The Development of Aspectual Systems in the Chinese-Xiang Dialects

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782910216030
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis The Development of Aspectual Systems in the Chinese-Xiang Dialects by : Yunji Wu

Download or read book The Development of Aspectual Systems in the Chinese-Xiang Dialects written by Yunji Wu and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Synchronic and Diachronic Study of the Grammar of the Chinese Xiang Dialects

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110927489
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis A Synchronic and Diachronic Study of the Grammar of the Chinese Xiang Dialects by : Yunji Wu

Download or read book A Synchronic and Diachronic Study of the Grammar of the Chinese Xiang Dialects written by Yunji Wu and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book in Chinese linguistics which discusses the grammar of a dialect group, in this case the Xiang dialect spoken in Hunan, from both a synchronic and diachronic prespective. The author uses new data and new frameworks to present her analysis. The synchronic part covers contemporary grammar across localities within the Xiang-speaking area by using the methods and theories of comparative and typological linguistics. The diachronic analysis reconstructs earlier grammatical systems based mainly on modern data but also on historical written records, and analyses the development of the syntactic systems of the Xiang dialects, adopting the methods and theories of historical linguistics and grammaticalization. The discussions in this book raise new issues on dialect research which have not yet been fully acknowledged by Chinese dialectologists. The author shows, for example, how the earlier layers of grammar may be reconstructed on the basis of modern data, and how the path of grammaticalization of functional words may be traced. The discussions reveal that the Xiang dialect group forms a transitional zone between northern and southern dialects. The syntactic constructions in these two areas often co-exist or are mingled in Xiang. Thus, the grammatical constructions in different localities of the Xiang dialect group often provide a bridge connecting the constructions of northern and southern Chinese, or Modern Chinese and Chinese of earlier periods. This book is of interest to scholars and students who are working on grammar, dialectology, historical linguistics, comparative linguistics, typological linguistics, and grammaticalization, as well as those researchers focusing on language policy, language acquisition, and education.

Tense/aspect Markers in Mandarin and Xiang Dialects, and Their Contact

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Tense/aspect Markers in Mandarin and Xiang Dialects, and Their Contact by : Minglang Zhou

Download or read book Tense/aspect Markers in Mandarin and Xiang Dialects, and Their Contact written by Minglang Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Language Interrupted

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190294930
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Interrupted by : John McWhorter

Download or read book Language Interrupted written by John McWhorter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-06-18 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreigners often say that English language is "easy." A language like Spanish is challenging in its variety of verb endings (the verb speak is conjugated hablo, hablas, hablamos), and gender for nouns, whereas English is more straight forward (I speak, you speak, we speak). But linguists generally swat down claims that certain languages are "easier" than others, since it is assumed all languages are complex to the same degree. For example, they will point to English's use of the word "do" -- Do you know French? This usage is counter-intuitive and difficult for non-native speakers. Linguist John McWhorter agrees that all languages are complex, but questions whether or not they are all equally complex. The topic of complexity has become a hot issue in recent years, particularly in creole studies, historical linguistics, and language contact. As McWhorter describes, when languages came into contact over the years (when French speakers ruled the English for a few centuries, or the vikings invaded England), a large number of speakers are forced to learn a new language quickly, and this came up with a simplified version, a pidgin. When this ultimately turns into a "real" language, a creole, the result is still simpler and less complex than a "non-interrupted" language that has been around for a long time. McWhorter makes the case that this kind of simplification happens in degrees, and criticizes linguists who are reluctant to say that, for example, English is simply simpler than Spanish for socio-historical reasons. He analyzes how various languages that seem simple but are not creoles, actually are simpler than they would be if they had not been broken down by large numbers of adult learners. In addition to English, he looks at Mandarin Chinese, Persian, Malay, and some Arabic varieties. His work will interest not just experts in creole studies and historical linguistics, but the wider community interested in language complexity.

