The Economics Of Forced Labor

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Profits and Poverty

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Author : International Labour Office
Publisher : International Labour Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Profits and Poverty by : International Labour Office

Download or read book Profits and Poverty written by International Labour Office and published by International Labour Office. This book was released on 2014 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication by the ILO of new estimates on forced labour in 2012 created a sense of urgency for addressing implementation gaps relating to the ILO's Forced Labour Conventions, leading to the adoption of supplementary standards by the 103rd International Labour Conference in June 2014. The power of normative pressure against those who still use or condone the use of forced labour is essential, and national legislation needs to be strengthened to combat forced labour and penalties against those who profit from it need to be strictly enforced. However, a better understanding of the socio-economic root causes and a new assessment of the profits of forced labour are equally important to bringing about long-term change. This report highlights how forced labour - which in the private economy generates US$150 billion in illegal profits per year, about three times more than previously estimated - thrives in the incubator of poverty and vulnerability, low levels of education and literacy, migration and other factors. The evidence presented illustrates the need for stronger measures of prevention and protection, as well as for enhanced law enforcement, as the basic responses to forced labour. At the same time, the report offers new knowledge of the determinants of forced labour, including a range of figures that break down profits by area of forced labour and by region. This can help us develop policies and programmes not only to stop forced labour where it exists, but to prevent it before it occurs.

The Economics of Forced Labor

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Author : Paul R. Gregory
Publisher : Hoover Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0817939431
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (179 download)

Book Synopsis The Economics of Forced Labor by : Paul R. Gregory

Download or read book The Economics of Forced Labor written by Paul R. Gregory and published by Hoover Institution Press. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now, there has been little scholarly analysis of the Soviet Gulag as an economic, social, and political institution, primarily owing to a lack of data. This collection presents the results of years of research by Western and Russian scholars. The authors provide both broad overviews and specific case studies.

Bonded Labor

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Author : Siddharth Kara
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231158483
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

Book Synopsis Bonded Labor by : Siddharth Kara

Download or read book Bonded Labor written by Siddharth Kara and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the pervasive, deeply entrenched, and wholly unjust system of bonded labor, Kara delves into this ancient and ever-evolving mode of slavery, which ensnares roughly six out of every ten slaves in the world. He provides a thorough economic, historical, and legal overview of bonded labor, describes the violent enslavement of millions, and follows supply chains directly to Western consumers.

Combatting Modern Slavery

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Author : Genevieve LeBaron
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509513701
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)

Book Synopsis Combatting Modern Slavery by : Genevieve LeBaron

Download or read book Combatting Modern Slavery written by Genevieve LeBaron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, the world’s largest corporations – from The Coca Cola Company to Amazon, Apple to Unilever – have taken up the cause of combatting modern slavery. Yet, by most measures, across many sectors and regions, severe labour exploitation continues to soar. Corporate social responsibility is not working. Why? In this landmark book, Genevieve LeBaron lifts the lid on a labour governance regime that is severely flawed and limited. She takes a close-up look at the millions of corporate dollars spent on anti-slavery networks, NGO partnerships, lobbying for new transparency legislation, and investment in social auditing and ethical certification schemes, to show how such efforts serve to bolster corporate growth and legitimacy as well as government reputations, whilst failing to protect the world’s most vulnerable workers. To eradicate modern slavery and human trafficking in global supply chains a new approach is needed; one that confronts corporate power and profits, dismantles exploitative business models, and regulates the booming private industry of accounting firms, social auditors, and consultants that has emerged to ‘monitor’ and ‘enforce’ labour standards. Only worker-driven initiatives that uphold fundamental rights can protect workers in the contemporary global economy and make forced labour a thing of the past.

Modern Slavery

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Author : Siddharth Kara
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231528027
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

Book Synopsis Modern Slavery by : Siddharth Kara

Download or read book Modern Slavery written by Siddharth Kara and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Siddharth Kara is a tireless chronicler of the human cost of slavery around the world. He has documented the dark realities of modern slavery in order to reveal the degrading and dehumanizing systems that strip people of their dignity for the sake of profit—and to link the suffering of the enslaved to the day-to-day lives of consumers in the West. In Modern Slavery, Kara draws on his many years of expertise to demonstrate the astonishing scope of slavery and offer a concrete path toward its abolition. From labor trafficking in the U.S. agricultural sector to sex trafficking in Nigeria to debt bondage in the Southeast Asian construction sector to forced labor in the Thai seafood industry, Kara depicts the myriad faces and forms of slavery, providing a comprehensive grounding in the realities of modern-day servitude. Drawing on sixteen years of field research in more than fifty countries around the globe—including revelatory interviews with both the enslaved and their oppressors—Kara sets out the key manifestations of modern slavery and how it is embedded in global supply chains. Slavery offers immense profits at minimal risk through the exploitation of vulnerable subclasses whose brutalization is tacitly accepted by the current global economic order. Kara has developed a business and economic analysis of slavery based on metrics and data that attest to the enormous scale and functioning of these systems of exploitation. Beyond this data-driven approach, Modern Slavery unflinchingly portrays the torments endured by the powerless. This searing exposé documents one of humanity’s greatest wrongs and lays out the framework for a comprehensive plan to eradicate it.

Precarious Lives

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Author : Hannah Lewis
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1447306910
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (473 download)

Book Synopsis Precarious Lives by : Hannah Lewis

Download or read book Precarious Lives written by Hannah Lewis and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking volume presents the first detailed look at forced labor among displaced migrants who are seeking refuge in the United Kingdom. Through a critical engagement with contemporary debates about sociolegal statuses, endangerment, and degrees of freedom and its lack, the book carefully details the link between asylum and forced labor and shows how they are both part of the larger picture of modern slavery brought about by globalization.

Jewish Forced Labor Under the Nazis

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Author : Wolf Gruner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521838754
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

Book Synopsis Jewish Forced Labor Under the Nazis by : Wolf Gruner

Download or read book Jewish Forced Labor Under the Nazis written by Wolf Gruner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-27 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract

The Half Has Never Been Told

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Author : Edward E Baptist
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465097685
Total Pages : 558 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

Book Synopsis The Half Has Never Been Told by : Edward E Baptist

Download or read book The Half Has Never Been Told written by Edward E Baptist and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking history demonstrating that America's economic supremacy was built on the backs of enslaved people Winner of the 2015 Avery O. Craven Prize from the Organization of American Historians Winner of the 2015 Sidney Hillman Prize Americans tend to cast slavery as a pre-modern institution -- the nation's original sin, perhaps, but isolated in time and divorced from America's later success. But to do so robs the millions who suffered in bondage of their full legacy. As historian Edward E. Baptist reveals in The Half Has Never Been Told, the expansion of slavery in the first eight decades after American independence drove the evolution and modernization of the United States. In the span of a single lifetime, the South grew from a narrow coastal strip of worn-out tobacco plantations to a continental cotton empire, and the United States grew into a modern, industrial, and capitalist economy. Told through the intimate testimonies of survivors of slavery, plantation records, newspapers, as well as the words of politicians and entrepreneurs, The Half Has Never Been Told offers a radical new interpretation of American history.

A Theory of Forced Labour Migration

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Author : Ali Kadri
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811532001
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

Book Synopsis A Theory of Forced Labour Migration by : Ali Kadri

Download or read book A Theory of Forced Labour Migration written by Ali Kadri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on labour dislocation and migration of Palestinians between 1967 and 1992. In particular, it highlights the social transformations in the occupied Palestinian territory where Palestinian labour was permitted to work in Israel from 1968 onwards. Elaborating on the results of the policy which saw a gradual increase in the number of Palestinian workers commuting daily from a negligible proportion of the actively participating labour force, to 35 percent of all employed persons, and 60 percent of all wage paid workers, the book studies this unique case which embodies characteristics from permanent migration situations not only in the de-jure, but also the de-facto sense; insofar as it embeds higher risks and reallocates resources as if it was a permanent relocation scenario. Illustrated with tables and econometric results, the book identifies the determinants and implications of migrant labour from the West Bank using two broad methodologies: the neoclassical and the historical-structural method. Each of these methods is divided into two branches: the classical divided into price determined and a choice-theoretic framework,and the historical-structural divided into dependency and Marxist theory. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the situation, all four perspectives are employed in the investigation. In doing so, what emerges is a structure for the book which takes shape along the different lines of migration literature. The book provides new insights into the making of wage labour and labour migration theory.

The Poverty of Slavery

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Author : Robert E. Wright
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319489682
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

Book Synopsis The Poverty of Slavery by : Robert E. Wright

Download or read book The Poverty of Slavery written by Robert E. Wright and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking book adds an economic angle to a traditionally moral argument, demonstrating that slavery has never promoted economic growth or development, neither today nor in the past. While unfree labor may be lucrative for slaveholders, its negative effects on a country’s economy, much like pollution, drag down all members of society. Tracing the history of slavery around the world, from prehistory through the US Antebellum South to the present day, Wright illustrates how slaveholders burden communities and governments with the task of maintaining the system while preventing productive individuals from participating in the economy. Historians, economists, policymakers, and anti-slavery activists need no longer apologize for opposing the dubious benefits of unfree labor. Wright provides a valuable resource for exposing the hidden price tag of slaving to help them pitch antislavery policies as matters of both human rights and economic well-being.

Working for the Enemy

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Author : Reinhold Billstein
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 9781845450137
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

Book Synopsis Working for the Enemy by : Reinhold Billstein

Download or read book Working for the Enemy written by Reinhold Billstein and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General Motors, the largest corporation on earth today, has been the owner since 1929 of Adam Opel AG, Russelsheim, the maker of Opel cars. Ford Motor Company in 1931 built the Ford Werke factory in Cologne, now the headquarters of European Ford. In this book, historians tell the astonishing story of what happened at Opel and Ford Werke under the Third Reich, and of the aftermath today. Long before the Second World War, key American executives at Ford and General Motors were eager to do business with Nazi Germany. Ford Werke and Opel became indispensable suppliers to the German armed forces, together providing most of the trucks that later motorized the Nazi attempt to conquer Europe. After the outbreak of war in 1939, Opel converted its largest factory to warplane parts production, and both companies set up extensive maintenance and repair networks to help keep the war machine on wheels. During the war, the Nazi Reich used millions of POWs, civilians from German-occupied countries, and concentration camp prisoners as forced laborers in the German homefront economy. Starting in 1940, Ford Werke and Opel also made use of thousands of forced laborers. POWs and civilian detainees, deported to Germany by the Nazi authorities, were kept at private camps owned and managed by the companies. In the longest section of the book, ten people who were forced to work at Ford Werke recall their experiences in oral testimonies. For more than fifty years, legal and political obstacles frustrated efforts to gain compensation for Nazi-era forced labor; in the most recent case, a $12 billion lawsuit was filed against the computer giant I.B.M. by a group of Gypsy organizations. In 1998, former forced laborers filed dozens of class action lawsuits against German corporations in U.S. courts. The concluding chapter reviews the subsequent, immensely complex negotiations towards a settlement - which involved Germany, the United States, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Czech Republic, Israel and several other countries, as well as dozens of well-known German corporations.

Researching Forced Labour in the Global Economy

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Author : Genevieve LeBaron
Publisher : Proceedings of the British Aca
ISBN 13 : 9780197266472
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (664 download)

Book Synopsis Researching Forced Labour in the Global Economy by : Genevieve LeBaron

Download or read book Researching Forced Labour in the Global Economy written by Genevieve LeBaron and published by Proceedings of the British Aca. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "By most accounts, forced labour, human trafficking, and modern slavery are thriving in the global economy. Recent media reports -- including the discovery of widespread trafficking in Thailand's shrimp industry, forced labour in global tea and cocoa supply chains, and the devastating deaths of workers constructing stadiums for Qatar's World Cup-- have brought once hidden exploitation into the mainstream spotlight. As public concern about forced labour has escalated, governments around the world have begun to enact legislation to combat it in global production. Yet, in spite of soaring media and policy attention, reliable research on the business of forced labour remains difficult to come by. Forced labour is notoriously challenging to investigate, given that it is illegal, and powerful corporations and governments are reluctant to grant academics access to their workers and supply chains. Given the risk associated with researching the business of forced labour, until very recently, few scholars even attempted to collect hard or systematic data. Instead, academics have often had little choice but to rely on poor quality second-hand data, frequently generated by activists and businesses with vested interests in portraying the problem in a certain light. As a result, the evidence base on contemporary forced labour is both dangerously thin and riddled with bias. Researching Forced Labour in the Global Economy gathers an interdisciplinary group of leading scholars to tackle this problem. It provides the first, comprehensive, scholarly account of forced labour's role in the contemporary global economy and reflections on the methodologies used to generate this research" -- Provided by publisher.

Analyzing Oppression

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Author : Ann E. Cudd
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195187431
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

Book Synopsis Analyzing Oppression by : Ann E. Cudd

Download or read book Analyzing Oppression written by Ann E. Cudd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzing Oppression presents a new, integrated theory of social oppression, which tackles the fundamental question that no theory of oppression has satisfactorily answered: if there is no natural hierarchy among humans, why are some cases of oppression so persistent? Cudd argues that the explanation lies in the coercive co-opting of the oppressed to join in their own oppression. This answer sets the stage for analysis throughout the book, as it explores the questions of how and why the oppressed join in their oppression. Cudd argues that oppression is an institutionally structured harm perpetrated on social groups by other groups using direct and indirect material, economic, and psychological force. Among the most important and insidious of the indirect forces is an economic force that operates through oppressed persons' own rational choices. This force constitutes the central feature of analysis, and the book argues that this force is especially insidious because it conceals the fact of oppression from the oppressed and from others who would be sympathetic to their plight. The oppressed come to believe that they suffer personal failings and this belief appears to absolve society from responsibility. While on Cudd's view oppression is grounded in material exploitation and physical deprivation, it cannot be long sustained without corresponding psychological forces. Cudd examines the direct and indirect psychological forces that generate and sustain oppression. She discusses strategies that groups have used to resist oppression and argues that all persons have a moral responsibility to resist in some way. In the concluding chapter Cudd proposes a concept of freedom that would be possible for humans in a world that is actively opposing oppression, arguing that freedom for each individual is only possible when we achieve freedom for all others.

The Economics of World War I

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Author : Stephen Broadberry
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139448358
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

Book Synopsis The Economics of World War I by : Stephen Broadberry

Download or read book The Economics of World War I written by Stephen Broadberry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-09-29 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.

Bound for Work

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Author : Zachary Kagan Guthrie
Publisher : University of Virginia Press
ISBN 13 : 0813941555
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (139 download)

Book Synopsis Bound for Work by : Zachary Kagan Guthrie

Download or read book Bound for Work written by Zachary Kagan Guthrie and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diverging from the studies of southern African migrant labor that focus on particular workplaces and points of origin, Bound for Work looks at the multitude of forms and locales of migrant labor that individuals—under more or less coercive circumstances—engaged in over the course of their lives. Tracing Mozambican workers as they moved between different types of labor across Mozambique, Rhodesia, and South Africa, Zachary Kagan Guthrie places the multiple venues of labor in a single historical frame, expanding the regional historiography beyond the long shadow cast by the apartheid state while simultaneously exploring the continuities and fractures between South Africa, southern Africa, and sub-Saharan Africa. Kagan Guthrie’s holistic approach to migrant labor yields several important conclusions. First, he highlights the importance of workers’ choices, explaining not just why people moved but why they moved in the ways they did: how they calculated the benefits of one destination over another, and how they decided when circumstances made it necessary to move again. Second, his attention to mobility gives a much clearer view of the mechanisms of power available to colonial authorities, as well as the limits to their effectiveness. Finally, Kagan Guthrie suggests a new explanation for the divergent trajectories of southern and sub-Saharan Africa in the aftermath of World War II.

Modern Slavery

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Author : Kevin Bales
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1780740344
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (87 download)

Book Synopsis Modern Slavery by : Kevin Bales

Download or read book Modern Slavery written by Kevin Bales and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the world's leading experts and campaigners, Modern Slavery: A Beginner's Guide blends original research with shocking first-hand accounts from slaves themselves around the world to reveal the truth behind one of the worst humanitarian crises facing us today. Only a handful of slaves are reached and freed each year, but the authors offer hope for the future with a global blueprint that proposes to end slavery in our lifetime All royalties will go to Free the Slaves.

Twice the Work of Free Labor

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Author : Alexander C. Lichtenstein
Publisher : Verso
ISBN 13 : 9781859840863
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (48 download)

Book Synopsis Twice the Work of Free Labor by : Alexander C. Lichtenstein

Download or read book Twice the Work of Free Labor written by Alexander C. Lichtenstein and published by Verso. This book was released on 1996-01-17 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twice the Work of Free Labor is both a study of penal labor in the southern United States, and a revisionist analysis of the political economy of the South after the Civil War.