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The Detection Of Crevice Corrosion In Titanium And Its Alloys Through The Use Of Potential Monitoring
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Book Synopsis The Detection of Crevice Corrosion in Titanium and Its Alloys Through the Use of Potential Monitoring by : Dave D. Bergman
Download or read book The Detection of Crevice Corrosion in Titanium and Its Alloys Through the Use of Potential Monitoring written by Dave D. Bergman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook by : R. Winston Revie
Download or read book Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook written by R. Winston Revie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-12 with total page 1299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a reference for engineers, scientists, and students concerned with the use of materials in applications where reliability and resistance to corrosion are important. It updates the coverage of its predecessor, including coverage of: corrosion rates of steel in major river systems and atmospheric corrosion rates, the corrosion behavior of materials such as weathering steels and newer stainless alloys, and the corrosion behavior and engineering approaches to corrosion control for nonmetallic materials. New chapters include: high-temperature oxidation of metals and alloys, nanomaterials, and dental materials, anodic protection. Also featured are chapters dealing with standards for corrosion testing, microbiological corrosion, and electrochemical noise.
Book Synopsis Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials by : Lloyd H. Hihara
Download or read book Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials written by Lloyd H. Hihara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the main, ongoing challenges for any engineering enterprise is that systems are built of materials subject to environmental degradation. Whether working with an airframe, integrated circuit, bridge, prosthetic device, or implantable drug-delivery system, understanding the chemical stability of materials remains a key element in determining their useful life. Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials is a monumental work for the field, providing comprehensive coverage of the environmental impacts on the full breadth of materials used for engineering infrastructure, buildings, machines, and components. The book discusses fundamental degradation processes and presents examples of degradation under various environmental conditions. Each chapter presents the basic properties of the class of material, followed by detailed characteristics of degradation, guidelines on how to protect against corrosion, and a description of testing procedures. A complete, self-contained industrial reference guide, this valuable resource is designed for students and professionals interested in the development of deterioration-resistant technological systems constructed with metallurgical, polymeric, ceramic, and natural materials.
Book Synopsis Titanium '92, Science and Technology by : F. H. Froes
Download or read book Titanium '92, Science and Technology written by F. H. Froes and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corrosion of Titanium by : J. D. Jackson
Download or read book Corrosion of Titanium written by J. D. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identification of Crevice Corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 Titanium in Simulated Rock Salt Brine at 150°C by : TM. Ahn
Download or read book Identification of Crevice Corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 Titanium in Simulated Rock Salt Brine at 150°C written by TM. Ahn and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ASTM Grade 12- titanium (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) is a candidate corrosion resistant material for high-level nuclear waste containers which will be emplaced in mined geologic repositories such as those in rock salt. The crevice corrosion behavior of this alloy was investigated in simulated rock salt brine solutions at a temperature of 150°C. A distinct corrosion product with a range of interference colors was observed in a mechanically simulated crevice after two- to four-weeks' exposure. Low pH (~4) accelerated the reaction rate, and deaerated solutions gave less voluminous corrosion than aerated ones. Also, increasing specimen size, decreasing crevice gap, and preoxidation of the cathodic area gave more crevice attack. Higher temperatures (~250°C) do not necessarily accelerate crevice corrosion. These results are consistent with those expected from macroscopic concentration cell formation accompanied by oxygen depletion, potential drop, and acidification inside the crevice. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron icroscopy (SEM) techniques were extensively utilized to identify the film formed inside the crevice at each stage of the corrosion process. In the early stage of cell formation, anatase-type titanium dioxide TiO2 was formed which acted as a barrier to further corrosion inside the crevice. Traces of titanium pentoxide (Ti3O5) were also identified. In the case of severe crevice corrosion, the corrosion product was identified as the rutile form of TiO2 which is not an effective barrier to further corrosion. Measurements of the open circuit corrosion potential at 80°C implied that there is a breakdown of the passive film as the pH of the brine falls below unity, based on the mixed potential theory. The observation of pitting inside the crevice supports the depassivation hypothesis. Accelerated hydrogen uptake was observed in the crevice region. This was caused by breakdown of the passive film or by high acidity in the crevice. Based on these observations, and pH and potential measurements inside the crevice of commercially pure titanium by other workers, a mechanism for crevice corrosion in ASTM Grade-12 titanium has been developed. It involves the initial formation of compact anatase crystals inside the crevice. As the macroscopic cell develops further, it is postulated that either the anatase form of TiO2 will transform to the lower oxide Ti3O5 or to the rutile form of TiO2, or alternatively titanium dissolves into the solution after the breakdown of the protective film and subsequent hydrolysis takes place to form the lower oxide and the rutile form of TiO2. The role of alloying elements (molybdenum and nickel) and dissolved species are discussed with respect to these postulations.
Book Synopsis Corrosion Tests and Standards by : Robert Baboian
Download or read book Corrosion Tests and Standards written by Robert Baboian and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2005 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Temperature, Impurities, and Alloying Elements on the Crevice Corrosion of Alpha Titanium Alloys by : Xihua He
Download or read book Effects of Temperature, Impurities, and Alloying Elements on the Crevice Corrosion of Alpha Titanium Alloys written by Xihua He and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a study of the crevice corrosion behaviour of commercially pure titanium, Ti Grade-2 (Ti-2), and two Ti dilute alloys, Ti Grade-12 (Ti-12, Ti-0.8Ni-0.3Mo), and Ti Grade-7 (Ti-7, Ti-0.15Pd) in air saturated 0.27 mol/dm3 NaCI solution using a galvanic coupling technique. Various aspects of the crevice corrosion process were studied to understand the primary factors that influence titanium's susceptibility to this form of corrosion and to determine the conditions under which crevice attack is possible. First, the temperature dependence of crevice corrosion initiation and propagation on Ti Grade-2 has been studied in detail. Crevice corrosion experiments in which the temperature was increased and decreased in steps over the temperature range 55 degrees C to 95 degrees C have identified a temperature threshold of 65 degrees C for the initiation of crevice corrosion. This is based on the onset (increasing temperature) and disappearance (decreasing temperature) of film breakdown/repassivation microtransients generated inside the crevice. Consistent with the initiation of crevice corrosion, the passive film resistance dropped significantly at T>: 65 degrees C accompanied by water incorporation into the oxide film. Early initiation occurred at individual sites around the edge of the crevice, and the acidity that consequently developed spreads towards the central region of the crevice. Then, the microstructure and crevice corrosion behaviour of three Ti-2 materials containing different levels ofFe as impurity (0.04 - 0.12 wt%), were studied. The grain size decreased significantly with increasing iron content. Crevice corrosion was initiatedon all three materials at 70 ± 5 degrees C. Crevice corrosion of Ti-2 with an Fe content of 0.078 wt% (medium Fe content) was initiated at the lowest temperature and exhibited extensive intergranular attack due to the accumulation ofFe in the grain boundaries. Ti-2 with a low iron content (0.042 wt%) was free of intergranular attack. By contrast, corrosion damage was more localized along the periphery of the crevice for Ti-2 with an Fe content of 0.12 wt% (high Fe content), and the crevice corrosion resistance was greatly enhanced. By performing a series of crevice corrosion experiments combined with metallographic and image analysis techniques on Ti-2 with Fe 0.078 wt%, a damage function relating the maximum penetration depth to the duration of propagation was developed for crevice corrosion. The damage function showed two distinct stages. In the first stage, penetration was rapid due to the intergranular nature of the penetrating front on this material. On the second stage, penetration was greatly limited by IR (ohmic) effects at the corroding sites. Thirdly the crevice corrosion behaviour of Ti-12 was studied. Crevice corrosion on Ti-12 initiated a similar temperature to that observed for Ti-2, -70 degrees C, but showed a higher resistance to crevice propagation. The propagation process was independent of temperature. The crevice attack appeared in the form of rectangular-shaped pits with limited propagation. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) mapping of elemental distributions on the surfaces of these pits suggested that the accumulation of Ni and Mo at the bottom of pits was the cause for the limited penetration depth. For this material, propagation driven by internal proton reduction was the predominant process. Lastly the high temperature corrosion of Ti-7 under both planar and creviced conditions was studied. Despite the presence of Pd, Ti-7 showed some general corrosion activity in the NaCI solution as indicated by oxide film breakdown/repassivation transients. The transient activity increased with temperature. Overall, however, these transients did not have a major degrading effect on the oxide film. The material remained passive under open circuit conditions. Ti-7 was also found not immune to crevice corrosion. For temperatures above 80 degrees C, it showed minor reactivity within the crevice. The crevice attack on Ti-7 appeared as very shallow pits with penetration depths
Book Synopsis LaQue's Handbook of Marine Corrosion by : David A. Shifler
Download or read book LaQue's Handbook of Marine Corrosion written by David A. Shifler and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of LaQue's classic text on marine corrosion, providing fully updated control engineering practices and applications Extensively updated throughout, the second edition of La Que's Handbook of Marine Corrosion remains the standard single-source reference on the unique nature of seawater as a corrosive environment. Designed to help readers reduce operational and life cycle costs for materials in marine environments, this authoritative resource provides clear guidance on design, materials selection, and implementation of corrosion control engineering practices for materials in atmospheric, immersion, or wetted marine environments. Completely rewritten for the 21st century, this new edition reflects current environmental regulations, best practices, materials, and processes, with special emphasis placed on the engineering, behavior, and practical applications of materials. Divided into three parts, the book first explains the fundamentals of corrosion in marine environments, including atmospheric corrosion, erosion, microbiological corrosion, fatigue, environmental cracking, and cathodic delamination. The second part discusses corrosion control methods and materials selection that can mitigate or eliminate corrosion in different marine environments. The third section provides the reader with specific applications of corrosion engineering to structures, systems, or components that exist in marine environments. This much-needed new edition: Presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the science and engineering aspects of marine corrosion Focuses on engineering aspects, descriptive behavior, and practical applications of materials usage in marine environments Addresses the various materials used in marine environments, including metals, polymers, alloys, coatings, and composites Incorporates current regulations, standards, and recommended practices of numerous organizations such as ASTM International, the US Navy, the American Bureau of Shipping, the International Organization for Standardization, and the International Maritime Organization Written in a clear and understandable style, La Que's Handbook of Marine Corrosion, Second Edition is an indispensable resource for engineers and materials scientists in disciplines spanning the naval, maritime, commercial, shipping industries, particularly corrosion engineers, ship designers, naval architects, marine engineers, oceanographers, and other professionals involved with products that operate in marine environments.
Book Synopsis Structural Health Monitoring Damage Detection Systems for Aerospace by : Markus G. R. Sause
Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring Damage Detection Systems for Aerospace written by Markus G. R. Sause and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents established methods of structural health monitoring (SHM) and discusses their technological merit in the current aerospace environment. While the aerospace industry aims for weight reduction to improve fuel efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and to decrease maintenance time and operating costs, aircraft structures are often designed and built heavier than required in order to accommodate unpredictable failure. A way to overcome this approach is the use of SHM systems to detect the presence of defects. This book covers all major contemporary aerospace-relevant SHM methods, from the basics of each method to the various defect types that SHM is required to detect to discussion of signal processing developments alongside considerations of aerospace safety requirements. It will be of interest to professionals in industry and academic researchers alike, as well as engineering students. This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action CA18203 (ODIN - http://odin-cost.com/), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. Our Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation.
Book Synopsis Site Characterization Progress Report by :
Download or read book Site Characterization Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Oxidation and Contamination of Titanium and Its Alloys by : J. M. Ferguson
Download or read book The Oxidation and Contamination of Titanium and Its Alloys written by J. M. Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental programs concerned with the oxidation of titanium and its alloys are reviewed and results compared with those predicted by theory. Wagner-Hauffe theory is used as the primary basis for comparison, and its inconsistencies are pointed out. Fifteen binary alloy systems involving titanium are covered, as well as a few ternary and commercial alloys. A short section discusses the effects of oxygen or nitrogen contamination on the mechanical properties of titanium and its alloys. (Author).
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crevice Corrosion and the Lifetime Performance of Titanium Nuclear Waste Containers (Corrosion Cacerneuse Et Comportement Pendant la Duree de Vie Des Conteneurs de Dechets Nucleaires Fabriques en Titane) by : Brian Minoru Ikeda
Download or read book Crevice Corrosion and the Lifetime Performance of Titanium Nuclear Waste Containers (Corrosion Cacerneuse Et Comportement Pendant la Duree de Vie Des Conteneurs de Dechets Nucleaires Fabriques en Titane) written by Brian Minoru Ikeda and published by Pinawa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories. This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Crevice Corrosion of Titanium by : WK. Boyd
Download or read book Crevice Corrosion of Titanium written by WK. Boyd and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crevice attack of titanium and its alloys has been observed in high-temperature chloride solutions, chlorine gas, and certain acid environments. In chloride solutions, the attack becomes more severe as concentration and temperature increase. For chlorine gas, water is found to be an effective inhibitor.
Book Synopsis Chemical and Galvanic Corrosion Properties of Titanium Alloys by : Charles B. Kenahan
Download or read book Chemical and Galvanic Corrosion Properties of Titanium Alloys written by Charles B. Kenahan and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relative Corrosion Resistance of Titanium and Some of Its Alloys by : Lex B. Golden
Download or read book The Relative Corrosion Resistance of Titanium and Some of Its Alloys written by Lex B. Golden and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
