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The Effects Of Explosives On The Physical Properties Of Snow
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Book Synopsis The Effects of Explosives on the Physical Properties of Snow by : Robyn Elaine Wooldridge
Download or read book The Effects of Explosives on the Physical Properties of Snow written by Robyn Elaine Wooldridge and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explosives are a critically important component of avalanche control programs. They are used to both initiate avalanches and to test snowpack instability by ski areas, highway departments and other avalanche programs around the world. Current understanding of the effects of explosives on snow is mainly limited to shock wave behavior demonstrated through stress wave velocities, pressures and attenuation. This study seeks to enhance current knowledge of how explosives physically alter snow by providing data from field-based observations and analyses that quantify the effect of explosives on snow density, snow hardness and snow stability test results. Density, hardness and stability test results were evaluated both before and after the application of 0.9 kg cast pentolite boosters as surface and air blasts. Changes in these properties were evaluated at specified distances up to 5.5 meters (m) from the blast center for surface blasts and up to 4 m from the blast center for air blasts. A density gauge, hand hardness, a ram penetrometer, Compression Tests (CTs), and Extended Column Tests (ECTs) were used. In addition to the field based observations, the measurement error of the density gauge was established in laboratory tests. Results from surface blasts did not provide conclusive data. Air blasts yielded statistically significant density increases out to a distance of 1.5 m from the blast center and down to a depth of 50 centimeters (cm). Statistically significant density increases were also observed at the surface (down to 20 cm) out to a distance of 4 m. Hardness data showed little to no measurable change. Results from CTs showed a statistically significant decrease in the number of taps needed for column failure 4 m from the blast center in the post-explosive tests. A smaller data set of ECT results showed no overall change in ECT score. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the physical changes in snow following explosives, which may lead to more effective and efficient avalanche risk mitigation.
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Book Synopsis Effects of Explosives on Snow by : Alfred Fuchs
Download or read book Effects of Explosives on Snow written by Alfred Fuchs and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis USA CRREL Technical Publications by : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book USA CRREL Technical Publications written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis CRREL Technical Publications, 1950-1975 by : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book CRREL Technical Publications, 1950-1975 written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Explosives on Snow by : Alfred Fuchs
Download or read book Effects of Explosives on Snow written by Alfred Fuchs and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Physical Properties of Ice from the TUTO Tunnel and Ramp, Thule, Greenland by : Theodore R. Butkovich
Download or read book Some Physical Properties of Ice from the TUTO Tunnel and Ramp, Thule, Greenland written by Theodore R. Butkovich and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Book Synopsis Special Report - Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory by : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
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Book Synopsis Some Effects of High Explosives on Snow by : Edward R. LaChapelle
Download or read book Some Effects of High Explosives on Snow written by Edward R. LaChapelle and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Book Synopsis Bibliography on Snow, Ice and Permafrost, with Abstracts by :
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Book Synopsis Development and Implementation of Surface Traverse Capabilities in Antarctica by :
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Book Synopsis A Study of the Effects of Snow Cover on High Explosive Blast Parameters by : Denver Research Institute
Download or read book A Study of the Effects of Snow Cover on High Explosive Blast Parameters written by Denver Research Institute and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: