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The Fiscal Effects Of Monetary Policy
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Book Synopsis The Fiscal Effects of Monetary Policy by : Momi Dahan
Download or read book The Fiscal Effects of Monetary Policy written by Momi Dahan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a simple framework to examine the budgetary implications of monetary policy measures. It further outlines, using this framework, the various channels of influence that tight monetary policy may have on the budget deficit. The cumulative effect might be quantitatively large although each effect might be small. Most of the effects tend to increase the budget deficit as result of tight monetary policy, but tight monetary policy causes a short-run decrease in the government debt. Thus, macroeconomic policy coordination should be considered.
Book Synopsis Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, monetary authorities have increasingly focused on implementing policies to ensure price stability and strengthen central bank independence. Simultaneously, in the fiscal area, market development has allowed public debt managers to focus more on cost minimization. This “divorce” of monetary and debt management functions in no way lessens the need for effective coordination of monetary and fiscal policy if overall economic performance is to be optimized and maintained in the long term. This paper analyzes these issues based on a review of the relevant literature and of country experiences from an institutional and operational perspective.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Inequality by : Davide Furceri
Download or read book The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks on Inequality written by Davide Furceri and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-18 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides new evidence of the effect of monetary policy shocks on income inequality. Using a measure of unanticipated changes in policy rates for a panel of 32 advanced and emerging market countries over the period 1990-2013, the paper finds that contractionary (expansionary) monetary actions increase (reduce) income inequality. The effect, however, varies over time, depending on the type of the shocks (tightening versus expansionary monetary policy) and the state of the business cycle, and across countries depending on the share of labor income and redistribution policies. In particular, we find that the effect is larger for positive monetary policy shocks, especially during expansions. Looking across countries, we find that the effect is larger in countries with higher labor share of income and smaller redistribution policies. Finally, while an unexpected increase in policy rates increases inequality, changes in policy rates driven by an increase in growth are associated with lower inequality.
Book Synopsis The Effects Of The Fiscal And Monetary Policy On The Exchange Rate by : Alexander Bremann
Download or read book The Effects Of The Fiscal And Monetary Policy On The Exchange Rate written by Alexander Bremann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 2,3, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: The value of a nation’s currency and its exchange rate is a key indicator for the performance of an economy’s import and export. This assignment evaluates the different impacts of macroeconomic policies on the exchange rate, the following research also draws attention to the fact that economists have had mixed findings of the effects of macroeconomic policies on the exchange rate. The use of secondary research and the AA-DD model will further enhance the various factors that are responsible to appreciate or depreciate a currency. The results of this assignment show that; fixed and floating exchange rates, as well as the MPC score, have significant impacts on the efficiency of macroeconomic policies altering the exchange rate. Macroeconomic policies trigger disposable income, prices and interest rates within an economy, which consequently affects the foreign exchange market leading to a change in the exchange rate. Especially in the field of a floating exchange rate economy, the impacts of fiscal but also monetary policies can be shown, fixed exchange rates disable economies to use monetary policies due to the fact that these will with high certainty have an impact on the exchange rate.
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Policy by : Farrokh Langdana
Download or read book Macroeconomic Policy written by Farrokh Langdana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-05 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an applications-oriented text that demystifies the linkages between monetary and fiscal policies and key macroeconomic variables such as income, unemployment, inflation and interest rates. Specially written "newspaper" articles simulate current macroeconomic news on asset-price bubbles, exchange rates, hyperinflation and more. Exercises and diagrams, and a global perspective – incorporating both developed and emerging economies - make this a broadly useful, real-world oriented text on a complex and shifting subject.
Book Synopsis The Debt Burden and Its Consequences for Monetary Policy by : Guillermo Calvo
Download or read book The Debt Burden and Its Consequences for Monetary Policy written by Guillermo Calvo and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-02-12 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In all countries debt and deficits of the public sector are at the heart of economic policy debate. Debt and deficits pose major problems, all the more pressing in Europe because of the Maastricht criteria for entry into European Monetary Union. And in the developing world debt has been associated with major financial crises. This volume, arising from an International Economic Association conference at the Bundesbank, sees academics and policy makers debate the key issues and their implications in theory and practice.
Book Synopsis Essays in Fiscal and Monetary Policy by : Michael J. Artis
Download or read book Essays in Fiscal and Monetary Policy written by Michael J. Artis and published by Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of essays on design, measurement and effects of fiscal policy and monetary policy in the UK - using econometric models, analyses short term and long term effects in a closed economy, on an open economy under alternative exchange rates, and the assumptions concerning capital flow. Bibliography pp. 186 to 193, graphs, references and statistical tables.
Book Synopsis Distributional Effects of Monetary Policy by : Valentina Bonifacio
Download or read book Distributional Effects of Monetary Policy written by Valentina Bonifacio and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As central banks across the globe have responded to the COVID-19 shock by rounds of extensive monetary loosening, concerns about their inequality impact have grown. But rising inequality has multiple causes and its relationship with monetary policy is complex. This paper highlights the channels through which monetary policy easing affect income and wealth distribution, and presents some quantitative findings about their importance. Key takeaways are: (i) central banks should remain focused on macro stability while continuing to improve public communications about distributional effects of monetary policy, and (ii) supportive fiscal policies and structural reforms can improve macroeconomic and distributional outcomes.
Book Synopsis The New Monetary Policy by : Philip Arestis
Download or read book The New Monetary Policy written by Philip Arestis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . this book provides a useful overview of the challenges facing the IT policy framework, both by pointing to the limitations of the underlying theory and, more importantly, by outlining the importance of a transparent policy framework for anchoring expectations. . . the book should be of interest to all central bankers and students of monetary policy. Colin Rogers, Economic Record Recent developments in macroeconomic and monetary thinking have given a new impetus to the management of the economy. The use of monetary policy by way of manipulating the rate of interest to affect inflation is now well accepted by both academic economists and central bank practitioners. Beginning with an assessment of new thinking in macroeconomics and monetary theory, this book suggests that many countries have adopted the New Consensus Monetary Policy since the early 1990s in an attempt to reduce inflation to low levels. It goes on to illustrate that the explicit control of the money supply, which was fashionable in the 1970s and 1980s in the UK, US, Europe and elsewhere, was abandoned in favour of monetary rules that focus on interest rate manipulation by the central bank. The objective of these rules is to achieve specific, or a range of, inflation targets. Bringing together a distinguished cast of international contributors, this book presents a collection of papers, which discuss the following issues amongst others: the stability of the macroeconomic equilibrium monetary policy divergences in the Euro area stock market prices the US post- new economy bubble the information economy inflation targeting. This useful analysis of New Consensus Monetary Policy will be of great interest to financial economists and international monetary economists, as well as students and scholars of macroeconomics and finance.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis by : Alberto Alesina
Download or read book Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis written by Alberto Alesina and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent recession has brought fiscal policy back to the forefront, with economists and policy makers struggling to reach a consensus on highly political issues like tax rates and government spending. At the heart of the debate are fiscal multipliers, whose size and sensitivity determine the power of such policies to influence economic growth. Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis focuses on the effects of fiscal stimuli and increased government spending, with contributions that consider the measurement of the multiplier effect and its size. In the face of uncertainty over the sustainability of recent economic policies, further contributions to this volume discuss the merits of alternate means of debt reduction through decreased government spending or increased taxes. A final section examines how the short-term political forces driving fiscal policy might be balanced with aspects of the long-term planning governing monetary policy. A direct intervention in timely debates, Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis offers invaluable insights about various responses to the recent financial crisis.
Book Synopsis The Macroeconomics of Fiscal Policy by : Richard W. Kopcke
Download or read book The Macroeconomics of Fiscal Policy written by Richard W. Kopcke and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading academics and former policy makers assess the effectiveness of postwar American fiscal policy as questions about the role of fiscal policy once again come to the forefront of economic research and debate. The United States's post-World War II emphasis on activist fiscal policy for short-term economic stabilization was called into question in the 1960s, and by the late 1980s was superseded by the view that fiscal policy should focus on long-run structural concerns. For the past two decades both public policy and economic research emphasized monetary policy as a stabilization tool. But there remain issues in American macroeconomic policy having to do with budget deficits, present and projected, as well as a recent revival of interest in fiscal policy as a stabilization tool. Overall, the academic pendulum is swinging back towards a renewed consideration of fiscal policy. This volume brings together leading researchers and policy makers to assess the effectiveness and consequences of fiscal policy. Drawing on postwar policy experience and recent economic research, this book offers a state-of-the-art consideration of where fiscal policy stands today. Contributors address both the appropriateness of fiscal policy as a tool for short-run macroeconomic stabilization and the longer-term impact of fiscal decisions and economic policy. Topics covered include the legacy of the Reagan administration's tax cuts; whether public policy has encouraged such behavior as "overconsumption," which may foster persistent budget and trade deficits; and, in light of recent experience, how and when fiscal policy might be appropriate as a short-term stabilization tool. Contributors Alan J. Auerbach, Susanto Basu, Olivier J. Blanchard, Alan S. Blinder, Barry P. Bosworth, W. Elliott Brownlee, William H. Buiter, Jonathan Coppel, Jean-Philippe Cotis, Luiz de Mello, James S. Duesenberry, Douglas W. Elmendorf, Eric Engen, Jeffrey A. Frankel, Benjamin M. Friedman, Richard W. Kopcke, Catherine L. Mann, Van Doorn Ooms, Rudolph G. Penner, Alice M. Rivlin, Christopher A. Sims, C. Eugene Steuerle, Geoffrey M.B. Tootell, Robert K. Triest, Edwin M. Truman
Book Synopsis Why Fiscal Stimulus Programs Fail, Volume 2 by : John J. Heim
Download or read book Why Fiscal Stimulus Programs Fail, Volume 2 written by John J. Heim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-13 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book scientifically tests the assertion that accommodative monetary policy can eliminate the “crowd out” problem, allowing fiscal stimulus programs (such as tax cuts or increased government spending) to stimulate the economy as intended. It also tests to see if natural growth in th economy can cure the crowd out problem as well or better. The book is intended to be the largest scale scientific test ever performed on this topic. It includes about 800 separate statistical tests on the U.S. economy testing different parts or all of the period 1960 – 2010. These tests focus on whether accommodative monetary policy, which increases the pool of loanable resources, can offset the crowd out problem as well as natural growth in the economy. The book, employing the best scientific methods available to economists for this type of problem, concludes accommodate monetary policy could have, but until the quantitative easing program, Federal Reserve efforts to accommodate fiscal stimulus programs were not large enough to offset more than 23% to 44% of any one year’s crowd out problem. That provides the science part of the answer as to why accommodative monetary policy didn’t accommodate: too little of it was tried. The book also tests whether other increases in loanable funds, occurring because of natural growth in the economy or changes in the savings rate can also offset crowd out. It concludes they can, and that these changes tend to be several times as effective as accommodative monetary policy. This book’s companion volume Why Fiscal Stimulus Programs Fail explores the policy implications of these results.
Book Synopsis The Implications of Fiscal Conditions and Growing Internationalization for Monetary Policies and Financial Market Conditions by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book The Implications of Fiscal Conditions and Growing Internationalization for Monetary Policies and Financial Market Conditions written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-06-29 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper argues that the endogenous behavior of monetary authorities provides an important channel through which fiscal policy influences financial variables, and that growing internationalization has increased the sensitivity of financial conditions to fiscal policy. The core of the argument is that fiscal policy influences exchange rates, particularly to the extent that it affects the expected after-tax returns on capital located in different countries, and that the sensitivity of exchange rates to fiscal policy increases with growing internationalization. In addition, financial conditions reflect the actual and expected responses of the monetary authorities to exchange rates.
Book Synopsis Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on U.S. Agriculture by :
Download or read book Effects of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on U.S. Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Spending Effects in a Policy Constrained Environment by : Ruoyun Mao
Download or read book Government Spending Effects in a Policy Constrained Environment written by Ruoyun Mao and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theoretical literature generally finds that government spending multipliers are bigger than unity in a low interest rate environment. Using a fully nonlinear New Keynesian model, we show that such big multipliers can decrease when 1) an initial debt-to-GDP ratio is higher, 2) tax burden is higher, 3) debt maturity is longer, and 4) monetary policy is more responsive to inflation. When monetary and fiscal policy regimes can switch, policy uncertainty also reduces spending multipliers. In particular, when higher inflation induces a rising probability to switch to a regime in which monetary policy actively controls inflation and fiscal policy raises future taxes to stabilize government debt, the multipliers can fall much below unity, especially with an initial high debt ratio. Our findings help reconcile the mixed empirical evidence on government spending effects with low interest rates.
Book Synopsis The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions by : Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Download or read book The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions written by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.
Book Synopsis Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.
