Business Regulation and Public Policy

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387776788
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Business Regulation and Public Policy by : André Nijsen

Download or read book Business Regulation and Public Policy written by André Nijsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-03 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years, businesses have complained about the costs of regulatory compliance. On the other hand, society is becoming increasingly aware of the environmental, safety, health, financial, and other risks of business activity. Government oversight seems to be one of the answers to safeguard against these risks. But how can we deregulate and regulate without jeopardizing our public goals or acting as a brake on economic growth? Many instruments are available to assess the effects of laws regulating business, including the regulatory impact assessment (RIA), which contains cost/benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, risk analysis, and cost assessments. This book argues that public goals will be achieved more effectively if compliance costs of the enterprises are as low as possible. Highlighting examples from a wide spectrum of industries and countries, the authors propose a new kind of RIA, the business impact assessment (BIA), designed to improve both business and public policy decision making.

The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries by : Keith Eugene Maskus

Download or read book The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries written by Keith Eugene Maskus and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Standards and technical regulations exist to protect consumer safety or to achieve other goals, such as ensuring the interoperability of telecommunications systems, for example. Standards and technical regulations can, however, raise substantially both start-up and production costs for firms. Maskus, Otsuki, and Wilson develop econometric models to provide the first estimates of the incremental production costs for firms in developing nations in conforming to standards imposed by major importing countries. They use firm-level data generated from 16 developing countries in the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Survey Database. Their findings indicate that standards do increase short-run production costs by requiring additional inputs of labor and capital. A 1 percent increase in investment to meet compliance costs in importing countries raises variable production costs by between 0.06 and 0.13 percent, a statistically significant increase. The authors also find that the fixed costs of compliance are nontrivial-approximately.

The Cambridge Handbook of Compliance

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108754139
Total Pages : 1559 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Compliance by : Benjamin van Rooij

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Compliance written by Benjamin van Rooij and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-20 with total page 1559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compliance has become key to our contemporary markets, societies, and modes of governance across a variety of public and private domains. While this has stimulated a rich body of empirical and practical expertise on compliance, thus far, there has been no comprehensive understanding of what compliance is or how it influences various fields and sectors. The academic knowledge of compliance has remained siloed along different disciplinary domains, regulatory and legal spheres, and mechanisms and interventions. This handbook bridges these divides to provide the first one-stop overview of what compliance is, how we can best study it, and the core mechanisms that shape it. Written by leading experts, chapters offer perspectives from across law, regulatory studies, management science, criminology, economics, sociology, and psychology. This volume is the definitive and comprehensive account of compliance.

OECD Regulatory Compliance Cost Assessment Guidance

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Author :
Publisher : OCDE
ISBN 13 : 9789264209640
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Regulatory Compliance Cost Assessment Guidance by : Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Download or read book OECD Regulatory Compliance Cost Assessment Guidance written by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and published by OCDE. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments across the OECD and beyond are increasingly concerned with controlling and reducing regulatory costs in order to create a more favourable business environment, thereby improve the conditions for inclusive growth. They must work to systematically adopt better regulatory choices, ensuring that the most cost-effective and efficient options are chosen in all areas of regulation. A key component of regulatory costs are the costs associated with regulatory compliance. This guidance document provides a practical, technical and user-friendly guidance on measuring and reducing compliance costs of regulation in OECD countries.

The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries by : Keith E. Maskus

Download or read book The Cost of Compliance with Product Standards for Firms in Developing Countries written by Keith E. Maskus and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standards and technical regulations exist to protect consumer safety or to achieve other goals, such as ensuring the interoperability of telecommunications systems, for example. Standards and technical regulations can, however, raise substantially both start-up and production costs for firms. Maskus, Otsuki, and Wilson develop econometric models to provide the first estimates of the incremental production costs for firms in developing nations in conforming to standards imposed by major importing countries. They use firm-level data generated from 16 developing countries in the World Bank Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Survey Database. Their findings indicate that standards do increase short-run production costs by requiring additional inputs of labor and capital. A 1 percent increase in investment to meet compliance costs in importing countries raises variable production costs by between 0.06 and 0.13 percent, a statistically significant increase. The authors also find that the fixed costs of compliance are nontrivial-approximately $425,000 per firm, or about 4.7 percent of value added on average. The results may be interpreted as one indication of the extent to which standards and technical regulations might constitute barriers to trade. While the relative impact on costs of compliance is relatively small, these costs can be decisive factors driving export success for companies. In this context, there is scope for considering that the costs associated with more limited exports to countries with import regulations may not conform to World Trade Organization rules encouraging harmonization of regulations to international standards, for example. Policy solutions then might be sought by identifying the extent to which subsidies or public support programs are needed to offset the cost disadvantage that arises from nonharmonized technical regulations.

Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports by :

Download or read book Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 90: Impact of Regulatory Compliance Costs on Small Airports explores the cumulative costs of complying with regulatory and other federal requirements at small hub and non-hub airports."--Publisher's description.

The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States by : Francesco Trebbi

Download or read book The Cost of Regulatory Compliance in the United States written by Francesco Trebbi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We quantify firms' compliance costs of regulation from 2002 to 2014 in terms of their labor input expenditure to comply with government rules, a primary component of regulatory compliance spending for large portions of the U.S. economy. Detailed establishment-level occupation data, in combination with occupation-specific task information, allow us to recover the share of an establishment's wage bill owing to employees engaged in regulatory compliance. Regulatory costs account on average for 1.34 percent of the total wage bill of a firm, but vary substantially across and within industries, and have increased over time. We investigate the returns to scale in regulatory compliance and find an inverted-U shape, with the percentage regulatory spending peaking for an establishment size of around 500 employees. Finally, we develop an instrumental variable methodology for decoupling the role of regulatory requirements from that of enforcement in driving firms' compliance costs.

Enterprise Compliance Risk Management

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118550323
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Enterprise Compliance Risk Management by : Saloni Ramakrishna

Download or read book Enterprise Compliance Risk Management written by Saloni Ramakrishna and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-04 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tools and information that build effective compliance programs Enterprise Compliance Risk Management: An Essential Toolkit for Banks and Financial Services is a comprehensive narrative on managing compliance and compliance risk that enables value creation for financial services firms. Compliance risk management, a young, evolving yet intricate discipline, is occupying center stage owing to the interplay between the ever increasing complexity of financial services and the environmental effort to rein it in. The book examines the various facets of this layered and nuanced subject. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management elevates the context of compliance from its current reactive stance to how a proactive strategy can create a clear differentiator in a largely undifferentiated market and become a powerful competitive weapon for organizations. It presents a strong case as to why it makes immense business sense to weave active compliance into business model and strategy through an objective view of the cost benefit analysis. Written from a real-world perspective, the book moves the conversation from mere evangelizing to the operationalizing a positive and active compliance management program in financial services. The book is relevant to the different stakeholders of the compliance universe - financial services firms, regulators, industry bodies, consultants, customers and compliance professionals owing to its coverage of the varied aspects of compliance. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management includes a direct examination of compliance risk, including identification, measurement, mitigation, monitoring, remediation, and regulatory dialogue. With unique hands-on tools including processes, templates, checklists, models, formats and scorecards, the book provides the essential toolkit required by the practitioners to jumpstart their compliance initiatives. Financial services professionals seeking a handle on this vital and growing discipline can find the information they need in Enterprise Compliance Risk Management. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management: An Essential Toolkit for Banks and Financial Services is a comprehensive narrative on managing compliance and compliance risk that enables value creation for financial services firms. Compliance risk management, a young, evolving yet intricate discipline, is occupying center stage owing to the interplay between the ever increasing complexity of financial services and the environmental effort to rein it in. The book examines the various facets of this layered and nuanced subject. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management elevates the context of compliance from its current reactive stance to how a proactive strategy can create a clear differentiator in a largely undifferentiated market and become a powerful competitive weapon for organizations. It presents a strong case as to why it makes immense business sense to weave active compliance into business model and strategy through an objective view of the cost benefit analysis. Written from a real-world perspective, the book moves the conversation from mere evangelizing to the operationalizing a positive and active compliance management program in financial services. The book is relevant to the different stakeholders of the compliance universe - financial services firms, regulators, industry bodies, consultants, customers and compliance professionals owing to its coverage of the varied aspects of compliance. Enterprise Compliance Risk Management includes a direct examination of compliance risk, including identification, measurement, mitigation, monitoring, remediation, and regulatory dialogue. With unique hands-on tools including processes, templates, checklists, models, formats and scorecards, the book provides the essential toolkit required by the practitioners to jumpstart their compliance initiatives. Financial services professionals seeking a handle on this vital and growing discipline can find the information they need in Enterprise Compliance Risk Management.

Reduce Carbon Compliance Costs:

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Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781726032988
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (329 download)

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Book Synopsis Reduce Carbon Compliance Costs: by : Mike Taylor

Download or read book Reduce Carbon Compliance Costs: written by Mike Taylor and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reduce Carbon Compliance CostsStrategies for California and Quebec facilities to reduce their compliance cost in the Carbon Cap and Trade Program. I have been tracking, trading, brokering and consulting in the environmental credit markets almost two decades in the United States and Canada. The California and Quebec carbon cap and trade program is by far the most complex system that exists for an environmental credit trading program. The target audience for this book is the environmental professionals or the procurement professionals who are managing the carbon cap and trade compliance for their facilities in California and Quebec. I am writing this book to provide a good overview of the program as well as to share some of the cost-cutting compliance strategies I have developed and deploy with my clients. From 2013 onwards, the Carbon Cap and Trade has added millions of dollars of cost to the many facilities located in California and Quebec that emit more than 25,000 tons of CO2e per year. The rules are complex and change almost yearly. Environmental professionals at these facilities already had a full-time job complying with all the other existing environmental regulations for their facilities before these carbon cap and trade programs were thrust upon them. Now they must also deal with coming to understand more than 400 pages of regulation in California and 117 pages in Quebec. This is a daunting task, to say the least. It is extremely difficult for an environmental professional to become an expert on all existing regulations, keep track of and analyze future potential regulation changes, track the trading market, become an expert on all the trading structures available in the evolving market, recommend the best trading strategies, and then execute the trades. This book will assist the environmental professionals and procurement professionals by providing an overview of the key elements of the carbon cap and trade regulations. In these pages you will find real-life trading strategies that will reduce the cost of compliance and, depending on the size of your facility, the savings could shave millions of dollars off your compliance costs which adds directly to the bottom line of the company's profitability.

Assessment of Compliance Costs Resulting from Implementation of the Final Great Lakes Water Quality Guidance

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Compliance Costs Resulting from Implementation of the Final Great Lakes Water Quality Guidance by :

Download or read book Assessment of Compliance Costs Resulting from Implementation of the Final Great Lakes Water Quality Guidance written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A proposed tool for estimating the cost of compliance with the reporting portion of federal regulations

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis A proposed tool for estimating the cost of compliance with the reporting portion of federal regulations by :

Download or read book A proposed tool for estimating the cost of compliance with the reporting portion of federal regulations written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cost of Compliance Study

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Cost of Compliance Study by : Gail C. A. Cook

Download or read book Cost of Compliance Study written by Gail C. A. Cook and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Complete Compliance Handbook

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781783583300
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis The Complete Compliance Handbook by : Thomas Fox

Download or read book The Complete Compliance Handbook written by Thomas Fox and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-05 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas Fox, the Compliance Evangelist, is one of the leading writers, thinkers and commentators on the nuts and bolts of compliance. His always practical advice is now available in one volume, The Complete Compliance Handbook. This book incorporates the most recent pronouncements and guidance from the Department of Justice, including 2017's Evaluation of Corporate Compliance Programs and FCPA Corporate Enforcement Policy, to provide the most up-to-date advice on what constitutes a best practices compliance program. In this single volume compendium, Fox brings together the tops ideas, topics and techniques you can incorporate your compliance program, literally in 31-days to more fully operationalize your compliance regime. If you want one volume to guide you in operationalizing compliance, this is it. The book is designed to provide you with a step-by-step guide to the design, creation, implementation of or enhancement to a compliance program. It begins with 31-days to a more effective compliance program. Each entry presents one thing you can accomplish, at little to no cost, to improve any level of compliance program. There are three key-takeaways for each entry. The final chapter goes through the same process for you to operationalize your compliance program. In between these bookends, The Complete Compliance Handbook features chapters on: -Operationalizing Compliance Through Human Resources -The Role of the Board of Directors and Compliance -360-Degrees of Communication in Compliance -Better Third-Party Risk Management -Reporting and Investigations -Internal Controls -Innovation in Compliance -Written Standards -More Effective Compliance for Business Ventures -Continuous Improvement The author, Thomas Fox, has written 15 books on compliance, leadership and business ethics. He founded the Compliance Podcast Network and has one of the largest social media presences in compliance. He has worked in the compliance arena for over 10 years and draws upon his many years of experience in the profession to create this single volume which will become the standard 'nuts and bolts' text on compliance. Fox's writing style is suited for any skill level of compliance practitioner or maturity of corporate compliance program.

The Incidence of the Costs of Compliance with Government Regulation

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Incidence of the Costs of Compliance with Government Regulation by : Jeffrey Ian Bernstein

Download or read book The Incidence of the Costs of Compliance with Government Regulation written by Jeffrey Ian Bernstein and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our study is addressed to the question of how the costs of compliance with regulation are distributed among the population. Essentially our study attempts to answer the question: What can be said about the distribution of benefits and costs of regulation?...Why should we be interested in the distribution of the costs of regulation? One reason is simply to emphaisze that regulation is not a neutral exercise. There are beneficiaries and "victims", gainers and losers. Even if there is a net social benefit from a regulatory regime costs are imposed on someone....To the extent regulation is effective, the protected can be deemed the beneficiaries and those whose actions are proscribed are losers. If we find scarce resources are used up in the regulatory process, there is an added cost to society in the form of reduced final output and higher prices, although the quality of the output or the environment in which the output is consumed may "improve" in sone sense.

Sarbanes-Oxley IT Compliance Using Open Source Tools

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080557279
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Sarbanes-Oxley IT Compliance Using Open Source Tools by : Christian B Lahti

Download or read book Sarbanes-Oxley IT Compliance Using Open Source Tools written by Christian B Lahti and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-12-19 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (officially titled the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002), signed into law on 30 July 2002 by President Bush, is considered the most significant change to federal securities laws in the United States since the New Deal. It came in the wake of a series of corporate financial scandals, including those affecting Enron, Arthur Andersen, and WorldCom. The law is named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael G. Oxley. It was approved by the House by a vote of 423-3 and by the Senate 99-0. This book illustrates the many Open Source cost-saving opportunities that public companies can explore in their IT enterprise to meet mandatory compliance requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley act. This book will also demonstrate by example and technical reference both the infrastructure components for Open Source that can be made compliant, and the Open Source tools that can aid in the journey of compliance. Although many books and reference material have been authored on the financial and business side of Sox compliance, very little material is available that directly address the information technology considerations, even less so on how Open Source fits into that discussion. The format of the book will begin each chapter with the IT business and executive considerations of Open Source and SOX compliance. The remaining chapter verbiage will include specific examinations of Open Source applications and tools which relate to the given subject matter. * Only book that shows companies how to use Open Source tools to achieve SOX compliance, which dramatically lowers the cost of using proprietary, commercial applications. * Only SOX compliance book specifically detailing steps to achieve SOX compliance for IT Professionals.

