The Factors Affecting the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)

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Book Synopsis The Factors Affecting the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility by : Alexandra MacPherson

Download or read book The Factors Affecting the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility written by Alexandra MacPherson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Older listeners often report difficulties understanding speech in noisy environments. Increasing the level of the speech relative to the background - e.g. by way of a hearing aid - usually leads to an increase in intelligibility. The amount of perceptual benefit that can be gained from a given improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), however, is not fixed: it instead depends entirely on the slope of the psychometric function. The shallower the slope, the less benefit the listener will receive. The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to better understand the factors which lead to shallow slopes. A systematic survey of published psychometric functions considered the factors which affect slope. Speech maskers, modulated-noise maskers, and target/masker confusability were all found to contribute to shallow slopes. Experiment 1 examined the role of target/masker confusion by manipulating masker intelligibility. Intelligible maskers were found to give shallower slopes than unintelligible ones but subsequent acoustic analysis demonstrated that modulation differences between the maskers were responsible for this effect. This was supported by the fact that the effect was seen at low SNRs. Experiment 2 confirmed that the effects of modulation and target/masker confusion occur at different SNRs. Experiments 3 and 4 demonstrated that directing attention to the target speech could "undo" the effects of target/masker confusion. In Experiments 5 and 6 a new method was developed to study whether slope effects are relevant to "real-world" situations. The results suggested that using continuous speech targets gave shallower slopes than standard speech-in-noise tests. There was little evidence found to suggest that shallow slopes are exacerbated for older or hearing-impaired listeners. It is concluded that in the complex demands of everyday listening environments the perceptual benefit received from a given gain in SNR may be considerably less than would be predicted by standard speech-in-noise paradigms.

The Factors Affectng the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility

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Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis The Factors Affectng the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility by : Alexandra MacPherson

Download or read book The Factors Affectng the Psychometric Function for Speech Intelligibility written by Alexandra MacPherson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Psychometric Functions of Clear and Conversational Speech for Young Normal Hearing Listeners in Noise

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychometric Functions of Clear and Conversational Speech for Young Normal Hearing Listeners in Noise by : Jane Smart

Download or read book Psychometric Functions of Clear and Conversational Speech for Young Normal Hearing Listeners in Noise written by Jane Smart and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Clear speech is a form of communication that talkers naturally use when speaking in difficult listening conditions or with a person who has a hearing loss. Clear speech, on average, provides listeners with hearing impairments an intelligibility benefit of 17 percentage points (Picheny, Durlach, & Braida, 1985) over conversational speech. In addition, it provides increased intelligibility in various listening conditions (Krause & Braida, 2003, among others), with different stimuli (Bradlow & Bent, 2002; Gagne, Rochette, & Charest, 2002; Helfer, 1997, among others) and across listener populations (Bradlow, Kraus, & Hayes, 2003, among others). Recently, researchers have attempted to compare their findings with clear and conversational speech, at slow and normal rates, with results from other investigators' studies in an effort to determine the relative benefits of clear speech across populations and environments. However, relative intelligibility benefits are difficult to determine unless baseline performance levels can be equated, suggesting that listener psychometric functions with clear speech are needed. The purpose of this study was to determine how speech intelligibility, as measured by percentage key words correct in nonsense sentences by young adults, varies with changes in speaking condition, talker and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Forty young, normal hearing adults were presented with grammatically correct nonsense sentences at five SNRs. Each listener heard a total of 800 sentences in four speaking conditions: clear and conversational styles, at slow and normal rates (i.e., clear/slow, clear/normal, conversational/slow, and conversational/normal). Overall results indicate clear/slow and conversational/slow were the most intelligible conditions, followed by clear/normal and then conversational/normal conditions. Moreover, the average intelligibility benefit for clear/slow, clear/normal and conversational/slow conditions (relative to conversational/normal) was maintained across an SNR range of -4 to 0 dB in the middle, or linear, portion of the psychometric function. However, when results are examined by talker, differences are observed in the benefit provided by each condition and in how the benefit varies across noise levels. In order to counteract talker variability, research with a larger number of talkers is recommended for future studies.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America by : Acoustical Society of America

Download or read book The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America written by Acoustical Society of America and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Factors Affecting Message Intelligibility of Cued Speech Transliterators

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Factors Affecting Message Intelligibility of Cued Speech Transliterators by : Katherine Pelley

