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The Development And Use Of Distribution System Models For Improving The Security Of Drinking Water System
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Book Synopsis The Development and Use of Distribution System Models for Improving the Security of Drinking Water System by : John S. Frazey
Download or read book The Development and Use of Distribution System Models for Improving the Security of Drinking Water System written by John S. Frazey and published by . This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guidance was developed for water system distribution software application to security related uses. This guidance was broken into four uses: model development, pre-scenario analysis, post-scenario analysis, and detector placement analysis. This guidance allows a water utility to take a water modeling program, develop it, and then analyze how water systems will respond to different water security scenarios. This will help the utility determinate areas of vulnerability. This guidance will also allow the utility to evaluate the siting of detectors. Additionally, it will also allow analysis of post-scenario responses to determine the travel of any contaminant that may have been introduced into the system. The detectability of Cryptosporidium parvum was then analyzed using normally water quality parameters, including turbidity, total organic carbon, pH, chlorine residual, and conductivity. The detection levels for this contaminant was then calculated, which was based on a statistically significant change in these parameters. This statistically significant change was the 3-sigma value. C,yptosporidium parvum was analyzed in the model using the modeling guidance with four different scenarios that were developed to determine the influence of feed methodology and location. The assumptions of the amount of Cryptosporidium parvum that could potentially be available were determined from the literature review. The results of the modeling showed that the Cryptosporidium parvum would be capable of producing widespread system contamination. This type of contamination would not likely produce a large number of fatalities, but there would be widespread illnesses caused throughout the system. It was found that contamination efficacy is dependent more on location of the backflow rather than the pumping method. The detection methods evaluated would detect the contaminant, but at concentrations much greater than the infective dose.
Book Synopsis The Development and Use of Distribution System Models for Improving the Security of Drinking Water Systems by : John S. Frazey
Download or read book The Development and Use of Distribution System Models for Improving the Security of Drinking Water Systems written by John S. Frazey and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Review of the EPA Water Security Research and Technical Support Action Plan by : National Research Council
Download or read book A Review of the EPA Water Security Research and Technical Support Action Plan written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report examines a draft plan, prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency, that identifies critical security issues for drinking water and wastewater and outlines related research and technical support needs. This report recommends increased attention to interagency coordination and encourages additional consideration of current restrictions on secure information dissemination. It further suggests that EPA incorporate the results of their research activities into an integrated water security guidance document to improve support for water and wastewater utilities.
Book Synopsis Drinking Water Distribution Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Water and Wastewater Systems Protection by : Robert M. Clark
Download or read book Handbook of Water and Wastewater Systems Protection written by Robert M. Clark and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the events of 9/11, the Administrator of the US Environmental Protection Agency created the Water Protection Task Force (WPTF), which identified water and wastewater systems as a major area of vulnerability to deliberate attack. The WPTF suggested that there are steps that can be taken to reduce these vulnerabilities and to make it as difficult as possible for potential saboteurs to succeed. The WPTF recommended that be scrutinized with renewed vigor to secure water and wastewater systems against these possible threats. It also recommended that water and wastewater systems have a response plan in place in the event an act of terrorism occurs. The WPTF identified water distribution networks as an area of special vulnerability and highlighted the need for rapid on-line detection methods that are accurate and have a wide detection range. As a result of these recommendations novel technologies from various fields of science and engineering are now addressing water security issues and water and wastewater utilities are looking for innovative solutions. Once such technologies are available, there will be a rapid implementation process that will present many business opportunities for the private sector. However, in addition to terrorist threats water and wastewater systems are inherently vulnerable to natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. This volume will address the problems associated with both intended terrorist attacks and natural disasters affecting water or wastewater systems. The book is divided into parts based on the kinds of threats facing water and wastewater systems: (1) a direct attack on water and wastewater infrastructure storage reservoirs, and distribution and collection networks; (2) a cyber attack disabling the functionality of the water and wastewater systems or taking over control of key components which might result in system failures; and (3) a deliberate chemical or biological contaminant injection at one of the water distribution system’s nodes. It will examine unique plans, technological and managerial innovations for protecting such systems, and includes descriptions of projects that were implemented to respond to natural disasters. Case studies are presented that discuss existing projects and evaluate their performance, with an emphasis on providing guidelines and techniques that can be implemented by water and wastewater planners and managers to deal with natural and manmade disasters should they occur.
Book Synopsis Improving the Nation's Water Security by : National Research Council
Download or read book Improving the Nation's Water Security written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-15 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern over terrorist attacks since 2001 has directed attention to potential vulnerabilities of the nation's water and wastewater systems. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which leads federal efforts to protect the water sector, initiated a research program in 2002 to address immediate research and technical support needs. This report, conducted at EPA's request, evaluates research progress and provides a long-term vision for EPA's research program. The report recommends that EPA develop a strategic research plan, address gaps in expertise among EPA program managers and researchers, and improve its approaches to information dissemination. The report recommends several high-priority research topics for EPA, including conducting empirical research in behavioral science to better understand how to prepare people for water security incidents.
Book Synopsis Drinking Water Distribution Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-22 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Book Synopsis Development of Distribution System Water Quality Optimization Plans by : Melinda J. Friedman
Download or read book Development of Distribution System Water Quality Optimization Plans written by Melinda J. Friedman and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2005 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CD-ROM contains chapter 4 and appendices A & B.
Book Synopsis Drinking Water by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Drinking Water written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Security of Water Supply Systems: from Source to Tap by : Jaroslav Pollert
Download or read book Security of Water Supply Systems: from Source to Tap written by Jaroslav Pollert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reality of the post-September 11 situation forces the operators of water supply systems through the world to examine the security and safety of their systems, its vulnerability to intentional interference and sabotage with respect to quantity and quality of potable water. In assessing system vulnerability, there is an urgent need to develop emergency response plans providing ways and means for alternative water supply at the moment of system operation disruption, and system remediation and recovery after the attack. Security of Water Supply Systems: from Source to Tap presents the state-of-the art with a view to the future, conclusions from past experiences are highlighted and future developments are suggested in the field of drinking water safety.
Book Synopsis Wiley Handbook of Science and Technology for Homeland Security, 4 Volume Set by : John G. Voeller
Download or read book Wiley Handbook of Science and Technology for Homeland Security, 4 Volume Set written by John G. Voeller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-12 with total page 2950 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Handbook of Science and Technology for Homeland Security is an essential and timely collection of resources designed to support the effective communication of homeland security research across all disciplines and institutional boundaries. Truly a unique work this 4 volume set focuses on the science behind safety, security, and recovery from both man-made and natural disasters has a broad scope and international focus. The Handbook: Educates researchers in the critical needs of the homeland security and intelligence communities and the potential contributions of their own disciplines Emphasizes the role of fundamental science in creating novel technological solutions Details the international dimensions of homeland security and counterterrorism research Provides guidance on technology diffusion from the laboratory to the field Supports cross-disciplinary dialogue in this field between operational, R&D and consumer communities
Book Synopsis Drinking water experts' views on how future federal funding can best be spent to improve security. by :
Download or read book Drinking water experts' views on how future federal funding can best be spent to improve security. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drinking water utilities across the country have long been recognized as potentially vulnerable to terrorist attacks of various types, including physical disruption, bioterrorism, chemical contamination, and cyber attack. Damage or destruction by terrorists could disrupt not only the availability of safe drinking water, but also the delivery of vital services that depend on these water supplies, such as fire suppression. Such concerns were greatly amplified by the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and then by the discovery of training manuals in Afghanistan detailing how terrorist trainees could support attacks on drinking water systems.
Book Synopsis Public Water Supply Distribution Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Public Water Supply Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-05-12 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Water Science and Technology Board has released the first report of the Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks, which is studying water quality issues associated with public water supply distribution systems and their potential risks to consumers. The distribution system, which is a critical component of every drinking water utility, constitutes a significant management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. This first report was requested by the EPA, as the agency considers revisions to the Total Coliform Rule with potential new requirements for ensuring the integrity of the distribution system. This first report identifies trends relevant to the deterioration of drinking water quality in distribution systems and prioritizes issues of greatest concern according to high, medium, and low priority categories. Of the issues presented in nine EPA white papers that were reviewed by the committee, cross connections and backflow, new or repaired water mains, and finished water storage facilities were judged by the committee to be of the highest importance based on their associated potential health risks. In addition, the report noted that two other issues should also be accorded high priority: premise plumbing and distribution system operator training. This first report will be followed in about 18 months by a more comprehensive final report that evaluates approaches for risk characterization and identifies strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events.
Book Synopsis Global Water Security by : World Water Council
Download or read book Global Water Security written by World Water Council and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the relationship between the water sector and various other sectors in order to establish an improved understanding of the importance of water resources as an essential cross-cutting vector of socio-economic development. The book is both policy and practice oriented and is not constrained by existing definitions on water security. It includes actual experiences of policy, management, development and governance decisions taken within the water sector, and examples on how these have affected the energy and agricultural sectors as well as impacted the environment, and vice versa, as appropriate. It also discusses trade-offs, short and long-term implications, lessons learnt, and the way forward. The book includes case studies on cities, countries and regions such as Australia, China, Singapore, Central Asia, Morocco, Southern Africa, France, Latin America, Brazil and California.
Book Synopsis The Budget of the United States Government by : United States. Office of Management and Budget
Download or read book The Budget of the United States Government written by United States. Office of Management and Budget and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :912 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2009 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2009 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Securing Water and Wastewater Systems by : Robert M. Clark
Download or read book Securing Water and Wastewater Systems written by Robert M. Clark and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban water and wastewater systems have an inherent vulnerability to both manmade and natural threats and disasters including droughts, earthquakes and terrorist attacks. It is well established that natural disasters including major storms, such as hurricanes and flooding, can effect water supply security and integrity. Earthquakes and terrorist attacks have many characteristics in common because they are almost impossible to predict and can cause major devastation and confusion. Terrorism is also a major threat to water security and recent attention has turned to the potential that these attacks have for disrupting urban water supplies. There is a need to introduce the related concept of Integrated Water Resources Management which emphasizes linkages between land-use change and hydrological systems, between ecosystems and human health, and between political and scientific aspects of water management. An expanded water security agenda should include a conceptual focus on vulnerability, risk, and resilience; an emphasis on threats, shocks, and tipping points; and a related emphasis on adaptive management given limited predictability. Internationally, concerns about water have often taken a different focus and there is also a growing awareness, including in the US, that water security should include issues related to quantity, climate change, and biodiversity impacts, in addition to terrorism. This presents contributions from a group of internationally recognized experts that attempt to address the four areas listed above and includes suggestions as to how to deal with related problems. It also addresses the new and potentially growing issue of cyber attacks against water and waste water infrastructure including descriptions of actual attacks, making it of interest to scholars and policy-makers concerned with protecting the water supply.