A History of the Chinese Language

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317743903
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the Chinese Language by : Hongyuan Dong

Download or read book A History of the Chinese Language written by Hongyuan Dong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A History of the Chinese Language provides a comprehensive introduction to the historical development of the Chinese language from its proto Sino-Tibetan roots in prehistoric times to Modern Standard Chinese. Taking a highly accessible and balanced approach, it presents a chronological survey of the various stages of Chinese language development, covering crucial aspects such as phonology, syntax and semantics. Features include: Coverage of the key historical stages in Chinese language development, such as Old Chinese, Middle Chinese, Early Modern Chinese, Classical Chinese and Modern Standard Chinese Treatment of core linguistic aspects of the Chinese language including phonological changes, grammatical development, lexical evolution, vernacular writing, Chinese characters and Modern Chinese dialects Inclusion of many authentic Chinese legends and texts throughout the book, presented through a rigorous framework of linguistic analysis to help students to build up strong critical and evaluative skills and acquire valuable cultural knowledge Integration of materials from different disciplines, such as archaeology, anthropology, history and sociolinguistics, to highlight the cultural and social background of each period of the language Helpful appendices to aid students with no prior knowledge of linguistics or the Chinese language Companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/dong offering a wealth of supplementary resources such as additional exercises, answer keys and audio recordings of the sounds of Middle and Old Chinese. Written by a highly experienced instructor, A History of the Chinese Language will be an essential resource for beginning students of Chinese Language and Linguistics and for anyone interested in the history and culture of China.

Introduction to Chinese Dialectology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Chinese Dialectology by : Margaret Mian Yan

Download or read book Introduction to Chinese Dialectology written by Margaret Mian Yan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Jin Chinese Grammar I

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000733246
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Jin Chinese Grammar I by : Xing Xiangdong

Download or read book Jin Chinese Grammar I written by Xing Xiangdong and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-23 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first volume of a two-volume set that synchronically and diachronically studies the Jin dialect of Northern Shaanxi Province in China, with a focus on the grammatical features of pronouns, aspect and appearance, and the system of tenses. The Jin dialect of Northern Shaanxi is one of the most ancient, complicated, and representative dialects of the Yellow River region and figures prominently in our understanding of the Jin dialect and northern Chinese dialects as a whole. This volume first elucidates the semantic and dialectal differences in personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, and interrogative pronouns, as well as the special linguistic origins of the pronouns. The following chapter elaborates the different devices to express the status of realizing, accomplishing, lasting, and momentum-reducing as well as differences among similar aspectual markers and dialects. The final chapter examines the tense system, including anterior (past), posterior (future), and simple (present) tenses, the markers of which differ from each other in their syntactic representations. The book will be a useful reference for scholars and students interested in Jin dialects, Chinese dialects, and Chinese linguistics.

CHINESE DIALECTS AND CULTURE

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Publisher : American Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1631818848
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis CHINESE DIALECTS AND CULTURE by : ZHENHE ZHOU

Download or read book CHINESE DIALECTS AND CULTURE written by ZHENHE ZHOU and published by American Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mainly focuses on the close relationship between Chinese dialects and Chinese culture. It reveals,on the one hand, a long, rich and splendid Chinese culture from the perspective of Chinese dialects; on the other hand, it unveils the evolution, the development of Chinese dialects as well as their diversity and charm at the cultural angle. By combining the study of Chinese dialects with that of the history of Chinese culture, the author attempts to explore the cultural background of Chinese dialects’ formation and evolution,and at the same time, the author attempts to view Chinese dialects as the key access to find solutions to related questions appeared in the history of Chinese culture. Thus, it not only opens a new research scope for the Chinese dialectology, but it also finds a new path for the study of cultural history. The book is the first of its kind to create the concept of cultural linguistics, which leads to a new era of combined research on both language and culture.

Common Phonology of the Chinese Dialects

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811531021
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Common Phonology of the Chinese Dialects by : Qian Gu

Download or read book Common Phonology of the Chinese Dialects written by Qian Gu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comparative reconstruction of the common phonology of the Chinese dialects using representative data from living dialects. The resulting phonology includes all categories and phonological distinctions that are represented in the dialect data. It departs from the tradition of using philological sources and non-Chinese borrowings as the basis for a reconstructed system. Based on a strict comparative methodology, the phonology presented encapsulates the shared phonology of the dialects and reflects the real-world distinctions and categories found in the living dialects. For example, the initials preserve the tripartite division that includes voiced obstruents seen in Wú dialects; the finals are comparatively drawn based on the collective dialect data; and the syllable codas preserve the three-way contrasts of consonant stop endings seen in the Cantonese dialects. The data presented allows readers to observe the basis for all of the distinction and categories included in the common phonology and the relationship of that phonology to all of the dialects, and as a result to identify the dialects’ disparate developments and evolution. The English translation also includes innovative elements that render it even more useful for researchers than the Chinese original. The book is primarily intended for scholars and researchers investigating the Chinese dialects and their relationships, and the history of Chinese. It is also useful for scholars of Chinese history and literature who need a handy resource providing essential information on the historical phonology of Chinese.

Journal of Chinese Linguistics

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Journal of Chinese Linguistics by :

Download or read book Journal of Chinese Linguistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004360883
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse by : Wendan Li

Download or read book Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse written by Wendan Li and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Grounding in Chinese Written Narrative Discourse Wendan Li offers a comprehensive account of how Chinese, as a morphologically challenged language, uses grammatical means to highlight (or foreground) major events of a narrative and to demote (or background) other supporting descriptions.

The Chinese Aspectual System

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811634093
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chinese Aspectual System by : Hongzhi Xu

Download or read book The Chinese Aspectual System written by Hongzhi Xu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a theoretical study on aspect in Chinese, including both situation and viewpoint aspects. Unlike previous studies, which have largely classified linguistic units into different situation types, this study defines a set of ontological event types that are conceptually universal and on the basis of which different languages employ various linguistic devices to describe such events. To do so, it focuses on a particular component of events, namely the viewpoint aspect. It includes and discusses a wealth of examples to show how such ontological events are realized in Chinese. In addition, the study discusses how Chinese modal verbs and adverbs affect the distribution of viewpoint aspects associated with certain situation types. In turn, the book demonstrates how the proposed linguistic theory can be used in a computational context. Simply identifying events in terms of the verbs and their arguments is insufficient for real situations such as understanding the factivity and the logical/temporal relations between events. The proposed framework offers the possibility of analyzing events in Chinese text, yielding deep semantic information.

A Grammar of Shaowu

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Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 150151248X
Total Pages : 733 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis A Grammar of Shaowu by : Sing Sing Ngai

Download or read book A Grammar of Shaowu written by Sing Sing Ngai and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-09-20 with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive grammar of Shaowu, a Min language spoken in Shaowu city and its environs in northwestern Fujian province, China. The book offers first-hand linguistic data collected over four years in the field, now placed at the disposal of researchers and students working in language documentation, comparative linguistics and Sinitic typology. It can serve as a reference grammar for those interested in learning the Shaowu language, thereby helping to preserve it. In addition, the book provides insights into Shaowu's classification which has been widely debated, thus elucidating its genetic affiliation. The book first presents Shaowu's geography, demography and history. It then profiles the language's phonology and lexicon, before providing a detailed description of its syntax, notably on its nominal, predicate, clausal and complex sentence structures, which are the focus of the book. The typological profile of Shaowu is also treated with the conclusion that the language has Gan, Hakka, Mandarin and even some Wu overlays on its Min base. The Shaowu language serves an excellent example to illustrate the degree of hybridity a language can attain due to intensive language contact over time.

A History of the Chinese Language

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429559682
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the Chinese Language by : Hongyuan Dong