Download or read book Factors Affecting Message Intelligibility of Cued Speech Transliterators written by Katherine Pelley and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: While a majority of deaf students mainstreamed in public schools rely on interpreters, little research has investigated interpreter skills and no research to date has focused on interpreter intelligibility (Kluwin & Stewart, 2001). This thesis is the second in a series of experiments designed to quantify the contribution of various factors affecting the intelligibility of interpreters (transliterators) who use English-based communication modes. In the first experiment, 12 Cued Speech transliterators were asked to transliterate an audio lecture. Two aspects of these transliterated performances were then analyzed: 1) accuracy, as measured as the percent-correct cues produced, and 2) lag time, the average delay between lecture and transliterated message. For this thesis, eight expert receivers of Cued Speech were presented with visual stimuli from the transliterated messages and asked to transcribe the stimuli. Intelligibility was measured as the percentage of words correctly received. Results show a positive nonlinear relationship exits between transliterator accuracy and message intelligibility. Intelligibility improved with accuracy at the same rate for both novice and veteran transliterators, but receiver task difficulty was less for stimuli produced by veterans than novices (as evidenced by a left shift in the psychometric function for veterans compared to novices). No large effects of lag time were found in the accuracy-intelligibility relationship, but an "optimal lag time" range was noted from 1 to 1.5 seconds, for which intelligibility scores were higher overall. Intelligibility scores were generally higher than accuracy, but not all transliterators followed the same accuracy-intelligibility pattern due to other sources of variability. Possible sources of transliterator variability included rate of cueing, visible speech clarity, facial expression, timing (to show syllable stress or word emphasis), cueing mechanics, and mouth-cue synchronization. Further research is needed to determine the impact these factors have on intelligibility so that future transliterator training and certification can focus on all factors necessary to ensure highly intelligible Cued Speech transliterators.

Children Listen: Psychological and Linguistic Aspects of Listening Difficulties During Development

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889662187
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Children Listen: Psychological and Linguistic Aspects of Listening Difficulties During Development by : Mary Rudner

Download or read book Children Listen: Psychological and Linguistic Aspects of Listening Difficulties During Development written by Mary Rudner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Speech and Language Editor’s Pick 2021

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288971148X
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech and Language Editor’s Pick 2021 by : Arthur M. Jacobs

Download or read book Speech and Language Editor’s Pick 2021 written by Arthur M. Jacobs and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Factors Influencing the Prediction of Speech Intelligibility

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Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)

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Book Synopsis Factors Influencing the Prediction of Speech Intelligibility by : Sarah Yoho Leopold

Download or read book Factors Influencing the Prediction of Speech Intelligibility written by Sarah Yoho Leopold and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three manuscripts presented here examine the relative importance of various `critical bands’ of speech, as well as their susceptibility to the corrupting influence of background noise. In the first manuscript, band-importance functions derived using a novel technique are compared to the standard functions given by the Speech Intelligibility Index (ANSI, 1997). The functions derived with the novel technique show a complex 'microstructure' not present in previous functions, possibly indicating an increased accuracy of the new method. In the second manuscript, this same technique is used to examine the effects of individual talkers and types of speech material on the shape of the band-importance functions. Results indicate a strong effect of speech material, but a smaller effect of talker. In addition, the use of ten talkers of different genders appears to greatly diminish any effect of individual talker. In the third manuscript, the susceptibility to noise of individual critical bands of speech was determined by systematically varying the signal-to-noise ratio in each band. The signal-to-noise ratio that resulted in a criterion decrement in intelligibility for each band was determined. Results from this study indicate that noise susceptibility is not equal across bands, as has been assumed. Further, noise susceptibility appears to be independent of the relative importance of each band. Implications for future applications of these data are discussed.

Decision Factors in Multitone Detection and Discrimination by Listeners with Normal and Impaired Hearing

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Factors in Multitone Detection and Discrimination by Listeners with Normal and Impaired Hearing by : Joshua M. Alexander

Download or read book Decision Factors in Multitone Detection and Discrimination by Listeners with Normal and Impaired Hearing written by Joshua M. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Outcome Measures to Assess the Benefit of Interventions for Adults with Hearing Loss: From Research to Clinical Application

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832501044
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Outcome Measures to Assess the Benefit of Interventions for Adults with Hearing Loss: From Research to Clinical Application by : Isabelle Boisvert

Download or read book Outcome Measures to Assess the Benefit of Interventions for Adults with Hearing Loss: From Research to Clinical Application written by Isabelle Boisvert and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Introduction to Sound

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Publisher : Plural Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1635504864
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (355 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Sound by : Charles E. Speaks

Download or read book Introduction to Sound written by Charles E. Speaks and published by Plural Publishing. This book was released on with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an exciting new chapter on several aspects of speech acoustics by Raymond D. Kent, PhD! With a new chapter, the classic textbook, Introduction to Sound: Acoustics for the Hearing and Speech Sciences, is back in a fifth edition and continues its aim to teach fundamental concepts of acoustics to students in communication sciences and disorders and related disciplines. Students of speech-language-hearing science must have a thorough understanding of the elements of acoustics before they can successfully embark on more advanced study of both normal and disordered human communication. The text is known for how acoustical concepts have been made understandable for all students, not just those who are already grounded in mathematics and physics. Coverage includes the nature of sound waves, simple harmonic motion, acoustic impedance, scales of measure, logarithms and antilogarithms, sound intensity and pressure, complex waves, resonance and filtering, distortion, sound transmissions, speech acoustics, and room acoustics. Key Features: * Summaries, Notes, and Practice Problems end each chapter * Bolded key terms throughout with end-of-book glossary * Alphabetical listing of selected equations * The numerous equations are displayed in blue for easier reading New to the Fifth Edition: * A new chapter, Basic Principles of Speech Acoustics, written by Raymond D. Kent, PhD * A special emphasis on editing the content throughout for increased readability and comprehension Please note: Ancillary content such as practice problems and acoustic animations are not included as in the original print version of this work.

