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Author : Lucia Faiciuc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (895 download)
Download or read book The Dynamics of the Mental Representations in the Deductive Reasoning Processes written by Lucia Faiciuc and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ginette Boudreau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (455 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Structure and Content on the Mental Representation and Processes of Spatial Deductive Reasoning written by Ginette Boudreau and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Walter Schaeken
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135669287
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Deductive Reasoning and Strategies written by Walter Schaeken and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999-11-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together both theoretical and empirical research directed toward the role of strategies in deductive reasoning. It offers the first systematic attempt to discuss the role of strategies for deductive reasoning. The empirical chapters correspond well with the main issues in the study of deduction, namely propositional reasoning, spatial reasoning, and syllogistic reasoning. In addition, several chapters present a theoretical analysis of deduction, related to the concept strategy. The book also presents data about the role of strategies for statistical and social reasoning. This book will be of interest to researchers and students of cognitive psychology. It will also be of value to people working in Artificial Intelligence, because it highlights results on how humans use strategies while tackling deductive puzzles.
Author : Joulia Smortchkova
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190686685
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)
Download or read book What are Mental Representations? written by Joulia Smortchkova and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of this book is mental representation, a theoretical concept that lies at the core of cognitive science. Together with the idea that thinking is analogous to computational processing, this concept is responsible for the "cognitive turn" in the sciences of the mind and brain since the 1950s. Conceiving of cognitive processes (such as perception, reasoning, and motor control) as consisting of the manipulation of contentful vehicles that represent the world has led to tremendous empirical advancements in our explanations of behaviour. Perhaps the most famous discovery that explains behavior by appealing to the notion of mental representations was the discovery of 'place' cells that underlie spatial navigation and positioning, which earned researchers John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser a joint Nobel Prize in 2014. And yet, despite the empirical importance of the concept, there is no agreed definition or theoretical understanding of mental representation. This book constitutes a state-of-the-art overview on the topic of mental representation, assembling some of the leading experts in the field and allowing them to engage in meaningful exchanges over some of the most contentious questions. The collection gathers both proponents and critics of the notion, making room for debates dealing with the theoretical and ontological status of representations, the possibility of formulating a general account of mental representation which would fit our best explanatory practices, and the possibility of delivering such an account in fully naturalistic terms. Some contributors explore the relation between mutually incompatible notions of mental representation, stemming from the different disciplines composing the cognitive sciences (such as neuroscience, psychology, and computer science). Others question the ontological status and explanatory usefulness of the notion. And finally, some try to sketch a general theory of mental representations that could face the challenges outlined in the more critical chapters of the volume.
Author : M. Davies
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137378050
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Thinking in Higher Education written by M. Davies and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Thinking in Higher Education provides a single compendium on the nature, function, and applications of critical thinking. This book brings together the work of top researchers on critical thinking worldwide, covering questions of definition, pedagogy, curriculum, assessment, research, policy, and application.
Author : Elizabeth Newton
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135424071
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)
Download or read book Methods of Thought written by Elizabeth Newton and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do people make inferences? How do their reasoning processes differ and why? Methods of Thought attempts to answer these questions by looking in detail at the different reasoning strategies people apply, how these are acquired, how they are selected and how use of these strategies is influenced by individual and task properties. Focusing on empirical data and research into deductive reasoning tasks, this book summarizes current trends in the field and helps us to understand how individual differences in reasoning impact on other studies of higher cognitive abilities in humans. Contributors include researchers who have shown that people make deductions by using a variety of strategies, and others who have found that deductive reasoning problems provide a useful test-bed for investigating general theories of strategy development. Together, it is shown that these general theories derived from other domains have important implications for deductive reasoning, and also that findings by reasoning researchers have wider consequences for general theories of strategy development. This book will be of interest to anyone studying or working in the fields of reasoning, problem solving, and cognitive development, as well as cognitive science in general.
Author : Allan Paivio
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195362004
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Mental Representations written by Allan Paivio and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-13 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume Professor Paivio updates his influential theory of cognition and provides a systematic treatise on the structure of cognitive representations and their dynamic functions in thought and behavior.
Author : Markus Knauff
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262045079
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book The Handbook of Rationality written by Markus Knauff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of rationality—how people ought to think, how they actually think, and why we often deviate from what we can call rational. It also offers insights from other fields such as artificial intelligence, economics, the social sciences, and cognitive neuroscience. The Handbook proposes a novel classification system for researchers in human rationality, and it creates new connections between rationality research in philosophy, psychology, and other disciplines. Following the basic distinction between theoretical and practical rationality, the book first considers the theoretical side, including normative and descriptive theories of logical, probabilistic, causal, and defeasible reasoning. It then turns to the practical side, discussing topics such as decision making, bounded rationality, game theory, deontic and legal reasoning, and the relation between rationality and morality. Finally, it covers topics that arise in both theoretical and practical rationality, including visual and spatial thinking, scientific rationality, how children learn to reason rationally, and the connection between intelligence and rationality.
Author : Walter Schaeken
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135669295
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Deductive Reasoning and Strategies written by Walter Schaeken and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1999-11 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bk, which offers one of the 1st systematic attempts to discuss the role of strategies for deductive reasoning & brings together theoretical & empirical research, will be of interest to researchers/advanced students of cognitive psych.
Author : Jonathan St. B. T. Evans
Publisher : Routledge & Kegan Paul Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Psychology of Deductive Reasoning written by Jonathan St. B. T. Evans and published by Routledge & Kegan Paul Books. This book was released on 1982 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nancy J Nersessian
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262293455
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Creating Scientific Concepts written by Nancy J Nersessian and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-08-13 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account that analyzes the dynamic reasoning processes implicated in a fundamental problem of creativity in science: how does genuine novelty emerge from existing representations? How do novel scientific concepts arise? In Creating Scientific Concepts, Nancy Nersessian seeks to answer this central but virtually unasked question in the problem of conceptual change. She argues that the popular image of novel concepts and profound insight bursting forth in a blinding flash of inspiration is mistaken. Instead, novel concepts are shown to arise out of the interplay of three factors: an attempt to solve specific problems; the use of conceptual, analytical, and material resources provided by the cognitive-social-cultural context of the problem; and dynamic processes of reasoning that extend ordinary cognition. Focusing on the third factor, Nersessian draws on cognitive science research and historical accounts of scientific practices to show how scientific and ordinary cognition lie on a continuum, and how problem-solving practices in one illuminate practices in the other. Her investigations of scientific practices show conceptual change as deriving from the use of analogies, imagistic representations, and thought experiments, integrated with experimental investigations and mathematical analyses. She presents a view of constructed models as hybrid objects, serving as intermediaries between targets and analogical sources in bootstrapping processes. Extending these results, she argues that these complex cognitive operations and structures are not mere aids to discovery, but that together they constitute a powerful form of reasoning—model-based reasoning—that generates novelty. This new approach to mental modeling and analogy, together with Nersessian's cognitive-historical approach, make Creating Scientific Concepts equally valuable to cognitive science and philosophy of science.
Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674568822
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (688 download)
Download or read book Mental Models written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unified theory of the major propertries of mind, including comprehension, inference, and consciousness. The author argues that we apprehend the world by building inner mental replicas of the relationships among objects and events that concern us. The mind is essentially a model-building device that can itself be modeled on a computer. The book provides a blueprint for building such a model and numberous important illustrations of how to do it.
Author : G. Rickheit
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080536220
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Mental Models in Discourse Processing and Reasoning written by G. Rickheit and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-10-29 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this interdisciplinary discussion on mental models, researchers from various areas in cognitive science tackle the following questions: What is a mental model? What are the prospects and limitations in applying the mental model notion in cognitive science? How can the ideas on the nature of mental models and their mode of operation be empirically substantiated? The primary goal of the research group was to work out a definition of mental models that embraces the overall use of this construct in cognitive science as well as the more specific conceptions used in particular research domains such as cognitive linguistics. Theoretical claims about the properties of mental models were discussed and their tenability evaluated against the empirical evidence. The volume is divided into three parts. Fundamental aspects of mental models are presented in the first section, the following part contains contributions to the function of mental models in discourse processing, and finally problems of mental models in reasoning and problem solving are outlined.
Author : Wayne D. Gray
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317708326
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society written by Wayne D. Gray and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-24 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features the complete text of the material presented at the Twenty-Fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. As in previous years, the symposium included an interesting mixture of papers on many topics from researchers with diverse backgrounds and different goals, presenting a multifaceted view of cognitive science. The volume includes all papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at this leading conference that brings cognitive scientists together. The 2002 meeting dealt with issues of representing and modeling cognitive processes as they appeal to scholars in all subdisciplines that comprise cognitive science: psychology, computer science, neuroscience, linguistics, and philosophy.
Author : Paolo Bouquet
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540483152
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Modeling and Using Context written by Paolo Bouquet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-07-31 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers presented at the Second International and - terdisciplinary Conference on Modeling and Using Context (CONTEXT’99), held in Trento (Italy) from 9 to 11 September 1999. CONTEXT’99 is the second in the CONTEXT series. The rst was held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in 1997. The CONTEXT conference series is meant to provide an interdisciplinary - rum where researchers can exchange ideas, methodologies, and results on c- text, and is increasingly becoming an important reference for all people doing research on context. This is testi ed by the larger number of research areas that are represented at CONTEXT’99 (in particular, Philosophy and Cognitive Psychology were not signi cantly present at the rst conference), and by the number and quality of submitted papers. Speci cally, we received 118 papers, mostly of good or excellent quality. Among them, 33 (28%) have been accepted as full papers, and 21 as short papers. We think it is fair to say that the 54 papers collected in this volume provide a signi cant picture of the international research on context currently going on. The notion of context plays an important role in many areas, both theoretical and applied, such as Formal Logic, Arti cial Intelligence, Philosophy, Pragm- ics, Computational Linguistics, Computer Science, Cognitive Psychology.
Author : Arthur B. Markman
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134802978
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Knowledge Representation written by Arthur B. Markman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge representation is fundamental to the study of mind. All theories of psychological processing are rooted in assumptions about how information is stored. These assumptions, in turn, influence the explanatory power of theories. This book fills a gap in the existing literature by providing an overview of types of knowledge representation techniques and their use in cognitive models. Organized around types of representations, this book begins with a discussion of the foundations of knowledge representation, then presents discussions of different ways that knowledge representation has been used. Both symbolic and connectionist approaches to representation are discussed and a set of recommendations about the way representations should be used is presented. This work can be used as the basis for a course on knowledge representation or can be read independently. It will be useful to students of psychology as well as people in related disciplines--computer science, philosophy, anthropology, and linguistics--who want an introduction to techniques for knowledge representation.
Author : Ashwin Ram
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317729269
Total Pages : 1014 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society written by Ashwin Ram and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features the complete text of all regular papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the 16th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