Download or read book A History of the Chinese Language written by Hongyuan Dong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-31 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A History of the Chinese Language provides a comprehensive introduction to the historical development of the Chinese language from its Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots in prehistoric times to Modern Standard Chinese. Taking a highly accessible and balanced approach, it presents a chronological survey of the various stages of the Chinese language, covering key aspects such as phonology, syntax, and semantics. The second edition presents a revised and updated version that reflects recent scholarship in Chinese historical linguistics and new developments in related disciplines. Features include: Coverage of the major historical stages in Chinese language development, such as Old Chinese, Middle Chinese, Early Modern Chinese, and Modern Standard Chinese. Treatment of core linguistic aspects of the Chinese language, including phonological changes, grammatical development, lexical evolution, vernacular writing, the Chinese writing system, and Chinese dialects. Inclusion of authentic Chinese texts throughout the book, presented within a rigorous framework of linguistic analysis to help students to build up critical and evaluative skills and acquire valuable cultural knowledge. Integration of materials from different disciplines, such as archaeology, genetics, history, and sociolinguistics, to highlight the cultural and social background of each period of the language. Written by a highly experienced instructor, A History of the Chinese Language will be an essential resource for students of Chinese language and linguistics and for anyone interested in the history and culture of China.

The Evolution of Grammar

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226086658
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Grammar by : Joan Bybee

Download or read book The Evolution of Grammar written by Joan Bybee and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-11-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joan Bybee and her colleagues present a new theory of the evolution of grammar that links structure and meaning in a way that directly challenges most contemporary versions of generative grammar. This study focuses on the use and meaning of grammatical markers of tense, aspect, and modality and identifies a universal set of grammatical categories. The authors demonstrate that the semantic content of these categories evolves gradually and that this process of evolution is strikingly similar across unrelated languages. Through a survey of seventy-six languages in twenty-five different phyla, the authors show that the same paths of change occur universally and that movement along these paths is in one direction only. This analysis reveals that lexical substance evolves into grammatical substance through various mechanisms of change, such as metaphorical extension and the conventionalization of implicature. Grammaticization is always accompanied by an increase in frequency of the grammatical marker, providing clear evidence that language use is a major factor in the evolution of synchronic language states. The Evolution of Grammar has important implications for the development of language and for the study of cognitive processes in general.

The Roots of Old Chinese

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027236909
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis The Roots of Old Chinese by : Laurent Sagart

Download or read book The Roots of Old Chinese written by Laurent Sagart and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phonology, morphology and lexicon of late Zhou Chinese are examined in this volume. It is argued that a proper understanding of Old Chinese morphology is essential in correctly reconstructing the phonology. Based on evidence from word-families, modern dialects and related words in neighboring languages, Old Chinese words are claimed to consist of a monosyllabic root, to which a variety of derivational affixes attached. This made Old Chinese typologically more like modern languages such as Khmer, Gyarong or Atayal, than like Middle and modern Chinese, where only faint traces of the old morphology remain. In the first part of the book, the author proposes improvements to Baxter's system of reconstruction, regarding complex initials and rhymes, and then reviews in great detail the Old Chinese affixal morphology. New proposals on phonology and morphology are integrated into a coherent reconstruction system. The second part of the book consists of etymological studies of important lexical items in Old Chinese. The author demonstrates in particular the role of proportional analogy in the formation of the system of personal pronouns. Special attention is paid to contact phenomena between Chinese and neighboring languages, and — unlike most literature on Sino-Tibetan — the author identifies numerous Chinese loanwords into Tibeto-Burman. The book, which contains a lengthy list of reconstructions, an index of characters and a general index, is intended for linguists and cultural historians, as well as advanced students.

A Reference Grammar of Chinese

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316395251
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)

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Book Synopsis A Reference Grammar of Chinese by : Chu-Ren Huang

Download or read book A Reference Grammar of Chinese written by Chu-Ren Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Reference Grammar of Chinese is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the linguistic structure of Chinese, covering all of the important linguistic features of the language and incorporating insights gained from research in Chinese linguistics over the past thirty years. With contributions from twenty-two leading Chinese linguists, this authoritative guide uses large-scale corpora to provide authentic examples based on actual language use. The accompanying online example databases ensure that a wide range of exemplars are readily available and also allow for new usages to be updated. This design offers a new paradigm for a reference grammar where generalizations can be cross-checked with additional examples and also provide resources for both linguistic studies and language learning. Featuring bilingual term lists, this reference grammar helps readers to access relevant literature in both English and Chinese and is an invaluable reference for learners, teachers and researchers in Chinese linguistics and language processing.