by Aleksandr Fursenko and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2010-10-25 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Contains unsettling insights into some of the most dangerous geopolitical crises of the time.”—The Economist This acclaimed study from the authors of “One Hell of a Gamble” brings to life head-to-head confrontations between the Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev and Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy. Drawing on their unrivaled access to Politburo and KGB materials, Aleksandr Fursenko and Timothy Naftali combine new insights into the Cuban missile crisis as well as startling narratives of the contests for Suez, Iraq, Berlin, and Southeast Asia, with vivid portraits of leaders who challenged Moscow and Washington. Khrushchev’s Cold War provides a gripping history of the crisis years of the Cold War.

The Sputnik Challenge

Author : Robert A. Divine
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199923345
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sputnik Challenge by : Robert A. Divine

Download or read book The Sputnik Challenge written by Robert A. Divine and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1993-03-25 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched a 184-pound metal ball called Sputnik into orbit around the Earth, and America plummeted into a panic. Nuclear weapon designer Edward Teller claimed that the United States had lost "a battle more important and greater than Pearl Harbor," and magazine articles appeared with such headlines as "Are We Americans Going Soft?" In the White House, President Eisenhower seemed to do nothing, leading Kennedy in 1960 to proclaim a "missile gap" in the Soviet's favor. Rarely has public perception been so dramatically at odds with reality. In The Sputnik Challenge, Robert Divine provides a fascinating look at Eisenhower's handling of the early space race--a story of public uproar, secret U-2 flights, bungled missile tests, the first spy satellite, political maneuvering, and scientific triumph. He recreates the national hysteria over the first two Sputnik launches, illustrating the anxious handwringing that the Democrats (led by Senate Majority Leader Lyndon Johnson) aggressively played for political gain. Divine takes us to private White House meetings, showing how Eisenhower worked closely with science adviser James Killian, allowing him to take the lead in creating a civilian agency--NASA--which provided intelligent and forceful leadership for American space programs. But the President also knew from priceless intelligence from U-2 flights over the U.S.S.R. that he had little to fear from the touted missile gap, and he fought to limit the growth and multiplication of military missile programs. Eisenhower's assurance, however, rested on classified information, and he did little to instill his confidence in the public. Nor could he boast of his early support for the secret spy satellite program (which quickly replaced the U-2 plane after Gary Powers was shot down in 1960). So the public continued to worry, feeding the national movement for educational reform as well as congressional maneuvering over funding for numerous strategic projects. Eisenhower, Divine writes, possessed keen strategic vision and a sure sense of budgetary priorities, but ultimately he flunked a crucial test of leadership when he failed to reassure the frightened public that their fears were groundless. As a result, he ultimately failed in his goal to limit military spending as well--which led to a real missile gap in reverse. Incisively written and deeply researched, The Sputnik Challenge provides a briskly-paced history of the origins of NASA, the space race, and the age of the ICBM.

The Encyclopedia of the Cold War [5 volumes] [5 volumes]

Author : Spencer C. Tucker
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1851097066
Total Pages : 2229 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of the Cold War [5 volumes] [5 volumes] by : Spencer C. Tucker

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of the Cold War [5 volumes] [5 volumes] written by Spencer C. Tucker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-09-12 with total page 2229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive five-volume reference on the defining conflict of the second half of the 20th century, covering all aspects of the Cold War as it influenced events around the world. The conflict that dominated world events for nearly five decades is now captured in a multivolume work of unprecedented magnitude—from a publisher widely acclaimed for its authoritative military and historical references. Under the direction of internationally known military historian Spencer Tucker, ABC-CLIO's The Encyclopedia of the Cold War: A Political, Social, and Military History offers the most current and comprehensive treatment ever published of the ideological conflict that not so long ago enveloped the globe. From the Second World War to the collapse of the Soviet Union, The Encyclopedia of the Cold War provides authoritative information on all military conflicts, battlefield and surveillance technologies, diplomatic initiatives, important individuals and organizations, national histories, economic developments, societal and cultural events, and more. The nearly 1,300 entries, plus topical essays and an extraordinarily rich documents volume, draw heavily on recently opened Russian, Eastern European, and Chinese archives. The work is a definitive cornerstone reference on one of the most important historical topics of our time.

A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower

Author : Chester J. Pach
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470655216
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower by : Chester J. Pach

Download or read book A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower written by Chester J. Pach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to Dwight D. Eisenhower brings new depth to the historiography of this significant and complex figure, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date depiction of both the man and era. Thoughtfully incorporates new and significant literature on Dwight D. Eisenhower Thoroughly examines both the Eisenhower era and the man himself, broadening the historical scope by which Eisenhower is understood and interpreted Presents a complete picture of Eisenhower’s many roles in historical context: the individual, general, president, politician, and citizen This Companion is the ideal starting point for anyone researching America during the Eisenhower years and an invaluable guide for graduate students and advanced undergraduates in history, political science, and policy studies Meticulously edited by a leading authority on the Eisenhower presidency with chapters by international experts on political, international, social, and cultural history

Cold War Oklahoma

Author : Landry Brewer
Publisher : Arcadia Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1439666741
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Cold War Oklahoma by : Landry Brewer

Download or read book Cold War Oklahoma written by Landry Brewer and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oklahoma might seem like an unexpected place for Cold War tensions to boil over, but the state played a key role in a conflict that threatened global annihilation. Altus Air Force Base served as a hub for twelve intercontinental ballistic missile launch sites; in 1964, a missile housed at the Frederick site exploded, although the nuclear warhead remained unaffected. Ordinary citizens lived under the shadow of nuclear war as well. A former OU faculty member accused of committing espionage for the Soviet Union fled the country, while a SWOSU professor dug his own fallout shelter in Weatherfordâ€"by hand. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, an emergency siren malfunction sent terrified Elk City parents scurrying to local schools to pick up their children. Landry Brewer presents a fascinating cross-section of the era, from top-level strategy to the details of daily life.

American Political Leaders

Author : Richard L. Wilson
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1438108052
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis American Political Leaders by : Richard L. Wilson

Download or read book American Political Leaders written by Richard L. Wilson and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents profiles of major figures in American politics, from Bella Abzug through Woodrow Wilson, arranged alphabetically, by area of activity, and by year of birth.

The American Nuclear Disarmament Dilemma, 1945-1963

Author : David Tal
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815631668
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Nuclear Disarmament Dilemma, 1945-1963 by : David Tal

Download or read book The American Nuclear Disarmament Dilemma, 1945-1963 written by David Tal and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-25 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 quickly ushered in a popular and political movement toward nuclear disarmament. Across the globe, heads of state, high-ranking ministers, and bureaucrats led intense efforts to achieve effective disarmament agreements. Ultimately these efforts failed. In The American Nuclear Disarmament Dilemma, David Tal offers a detailed analysis of U.S. policy from 1945 to the summer of 1963, exploring the reasons for failure and revealing the complex motivations that eventually led to the Limited Test Ban Treaty. While previous books have focused on the policies of specific administrations, Tal’s is the first to consider negotiations as an evolving phenomenon that preoccupied three presidents, from Truman to Kennedy. Drawing on extensive archival research, the author examines the profound dilemma faced by leaders on all sides—forced by political pressure to engage in negotiations whose success they saw as injurious to national interests. Far from believing that the nuclear arms race would inevitably lead to war, the United States regarded nuclear weapons as the greatest guarantee that war would not happen.