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Author : Bianca Klettke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (272 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Expert Testimony on Jury Decision Making written by Bianca Klettke and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Shirley Joseph
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Examining the Impact of Expert Testimony and Judicial Instructions on Juror Decision- Making written by Shirley Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faulty eyewitness identification has contributed to the majority of exonerations due to wrongful convictions (Yarmey, 2001). Safeguards such as eyewitness testimony and judicial instructions were designed to aid jurors in evaluating this type of evidence (Cutler, Dexter & Penrod, 1989; Greene, 1988; Wells & Olson, 2003). The aim of the present study was to test whether expert eyewitness testimony and judicial instructions improve juror decision-making. Community members and undergraduate students watched a videotape of a rape trial, which varied in the quality of the eyewitness identification as well as the type of safeguard presented. System variables (feedback, lineup instructions, and lineup procedure) were manipulated where participants heard about either good or poor police practices. Additionally, participants were randomly placed in the expert, Henderson instructions or control conditions. Good police practices increased witness ratings in terms of credibility of the eyewitness, detective and defendant. It also increased the odds for a conviction. Henderson instructions did not influence jurors' verdicts.
Author : William B. Exley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (828 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Expert Testimony Regarding Secondary Confession on Jury Decision Making and Perceptions written by William B. Exley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James D. Griffith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Repressed Memories written by James D. Griffith and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Brian H. Bornstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190201363
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book The Jury Under Fire written by Brian H. Bornstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-23 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the jury is often referred to as one of the bulwarks of the American justice system, it regularly comes under attack. Recent changes to trial procedures, such as reducing jury size, allowing non-unanimous verdicts, and rewriting jury instructions in plain English, were designed to promote greater efficiency and adherence to the law. Other changes, such as capping damages and replacing jurors with judges as arbiters in complex trials, seem designed to restrict the role of laypeople in trial outcomes. Whether these innovations are implemented to facilitate the administration of justice or due to the belief that juries have excessive power and make irrational decisions, they raise a host of questions about their effects on juries' judgments and about justice. Policymakers sometimes make incorrect assumptions about jury behavior, with the result that some reform efforts have had surprising and unintended consequences. The Jury Under Fire reviews a number of controversial beliefs about juries as well as the implications of these views for jury reform. It reviews up-to-date research on both criminal and civil juries that uses a variety of research methodologies: simulations, archival analyses, field studies, and juror interviews. Each chapter focuses on a mistaken assumption or myth about jurors or juries, critiques these myths, and then uses social science research findings to suggest appropriate reforms. Chapters discuss the experience of serving as a juror; jury selection and jury size; and the impact of evidence from eyewitnesses, experts, confessions, and juvenile offenders. The book also covers the process of deciding damages and punishment and the role of emotions in jurors' decision making, and it compares jurors' and judges' decisions. Finally, it reviews a broad range of efforts to reform the jury, including the most promising reforms that have a solid backing in research. Featuring highly visible trials to illustrate key points, The Jury Under Fire will interest researchers in psychology and the law, practicing attorneys, and policymakers, as well as students and trainees in these areas.
Author : Elizabeth Lorentzen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Effects of Expert Testimony about Eyewitness Identifications on the Sensitivity of Jury Decision-making written by Elizabeth Lorentzen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dennis J. Devine
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814725228
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)
Download or read book Jury Decision Making written by Dennis J. Devine and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While jury decision making has received considerable attention from social scientists, there have been few efforts to systematically pull together all the pieces of this research. In Jury Decision Making, Dennis J. Devine examines over 50 years of research on juries and offers a "big picture" overview of the field. The volume summarizes existing theories of jury decision making and identifies what we have learned about jury behavior, including the effects of specific courtroom practices, the nature of the trial, the characteristics of the participants, and the evidence itself. Making use of those foundations, Devine offers a new integrated theory of jury decision making that addresses both individual jurors and juries as a whole and discusses its ramifications for the courts. Providing a unique combination of broad scope, extensive coverage of the empirical research conducted over the last half century, and theory advancement, this accessible and engaging volume offers "one-stop shopping" for scholars, students, legal professionals, and those who simply wish to better understand how well the jury system works.
Author : Caroline Richards Titcomb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (823 download)
Download or read book First Impressions from the Jury Box written by Caroline Richards Titcomb and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study examined the influence that a juror's first impressions of an expert witness might have on two outcomes: judgments of the witness' credibility, and verdict decisions in a criminal case involving a Not Guilty by Insanity (NGRI) defense. This was the first study to use "thin slice" methodology to manipulate time exposed to expert testimony and assess reliability of witness credibility ratings over time. This study also examined the degree to which these impressions influence the relationship between juror opinions and jury decision-making. A 2 (non-deliberating vs. deliberating jury) X 3 (observing 30 seconds, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes of expert witness testimony) between subjects design was implemented. Participants (N = 188, 30 mock juries) viewed a videotaped presentation of testimony from an actor portraying a forensic mental health professional called on by the defense. Mock juror characteristics, responses to a thought listing measure, and transcriptions from the videotaped jury deliberations were coded for exploratory analysis. Primary results, obtained via Hierarchical Linear Mixed Modeling to account for the random effect of group, were supported by jury-level analysis. Despite support for the accuracy of "thin slice" judgments in the literature, results found that jurors in the 30 second condition judged the expert as significantly less credible in this study. Results did not support the anticipated leniency shift in juries post-deliberation, and instead, yielded a significant two-way interaction on verdict for the 30 second group, such that non-deliberating jurors were more lenient than deliberating jurors. Implications for understanding how impressions of expert witness testimony translate from the juror to the deliberation room are discussed, with particular attention to cases with an increased likelihood of bias against the NGRI defense.
Author : Daniel A. Krauss
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317109953
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Jury Psychology: Social Aspects of Trial Processes written by Daniel A. Krauss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of a two-volume set on the Psychology of the Courtroom, Jury Psychology: Social Aspects of Trial Processes offers a definitive account of the influence of trial procedures on juror decision-making. A wide range of topics are covered including pre-trial publicity and inadmissible evidence, jury selection, jury instruction, and death penalty cases, as well as decision-making in civil trials. In addition, a number of global issues are discussed, including procedural justice issues and theoretical models of juror decision-making. Throughout the volume the authors make recommendations for improving trial procedures where jurors are involved, and they discuss how the problems and potential solutions are relevant to courts around the world.
Author : Daniel A. Krauss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (768 download)
Download or read book Effect of Clinical Versus Scientific Expert Testimony on Mock Juror Decision-making in Capital Sentencing written by Daniel A. Krauss and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Allan E. Raitz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Determining Damages written by Allan E. Raitz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lily Cheyanne (Manick) Munavu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (362 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Defendant Race, Psychological Expert Witness Race, and Racially Salient Psychological Expert Testimony on Juror Decision Making written by Lily Cheyanne (Manick) Munavu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study examined the effects of defendant race, psychological expert witness race, the racial salience of a psychological expert witness's testimony, and modern racism on juror decisions. Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions that varied the race of the defendant (Black or White), the race of the psychological expert witness (Black or White), and the racial salience of the expert witness testimony (racially relevant or not racially relevant). Participants were asked to review the case documents of a criminal case in which the defendant was charged with battery and robbery. Participants rendered verdicts for both charges, as well as rated their perceptions of the defendant, eyewitnesses, and psychological expert witness. In addition, participants completed the Modern Racism Scale (MRS) (McConahay, 1986). The following hypotheses were investigated: (1) whether modern racism scale scores, defendant race, and psychological expert race are predictors of verdict; (2) whether modern racism scale scores, defendant race, and psychological expert testimony type are predictors of verdict; (3) whether participants would give the highest ratings of the psychological expert witness when he is White and provides a non-racially relevant testimony; (4) whether participants would give the highest ratings of the defendant when he is White and a non-racially relevant defense is made on his behalf. While none of the original hypotheses were supported, post-hoc analyses revealed several significant findings. Logistic regression results revealed that the overall model of three predictors (modern racism scores, participant race, and participant gender) are statistically reliable in predicting verdict. Specifically, as the MRS total score increases, so does the probability of a guilty verdict. In addition, female participants are less likely to render a not guilty verdict (more likely to render a guilty verdict) than male participants. The results also revealed that participants were more likely to rate the expert witness's testimony as unimpressive when he provided a racially relevant testimony than when he gave a non-racially relevant testimony. Furthermore, when participants had higher MRS scores, they were more likely to rate the expert witness as being poorly educationally qualified and having an unprofessional manner on the witness stand.
Author : Patrick R. Anderson
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780887064487
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (644 download)
Download or read book Expert Witnesses written by Patrick R. Anderson and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time a book documents the judicial system's new dependence on social science testimony, especially that rendered by sociologists and criminologists. In Expert Witnesses contributors show that unlike traditional forensics testimony, the intrusion of social science data into judicial decision-making has relatively recent origins. It details the uses and abuses of social science experts, and the ethical and pragmatic concerns raised by their testimony. This timely collection will appeal to a diverse audience, including attorneys, judges, and students of judicial proceedings. Included in this volume are historical examinations of the expert witnessing phenomenon, the legal, social, and ethical debates regarding the appropriate role of such witnesses, and anecdotal descriptions by eminent social science experts. The authors address such pragmatic issues as an attorney's perspective on finding the most appropriate expert or formulating the "best" questions to ask in court, and an expert's perspective on getting aid or terminating a nonworking attorney-expert relationship.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)
Download or read book Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ayesha Khurshid
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (695 download)
Download or read book Factors Influencing Juror Decision Making in Criminal Trials Involving Recovered Memory of Childhood Sexual Abuse written by Ayesha Khurshid and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study examined the impact of expert witness orientation (researcher or clinical practitioner) and type of testimony (testimony for the prosecution, for the defense, for both prosecution and defense, and no testimony) on mock jurors' decisions in a sexual abuse trial. Participants read a summary of a sexual abuse criminal trial based on recovered memory; the summary included expert witness testimony (varied across participants based on the conditions described above). Participants then completed a juror decision making task. Results showed that expert witness testimony provided by a researcher did not impact mock jurors' guilt ratings any differently than the expert witness testimony provided by a clinical practitioner. However, type of testimony had a significant effect on jurors' guilt ratings. The prosecution witness expert testimony influenced mock jurors' decision in favor of the prosecution and testimony by a defense expert influenced the jurors' decisions in favor of the defense.
Author : Mark Costanzo
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1000106217
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts written by Mark Costanzo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, the frequency and range of expert testimony by psychologists have increased dramatically. Courts now routinely hear expert testimony from clinical, cognitive, developmental, and social psychologists. Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts provides a comprehensive, research-based analysis of the content, ethics, and impact of expert testimony. This book features leading scholars who have contributed to the scientific foundation for expert testimony and who have also served as expert witnesses. The opening chapter explores issues surrounding the admissibility of expert testimony, and the closing chapter explores the ethics and limits of psychological testimony. Each of the intervening chapters focuses on a different area of expert testimony: forensic identification, police interrogations and false confessions, eyewitness identification, sexual harassment, mitigation in capital cases, the insanity defense, battered women, future dangerousness, and child custody. These chapters describe the typical content of expert testimony in a particular area, evaluate the scientific foundation for testimony, examine how jurors respond to expert testimony, and suggest ways in which legal standards or procedures might be modified in light of psychological research. This groundbreaking book should be on the shelf of every social scientist interested in the legal system and every trial attorney who is likely to retain a psychologist as an expert witness. It can also serve as a text for advanced courses in psychology, legal studies, criminal justice, law, and sociology.
Author : Robin Lynne Branca
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (525 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Expert Witness Testimony about Rape Trauma Reactions on Juror Decision Making written by Robin Lynne Branca and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