Human Information Processing in Speech Quality Assessment

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303071389X
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Information Processing in Speech Quality Assessment by : Stefan Uhrig

Download or read book Human Information Processing in Speech Quality Assessment written by Stefan Uhrig and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a new multi-method, process-oriented approach towards speech quality assessment, which allows readers to examine the influence of speech transmission quality on a variety of perceptual and cognitive processes in human listeners. Fundamental concepts and methodologies surrounding the topic of process-oriented quality assessment are introduced and discussed. The book further describes a functional process model of human quality perception, which theoretically integrates results obtained in three experimental studies. This book’s conceptual ideas, empirical findings, and theoretical interpretations should be of particular interest to researchers working in the fields of Quality and Usability Engineering, Audio Engineering, Psychoacoustics, Audiology, and Psychophysiology.

The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128155450
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment by : Jos J. Eggermont

Download or read book The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment written by Jos J. Eggermont and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment provides an overview of the interaction between age-related hearing impairments and cognitive brain function. This monograph elucidates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies based on electrophysiological methods. Discussions of the manifestations of age-related hearing impairment, the causes of degradation of sound processing, compensatory changes in the human brain, and rehabilitation and intervention are included. There is currently a surge in content on aging and hearing loss, the benefits of hearing aids and implants, and the correlation between hearing loss, cognitive decline and early onset of dementia. Given the changing demographics, treatment of age-related hearing impairment need not just be bottom-up (i.e., by amplification and/or cochlear implantation), but also top-down by addressing the impact of the changing brain on communication. The role of age-related capacity for audio-visual integration and its role in assisting treatment have only recently been investigated, thus this area needs more attention. Relates the techniques used in the connectome and other brain-network studies to the human auditory-cortex and age-related hearing loss research findings Examines the side effects of age-related hearing impairment and their impact on the quality of life for the elderly Evaluates the importance of multi-modal means in the rehabilitation of the elderly with hearing aids and cochlear implants Discusses the role of neurostimulation and various training procedures to halt, or potentially reverse, cognitive decline in the elderly

Fuzzy boundaries: Ambiguity in speech production and comprehension

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832521029
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuzzy boundaries: Ambiguity in speech production and comprehension by : Christopher Carignan

Download or read book Fuzzy boundaries: Ambiguity in speech production and comprehension written by Christopher Carignan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-20 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Factors Affecting Speech Intelligibility Improvement with Exposure to Reverberant Room Listening Environments

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis Factors Affecting Speech Intelligibility Improvement with Exposure to Reverberant Room Listening Environments by : Eugene Brandewie

Download or read book Factors Affecting Speech Intelligibility Improvement with Exposure to Reverberant Room Listening Environments written by Eugene Brandewie and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech intelligibility has been found to improve with prior exposure to a reverberant room environment. It is believed that perceptual mechanisms help maintain accurate speech perception under these adverse conditions. Potential factors underlying this speech enhancement effect were examined in three experiments. Experiment 1 studied the time course of speech intelligibility enhancement in multiple room environments. Carrier phrases of varying lengths were used to measure changes in speech intelligibility over time. Results showed an effect of speech enhancement with a time course that varied with the signal-to-noise ratio between the speech and a broad-band noise masker. Additionally, greater speech enhancement was found for reverberant environments compared to anechoic space, which suggests that a de-reverberation mechanism in the auditory system may enhance the temporal processing of speech. Experiment 2 examined the influence of the specific source and listener position within the room environment on speech enhancement. Source and listener configurations in three virtual room environments were altered to create a disparity between the position of a carrier phrase and a following speech target. Results showed robust effects of speech enhancement when the source and listener configuration were mismatched which suggests that speech enhancement relies on the general decay pattern of the room environment and not the specific temporal/spatial configuration of early reflections. Experiment 3 assessed the relationships between room-associated speech enhancement and single-reflection echo suppression by measuring echo thresholds for both a traditional click-based stimuli and with speech materials. Echo thresholds were found to be uncorrelated with the results of Experiment I. This suggests that early reflections have little impact on the de-reverberation aspect of speech enhancement, which is consistent with the results from Experiment II. A two-process hypothesis is proposed to account for the results of these experiments as well as previous research on this topic. Prior exposure to a speech pattern provided via carrier phrases is argued to elicit improved temporal processing of speech that results in speech enhancement. It is also argued that a process of de-reverberation effectively reduces the attenuation of temporal information in room environments.

Speech Intelligibility and Speaker Recognition

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Intelligibility and Speaker Recognition by : Mones E. Hawley

Download or read book Speech Intelligibility and Speaker Recognition written by Mones E. Hawley and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Analysis of Selected Factors of Articulation Affecting the Intelligibility of Speech

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis An Analysis of Selected Factors of Articulation Affecting the Intelligibility of Speech by : Bernadette Mary Magnani

Download or read book An Analysis of Selected Factors of Articulation Affecting the Intelligibility of Speech written by Bernadette Mary Magnani and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: