The Effects Of A Self Management Prevention Program On Risk Reductive Attitudes And High Risk Sexual Behavior

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The Effects of a Self-management Prevention Program on Risk-reductive Attitudes and High-risk Sexual Behavior

Author : Shannon L. Duncan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of a Self-management Prevention Program on Risk-reductive Attitudes and High-risk Sexual Behavior by : Shannon L. Duncan

Download or read book The Effects of a Self-management Prevention Program on Risk-reductive Attitudes and High-risk Sexual Behavior written by Shannon L. Duncan and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The HIV-AIDS pandemic demands a pre-emptive approach in preventing the spread of HIV. Self-management is an intervention that could potentially meet this challenge. A peer-led program bestows certain advantages over professional-led programs, thus, the present program used peers to implement the intervention. Moreover, a preventative program requires that the participant implement and be able to modify the intervention, therefore, self-management principles accompanied with skill-based activities. The program was tested using a pre-post quasi-experimental design with repeated measure. The intervention resulted in statistically significant pre-post differences on several subscales of the Condom Attitude Scale (Sacco, Levine, Reed, & Thompson, 1991). Further analysis indicated a differential impact of the program on attitudes toward condoms depending on whether one was sexually experienced or not. Most importantly, the self-management program resulted in a significant increase in pre-post condom use and other risk-reductive behaviors, and a significant decrease in high-risk vaginal sex and overall sexual activity. Directions for future research are discussed"--Document.

Theoretically Motivated Curricula for Reducing Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescence

Author : Britain Ashley Mills
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretically Motivated Curricula for Reducing Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescence by : Britain Ashley Mills

Download or read book Theoretically Motivated Curricula for Reducing Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescence written by Britain Ashley Mills and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent theoretical developments in our understanding of developmental trends in adolescent memory, judgment, and decision-making suggest ways in which existing risk reduction programs for adolescents can be improved. Using fuzzy-trace theory, these developments were applied to a validated and evidence-based program, Reducing the Risk (RTR) in a randomized controlled trial. Following a baseline assessment, 734 participants aged 14-19 were randomly assigned to one of three 16 hour interventions - RTR, a modified RTR program (RTR+), or a control condition about improving communication skills. Upon completing the intervention, participants completed a post-survey and were then followed up at three, six, and 12 months later. Primary outcome measures included sexual behavior (initiation, number of partners) and prophylactic behavior (e.g., condom use at last sexual encounter and number of unprotected sexual partners). Discrete time survival analysis revealed that participants assigned to RTR+ were significantly less likely to initiate sexual activity one year after the intervention was administered, and random effects models suggested that RTR+ also decreased the sexual partners across all time points. In addition, RTR+ had significant positive effects on measures of knowledge, intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, self efficacy, perceived behavioral control, as well as on several measures of risk perception suggested by the study's theoretical framework. Among 23 domains of outcome variables assessed, positive effects of either curriculum were found in 18 domains. Positive effects of RTR+ were found in 16 domains, and positive effects of RTR were found in 12. RTR+ outperformed RTR in 9 of 18 domains (including sexual behavior), and RTR outperformed RTR+ in two domains. The results demonstrate that simple, theory-driven manipulations can be used to improve upon existing evidence-based programs for reducing adolescent sexual risk taking.

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309683951
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (839 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexually Transmitted Infections by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Infections written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.

Handbook of HIV Prevention

Author : John L. Peterson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461541379
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of HIV Prevention by : John L. Peterson

Download or read book Handbook of HIV Prevention written by John L. Peterson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the theories, methods and approaches for reducing HIV-associated risk behaviors. It represents the first single source of information about HIV prevention research in developed and developing countries. It will be an important resource for students, researchers and clinicians in the field.

Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa by : National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

Download or read book Preventing and Mitigating AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa written by National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Data and Research Priorities for Arresting AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa continues to affect all facets of life throughout the subcontinent. Deaths related to AIDS have driven down the life expectancy rate of residents in Zambia, Kenya, and Uganda with far-reaching implications. This book details the current state of the AIDS epidemic in Africa and what is known about the behaviors that contribute to the transmission of the HIV infection. It lays out what research is needed and what is necessary to design more effective prevention programs.

Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309439124
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Social Referencing and the Social Construction of Reality in Infancy

Author : S. Feinman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489924620
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Referencing and the Social Construction of Reality in Infancy by : S. Feinman

Download or read book Social Referencing and the Social Construction of Reality in Infancy written by S. Feinman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating the perspectives of a number of disciplines, this work examines social referencing in infants within the broader contexts of cognition, social relations, and human society as a whole.

Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :

Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Behavioral Interventions for Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Author : Sevgi O. Aral
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387857680
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Interventions for Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases by : Sevgi O. Aral

Download or read book Behavioral Interventions for Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases written by Sevgi O. Aral and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before AIDS, the role of behavioral interventions in preventing transmission of sexually transmitted diseases was acknowledged in text books and journals but rarely promoted effectively in public health practice. This book addresses the complexities and social contexts of human behaviors which spread STDs, the cultural barriers to STD education, and the sociopolitical nuances surrounding treatment.

Cumulated Index Medicus

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1488 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Health Economics

Author :
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0123756790
Total Pages : 1663 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Health Economics by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Health Economics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 1663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Health Economics offers students, researchers and policymakers objective and detailed empirical analysis and clear reviews of current theories and polices. It helps practitioners such as health care managers and planners by providing accessible overviews into the broad field of health economics, including the economics of designing health service finance and delivery and the economics of public and population health. This encyclopedia provides an organized overview of this diverse field, providing one trusted source for up-to-date research and analysis of this highly charged and fast-moving subject area. Features research-driven articles that are objective, better-crafted, and more detailed than is currently available in journals and handbooks Combines insights and scholarship across the breadth of health economics, where theory and empirical work increasingly come from non-economists Provides overviews of key policies, theories and programs in easy-to-understand language

AIDS Bibliography

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis AIDS Bibliography by :

Download or read book AIDS Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-04 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Resources in Education

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 688 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Resources in Education by :

Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Preventing HIV Transmission

Author : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309176212
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Transmission by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Preventing HIV Transmission written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.

Research Awards Index

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Awards Index by :

Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sociological Abstracts

Author : Leo P. Chall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Sociological Abstracts by : Leo P. Chall

Download or read book Sociological Abstracts written by Leo P. Chall and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.

The Hidden Epidemic

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309054958
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hidden Epidemic by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Hidden Epidemic written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-04-28 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexualityâ€"the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs.