The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic

Download The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

The Diachrony of Definiteness in North Germanic

Author : Dominika Skrzypek
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004463682
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Diachrony of Definiteness in North Germanic by : Dominika Skrzypek

Download or read book The Diachrony of Definiteness in North Germanic written by Dominika Skrzypek and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an account of the rise of definite and indefinite articles in Danish, Swedish and Icelandic, as documented in a choice of extant texts from 1200-1550. These three North Germanic languages show different development patterns in the rise of articles, despite the common origin, but each reveals interdependencies between the two processes. The matter is approached from both a quantitative and a qualitative perspective. The statistical analysis provides an improved overview on article grammaticalization, focusing on the factors at the basis of such process. The in-depth qualitative analysis of longer text passages places the crucial stage of the definite article grammaticalization with the so-called indirect anaphoric reference.

Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions

Author : Alicja Piotrowska
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900468218X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions by : Alicja Piotrowska

Download or read book Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions written by Alicja Piotrowska and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an account of the variation between two possessive constructions in Danish and Swedish: the s-genitive (husets tak ‘the house’s roof’), and the prepositional construction (taket på huset ‘the roof of the house’). Present-day corpus data, as well as historical data (texts from 1250–1550) are explored. Through statistical and qualitative analysis, various factors that influence the choice between the two constructions are identified. The book offers new data on the genitive variation in Danish and Swedish. The approach is also novel as two closely related Scandinavian languages are compared from both a historical and a contemporary perspective.

Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory

Author : Thomas Strobel
Publisher : Helmut Buske Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3967692914
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (676 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory by : Thomas Strobel

Download or read book Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory written by Thomas Strobel and published by Helmut Buske Verlag. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grammatiken sind (metaphorisch gesprochen) Anweisungen zum richtigen Gebrauch einer Sprache. Interessanterweise zeigen Grammatiken offenbar Lücken, die dadurch entstehen, dass für bestimmte Bereiche Regeln (bzw. Formen) ganz fehlen oder dass sich einzelne Regeln widersprechen und der daraus resultierende Konflikt deren Anwendung verhindert. Grammatische Lücken, auf deren Relevanz für eine 'realistische' Grammatiktheorie wohl zuerst Marga Reis hingewiesen hat, sind in den letzten Jahren schon vereinzelt in den Fokus der Forschung geraten. Das Sonderheft versammelt Arbeiten zu verschiedenen Arten von Lücken und zeigt damit, wie ertragreich und wichtig die Erforschung grammatischer Lücken sein kann. Grammars are (metaphorically speaking) instructions for the correct use of languages. One might expect that grammars are complete, i.e., that they provide an appropriate solution for each utterance context. Interestingly, however, grammars seem to show gaps, which are caused by the fact that rules (or forms) in certain domains are missing completely or that individual rules contradict each other and that the resulting conflict prevents their application. Grammatical gaps, whose relevance for a 'realistic' theory of grammar was probably first pointed out by Marga Reis, have come into the focus of research in recent years. The present special issue collects papers on different kinds of gaps and shows how fruitful and important the investigation of grammatical gaps can prove to be. Inhalt: Introduction – Ralf Vogel: Grammatical gaps, grammatical invention and grammatical theory – André Meinunger: Unexpected finite verb forms in German – cases of grammatical illusion? – Patrick Mächler, Anja Hasse: Gaps of definiteness. Marking of (in)definiteness in Swiss German, Norwegian, Faroese and Elfdalian – Elisabeth Scherr: Attraction of the void. The lack of aspect in German and its effect on language change – Oliver Schallert: Morphological gaps in verbal diminutive formation: Some observations on Alemannic – Julia Bacskai-Atkari: Syntactic paradigms, markedness and similative markers in comparative and relative clauses – Fenna Bergsma: A typology of case competition in headless relatives – Ewa Trutkowski: How sex and gender shape agreement in German relative clauses – Tabea Reiner: What counts as a gap? The case of typological hierarchies

Noun phrases in early Germanic languages

Author : Kristin Bech
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961104670
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Noun phrases in early Germanic languages by : Kristin Bech

Download or read book Noun phrases in early Germanic languages written by Kristin Bech and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2024-03-01 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the premise that syntactic variation is constrained by factors that may not always be immediately obvious, this volume explores various perspectives on the nominal syntax in the early Germanic languages and the syntactic diversity they display. The fact that these languages are relatively well attested and documented allows for individual cases studies as well as comparative studies. Due to their well-observable common ancestry at the time of their earliest attestations, they moreover permit close-up comparative investigations into closely related languages. Besides the purely empirical aspects, the volume also explores the methodological side of diagnosing, classifying and documenting the details of syntactic diversity. The volume starts with a description by Alexander Pfaff and Gerlof Bouma of the principles underlying the Noun Phrases in Early Germanic Languages (NPEGL) database, before Alexander Pfaff presents the Patternization method for measuring syntactic diversity. Kristin Bech, Hannah Booth, Kersti Börjars, Tine Breban, Svetlana Petrova, and George Walkden carry out a pilot study of noun phrase variation in Old English, Old High German, Old Icelandic, and Old Saxon. Kristin Bech then considers the development of Old English noun phrases with quantifiers meaning ‘many’. Alexandra Rehn’s study is concerned with the inflection of stacked adjectives in Old High German and Alemannic. Old High German is also the topic of Svetlana Petrova’s study, which looks at inflectional patterns of attributive adjectives. With Hannah Booth’s contribution we move to Old Icelandic and the use of the proprial article as a topic management device. Juliane Tiemann investigates adjective position in Old Norwegian. Alexander Pfaff and George Walkden then take a broader view of adjectival articles in early Germanic, before Alexander Pfaff rounds off the volume with a study of a peculiar class of adjectives, the so-called positional predicates, which occur across the early Germanic languages.

Adjective attribution

Author : Michael Rießler
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3944675657
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (446 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Adjective attribution by : Michael Rießler

Download or read book Adjective attribution written by Michael Rießler and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first typological study of adjective attribution marking. Its focus lies on Northern Eurasia, although it covers many more languages and presents an ontology of morphosyntactic categories relevant to noun phrase structure in general. Beside treating synchronic data, the study contributes to historical linguistics by reconstructing the origin of new types specifically in the language contact area between the Indo-European and Uralic families.

Reference in Discourse

Author : A. A. Kibrik
Publisher : Oxford Studies in Typology and
ISBN 13 : 0199215804
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Reference in Discourse by : A. A. Kibrik

Download or read book Reference in Discourse written by A. A. Kibrik and published by Oxford Studies in Typology and. This book was released on 2011-09 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full study of how people refer to entities in natural discourse. It contributes to the understanding of both linguistic diversity and the cognitive underpinnings of language and it provides a framework for further research in both fields. Andrej Kibrik focuses on the way specific entities are mentioned in natural discourse, during which about every third word usually depends on referential choice. He considers reference as an overt representation of underlying cognitive processes and combines a theoretically-oriented cognitive approach with empirically-based cross-linguistic analysis. He begins by introducing the cognitive approach to discourse analysis and by examining the relationship between discourse studies and linguistic typology. He discusses reference as a linguistic phenomenon, in connection with the traditional notions of deixis, anaphora, givenness, and topicality, and describes the way his theoretical approach is centered on notions of referent activation in working memory. He argues that the speaker is responsible for the shape of discourse and that referential expressions should be understood as choices made by speakers rather than as puzzles to be solved by addressees. Kibrik examines the cross-linguistic aspects of reference and the typology of referential devices, including referring expressions per se, such as free and bound pronouns, and referential aids that help to tell apart the concurrently activated entities. This discussion is based on the data from about 200 languages from around the world. He then proposes a comprehensive model of referential choice, in which he draws on concepts from cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, and applies this to Russian and English. He also draws together his empirical analyses in order to examine what light his analysis of discourse can shed on the way information is processed in working memory. In the final part of the book Andrej Kibrik offers a wider perspective, including deixis, referential aspects of gesticulation and signed languages. This pioneering work will interest linguists and cognitive scientists interested in discourse, reference, typology, and the operations of working memory in linguistic communication.

The Norse Folk

Author : Charles Loring Brace
Publisher : New York : C. Scribner
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (26 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Norse Folk by : Charles Loring Brace

Download or read book The Norse Folk written by Charles Loring Brace and published by New York : C. Scribner. This book was released on 1857 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Indo-European Languages

Author : Mate Kapović
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317391527
Total Pages : 746 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Indo-European Languages by : Mate Kapović

Download or read book The Indo-European Languages written by Mate Kapović and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Indo-European Languages presents a comprehensive survey of the individual languages and language subgroups within this language family. With over four hundred languages and dialects and almost three billion native speakers, the Indo-European language family is the largest of the recognized language groups and includes most of the major current languages of Europe, the Iranian plateau and the Indian subcontinent. Written by an international team of experts, this comprehensive, single-volume tome presents in-depth discussions of the historical development and specialized linguistic features of the Indo-European languages. This unique resource remains the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Indo-European linguistics and languages, but also for more experienced researchers looking for an up-to-date survey of separate Indo-European branches. It will be of interest to researchers and anyone with an interest in historical linguistics, linguistic anthropology and language development.

Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions

Author : Alicja Piotrowska
Publisher : Empirical Approaches to Lingui
ISBN 13 : 9789004682153
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (821 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions by : Alicja Piotrowska

Download or read book Variation in Nominal Possessive Expressions written by Alicja Piotrowska and published by Empirical Approaches to Lingui. This book was released on 2023-12-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an account of the variation between two possessive constructions in Danish and Swedish: the s-genitive and the prepositional construction. Present-day corpus data, as well as historical data (corpus texts from 1250-1550) are explored.

Nominal Determination

Author : Elisabeth Stark
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789027230997
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Nominal Determination by : Elisabeth Stark

Download or read book Nominal Determination written by Elisabeth Stark and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following theoretical-empirical points on the DP are discussed: Article and its referential-anaphoric properties by Abraham (Determiners in Centering Theory); Bartra (On bare NPs in Old Spanish and Catalan); identification of all functional nominal categories by Stvan (Bare singular count nouns); Kupisch & Koops (Specificity and negation); Jäger (History of German indefinite determiners); typological comparison of the interaction of nominal and verbal determination by Abraham (Discourse-functional crystallization of the original demonstrative); Leiss (Covert (in)definiteness and aspect in Old Icelandic, Gothic, Old High German); Lohndal (Double definiteness during Old Norse); emergence of DP in ontogeny/phylogeny by Osawa (DP, TP and aspect in Old English and L1 acquisition); Bittner (Early functions of definites in L1 acquisition); Wood (Demonstratives and possessives emergent from Old English); Bauer ((in)definite articles in Indo-European) and Stark (Variation in nominal indefiniteness in Romance).

Perspectives on Language Structure and Language Change

Author : Lars Heltoft
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027262632
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Perspectives on Language Structure and Language Change by : Lars Heltoft

Download or read book Perspectives on Language Structure and Language Change written by Lars Heltoft and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume centers on three important theoretical concepts for the study of language change and the ways in which language structure emerges and turns into new structure: reanalysis, actualization, and indexicality. Reanalysis is a part of ongoing everyday language use, a process through which language is reproduced and changed. Actualization refers to the processes through which a reanalyzed structure spreads throughout single communities and society. Indexicality covers the way in which parts of a linguistic system can point to other parts of the system, both syntagmatically and paradigmatically. The inclusion of indexicality leads to fine-grained analysis in morphology, word order, and constructional syntax.

The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics

Author : Michael T. Putnam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108386350
Total Pages : 1176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics by : Michael T. Putnam

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics written by Michael T. Putnam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive overview of the structure of modern Germanic languages. Written by a team of internationally-renowned experts, it is a vital resource for students and researchers investigating the Germanic family of languages and dialects, covering key topics such as phonology, morphology, syntax, heritage and minority languages.

Historical Linguistics 2015

Author : Michela Cennamo
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027262454
Total Pages : 649 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Historical Linguistics 2015 by : Michela Cennamo

Download or read book Historical Linguistics 2015 written by Michela Cennamo and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-09-15 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection of articles presented in this volume addresses a number of general theoretical, methodological and empirical issues in the field of Historical Linguistics, in different levels of analysis and on different themes: (i) phonology, (ii) morphology, (iii) morphosyntax, (iv) syntax, (v) diachronic typology, (vi) semantics and pragmatics, and (vii) language contact, variation and diffusion. The topics discussed, often in a comparative perspective, feature a variety of languages and language families and cover a wide range of research areas. Novel analyses and often new diachronic data — also from less known and under-investigated languages — are provided to the debate on the principles, mechanisms, paths and models of language change, as well as the relationship between synchronic variation and diachrony. The volume is of interest to scholars of different persuasions working on all aspects of language change.

Split Possession

Author : Thomas Stolz
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027290369
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Split Possession by : Thomas Stolz

Download or read book Split Possession written by Thomas Stolz and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05-21 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a functional-typological study of possession splits in European languages. It shows that genetically and structurally diverse languages such as Icelandic, Welsh, and Maltese display possessive systems which are sensitive to semantically based distinctions reminiscent of the alienability correlation. These distinctions are grammatically relevant in many European languages because they require dedicated constructions. What makes these split possessive systems interesting for the linguist is the interaction of semantic criteria with pragmatics and syntax. Neutralisation of distinctions occurs under focus. The same happens if one of the constituents of a possessive construction is syntactically heavy. These effects can be observed in the majority of the 50 sample languages. Possessive splits are strong in those languages which are outside the Standard Average European group. The bulk of the European languages do not behave much differently from those non-European languages for which possession splits are reported. The book reveals interesting new facts about European languages and possession to typologists, universals researchers, and areal linguists.

The Final-Over-Final Condition

Author : Michelle Sheehan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262534169
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Final-Over-Final Condition by : Michelle Sheehan

Download or read book The Final-Over-Final Condition written by Michelle Sheehan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the evidence for and the theoretical implications of a universal word order constraint, with data from a wide range of languages. This book presents evidence for a universal word order constraint, the Final-over-Final Condition (FOFC), and discusses the theoretical implications of this phenomenon. FOFC is a syntactic condition that disallows structures where a head-initial phrase is contained in a head-final phrase in the same extended projection/domain. The authors argue that FOFC is a linguistic universal, not just a strong tendency, and not a constraint on processing. They discuss the effects of the universal in various domains, including the noun phrase, the adjective phrase, the verb phrase, and the clause. The book draws on data from a wide range of languages, including Hindi, Turkish, Basque, Finnish, Afrikaans, German, Hungarian, French, English, Italian, Romanian, Arabic, Hebrew, Mandarin, Pontic Greek, Bagirmi, Dholuo, and Thai. FOFC, the authors argue, is important because it is the only known example of a word order asymmetry pertaining to the order of heads. As such, it has significant repercussions for theories connecting the narrow syntax to linear order.

German and Dutch in Contrast

Author : Gunther Vogelaer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110669463
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis German and Dutch in Contrast by : Gunther Vogelaer

Download or read book German and Dutch in Contrast written by Gunther Vogelaer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as a contribution to contrastive linguistics, the present volume brings up-to-date the comparison of German with its closest neighbour, Dutch, and other Germanic relatives like English, Afrikaans, and the Scandinavian languages. It takes its inspiration from the idea of a "Germanic Sandwich", i.e. the hypothesis that sets of genetically related languages diverge in systematic ways in diverse domains of the linguistic system. Its contributions set out to test this approach against new phenomena or data from synchronic, diachronic and, for the first time in a Sandwich-related volume, psycholinguistic perspectives. With topics ranging from nickname formation to the IPP (aka 'Ersatzinfinitiv'), from the grammaticalisation of the definite article to /s/-retraction, and from the role of verb-second order in the acquisition of L2 English to the psycholinguistics of gender, the volume appeals to students and specialists in modern and historical linguistics, psycholinguistics, translation studies, language pedagogy and cognitive science, providing a wealth of fresh insights into the relationships of German with its closest relatives while highlighting the potential inherent in the integration of different methodological traditions.

Syntactic Reconstruction and Proto-Germanic

Author : George Walkden
Publisher : Oxford Studies in Diachronic a
ISBN 13 : 0198712294
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Syntactic Reconstruction and Proto-Germanic by : George Walkden

Download or read book Syntactic Reconstruction and Proto-Germanic written by George Walkden and published by Oxford Studies in Diachronic a. This book was released on 2014 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers reconstructions of various syntactic properties of Proto-Germanic, including verb position in main clauses, the syntax of the wh-system, and the (non-)occurrence of null pronominal subjects and objects. Although previous studies have looked at the lexical and phonological reconstruction of Proto-Germanic, little is currently known about the syntax of the language, and it has even been argued that the reconstruction of syntax is impossible. Dr Walkden uses extensive evidence from the early Germanic languages - Old English, Old High German, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Gothic - to show that syntactic reconstruction is not only possible but also profitable. He argues that while the reconstruction of syntax differs from lexical-phonological reconstruction due to the so-called 'correspondence problem', this is not insurmountable. In fact, the approach taken in current Minimalist theories, in which syntactic variation is attributed to the properties of lexical items, opens the door for syntactic reconstruction as lexical reconstruction. The book also discusses practical solutions for circumventing the correspondence problem, in particular the use of both distributional properties of lexical items and the phonological forms of such items in order to establish cognacy. The book will be of interest to historical linguists working on syntactic reconstruction and the Germanic languages, from graduate level upwards, as well as to advanced students of syntactic change more generally.