The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400932014
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation by : A.N. Worden

Download or read book The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation written by A.N. Worden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproduction and fetal development in humans and experimental animals may be adversely affected by a wide range of drugs and environmental agents. They may be toxic in the parental generation leading to impaired germ cell formation, loss of reproductive poten tial and infertility following chronic exposure. Deviant fetal development occurs as a consequence of cellular damage at sensi tive stages in development. Changes seen range from intrauterine mortality and structural malformation to growth retardation with physiological and behavioural defects. Concepts on the mechanism of action of teratogens are discussed with reference to some better-known agents. Presently, regulatory authorities prefer whole animal studies in predictive safety evaluation of substances to which a pregnant woman may be exposed. Tests are conducted over one or more generations and are designed to study the influence of test com pounds upon general reproductive performance, fertility, fetal development and perinatal and postnatal behaviour. Experiments are designed to permit compounds to be tested under conditions resembling expected human exposure. Small rodents and rabbits are preferred species on account of their convenience as laboratory animals and the available knowledge regarding their reproductive behaviour, fetal development and known sensitivity to human teratogens.

The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400941390
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation by : D.V. Parke

Download or read book The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation written by D.V. Parke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A. N. WORDEN, D. V. PARKE AND J. MARKS THE BACKGROUND There is nothing new about the fact that chemical substances derived either from natural products or by synthetic means .. can give rise to toxicity in animals and human beings, and that they must be subjected to controls. The earliest writings speak of such toxicity and, from the times of ancient Egypt and in the Old Tes tament, controls have existed[l]. In the Middle Ages Paracelsus (1493-1541) noted that "All things are poisons, for there is nothing without poisonous qualities. It is only the dose which makes a thing a poison", and hence he stressed the importance of dose relative to toxic reactions [ 2] . Most of the early controls concentrated on substances that were to be deliberately administered to the human subject in the form of medicines. Legislation for many centuries was mainly con cerned with regulating the activities of apothecaries and physicians. The Royal College of Physicians, for example, was originally established to control the activities of physicians within London. Among the controls which it exerted was that over the use of medicinal substances. Such controls were, however, poor, based as they were on hearsay evidence of toxicity. For many centuries no means existed for the accurate determination of toxicity.

The Future of Pharmaceuticals

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000458164
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Pharmaceuticals by : Sarfaraz K. Niazi

Download or read book The Future of Pharmaceuticals written by Sarfaraz K. Niazi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before now, biological systems could only be expressed in terms of linear relationships, however, as knowledge grows and new techniques of analysis on biological systems is made available, we are realizing the non-linearity of these systems. The concepts and techniques of nonlinear analysis allow for more realistic and accurate models in science. The Future of Pharmaceuticals: A Nonlinear Analysis provides an opportunity to understand the non-linearity of biological systems and its application in various areas of science, primarily pharmaceutical sciences. This book will benefit professionals in pharmaceutical industries, academia, and policy who are interested in an entirely new approach to how we will treat disease in the future. Key Features: Addresses a new approach of nonlinear analysis. Applies a theory of projection to chalk out the future, instead of basing on linear evolution. Provides an opportunity to better understand the non-linearity in biological systems and its applications in various areas of science, primarily pharmaceutical sciences. Helps change the thought process for those looking for answers to their questions which they do not find in the linear relationship approach. Encourages a broader perspective for the creative process of drug development.

ICLAS Bulletin

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis ICLAS Bulletin by :

Download or read book ICLAS Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429560389
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence by : John McDaniel

Download or read book Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence written by John McDaniel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions. AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing.

Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Environment

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Environment by : Federation of European Chemical Societies

Download or read book Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Environment written by Federation of European Chemical Societies and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the current status of risk assessment procedures as they relate to the environment.

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Alternatives to Laboratory Animals by :

Download or read book Alternatives to Laboratory Animals written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry: Biopharmaceutics

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 786 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry: Biopharmaceutics by : Corwin Hansch

Download or read book Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry: Biopharmaceutics written by Corwin Hansch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toxicological and Immunological Aspects of Drug Metabolism and Environmental Chemicals

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological and Immunological Aspects of Drug Metabolism and Environmental Chemicals by : Ronald W. Estabrook

Download or read book Toxicological and Immunological Aspects of Drug Metabolism and Environmental Chemicals written by Ronald W. Estabrook and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lethal Laws

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Publisher : Zed Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Lethal Laws by : Alix Fano

Download or read book Lethal Laws written by Alix Fano and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 1997-05 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 150 years, industrial, agricultural and household chemicals have been tested on animals for the alleged purpose of protecting the public from their dangerous effects. Through a meticulous analysis of the technical and scientific problems that have plagued animal tests for decades, this book reveals that using animals as human surrogates is not only unethical, it is bad science.

Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment by :

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Probabilistic Safety Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biotechnologically Derived Medical Agents

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Author :
Publisher : Raven Press (ID)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biotechnologically Derived Medical Agents by : John L. Gueriguian

Download or read book Biotechnologically Derived Medical Agents written by John L. Gueriguian and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1988 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Risk, Communication and Health Psychology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk, Communication and Health Psychology by : Dianne Berry

Download or read book Risk, Communication and Health Psychology written by Dianne Berry and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... This text ... will become a reference for years to come."--"Health Expectations". This is the first book to clearly assess the increasingly important area of communication of risk in the health sector. We are moving away from the days when paternalistic doctors managed healthcare without involving patients in decision making. With the current emphasis on patient empowerment and shared decision making, patients want and need reliable, comprehensive and understandable information about their conditions and treatment. In order to make informed decisions, the people concerned must understand the risks and benefits associated with possible treatments. But the challenge for health professionals is how best to communicate this complex medical information to diverse audiences.; The book examines: risk which defines and explains how the term is used by different disciplines, how its meanings have changed over time and how the general public understand it; health communication and the effects on health behaviours; effective risk communication to individuals and the wider public; effectiveness of patient information leaflets, and strategies for improving oral and written health communications; the cognitive and emotional issues at stake for patients in understanding risk and health information; the use of new technologies in risk and health communication; and, ethical issues, and the future of risk communication. Using examples from disciplines including psychology, sociology, health, medicine, pharmacy, statistics and business and management, this book is key reading for students who need to understand the effect of risk in health psychology as well as for health professionals interested in doctor-patient communication, informed consent and patient welfare.

Cumulative Book Index

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2088 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulative Book Index by :

Download or read book Cumulative Book Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 2088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A world list of books in the English language.

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 972 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine by : Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain)

Download or read book Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine written by Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes selected papers from meetings of the Society and of its sections.

Principles of Health Care Ethics

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Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1156 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Health Care Ethics by : Raanan Gillon

Download or read book Principles of Health Care Ethics written by Raanan Gillon and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1994-01-17 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes the moral problems confronting health care practitioners from a wide variety of perspectives, especially those connected by four major ethical principles--respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice.

Food for Life

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Publisher : Harmony
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Food for Life by : Neal D. Barnard

Download or read book Food for Life written by Neal D. Barnard and published by Harmony. This book was released on 1993 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 21-day program for a smooth transition to the new four food groups, which are fully explained.