Bank Regulation, Risk Management, and Compliance

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000702731
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Bank Regulation, Risk Management, and Compliance by : Alexander Dill

Download or read book Bank Regulation, Risk Management, and Compliance written by Alexander Dill and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bank Regulation, Risk Management, and Compliance is a concise yet comprehensive treatment of the primary areas of US banking regulation – micro-prudential, macroprudential, financial consumer protection, and AML/CFT regulation – and their associated risk management and compliance systems. The book’s focus is the US, but its prolific use of standards published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and frequent comparisons with UK and EU versions of US regulation offer a broad perspective on global bank regulation and expectations for internal governance. The book establishes a conceptual framework that helps readers to understand bank regulators’ expectations for the risk management and compliance functions. Informed by the author’s experience at a major credit rating agency in helping to design and implement a ratings compliance system, it explains how the banking business model, through credit extension and credit intermediation, creates the principal risks that regulation is designed to mitigate: credit, interest rate, market, and operational risk, and, more broadly, systemic risk. The book covers, in a single volume, the four areas of bank regulation and supervision and the associated regulatory expectations and firms’ governance systems. Readers desiring to study the subject in a unified manner have needed to separately consult specialized treatments of their areas of interest, resulting in a fragmented grasp of the subject matter. Banking regulation has a cohesive unity due in large part to national authorities’ agreement to follow global standards and to the homogenizing effects of the integrated global financial markets. The book is designed for legal, risk, and compliance banking professionals; students in law, business, and other finance-related graduate programs; and finance professionals generally who want a reference book on bank regulation, risk management, and compliance. It can serve both as a primer for entry-level finance professionals and as a reference guide for seasoned risk and compliance officials, senior management, and regulators and other policymakers. Although the book’s focus is bank regulation, its coverage of corporate governance, risk management, compliance, and management of conflicts of interest in financial institutions has broad application in other financial services sectors. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Cooperative Compliance

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Author :
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403531940
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Cooperative Compliance by : Jeffrey Owens

Download or read book Cooperative Compliance written by Jeffrey Owens and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National taxation authorities around the world are rapidly improving international cooperation, given the unprecedented triple impact of persistent revelations of large-scale corporate tax avoidance, the ever-increasing intricacies of digital cross-border transactions, and the unprecedented revenue deficits engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic. There is also a growing recognition that improving tax compliance needs to be reconciled with a legitimate desire on the part of businesses to have some certainty about their taxes. Cooperative compliance is one way to achieve that. This first analysis of the details of cooperative compliance programmes currently in operation describes tax control frameworks, suggests practical examples to assist practitioners in tax administrations and the private sector, and provides multiple perspectives on the design and legitimacy of such programmes. Drawing on detailed information contributed by tax practitioners and academics from a wide range of jurisdictions worldwide, the book identifies and explains certain crucial elements of successful programmes: the criteria for access to cooperative compliance (e.g., is the programme voluntary or mandatory? Is there a financial threshold? Will the criteria be publicly available?); model legislation that can facilitate the operation of such programmes (statutory provisions, administrative rules and procedures, etc.); the foundations for an international agreement on an audit assurance standard for tax control frameworks (including the role of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the European Union (EU), and other international organizations); how to develop a methodology to measure the cost and benefits of cooperative compliance programmes; detailed case studies of existing compliance programmes in Australia, Austria, China, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Russia; and how to communicate a cooperative compliance programme to obtain trust from society. The analysis draws on two years of work led by WU Global Tax Policy Center (GTPC) at Vienna University of Economics and Business in cooperation with the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the Commonwealth Association of Tax Administrators (CATA). The project brought together over two hundred people from 25 countries, including public officials, businesses, and academics. Tax certainty and predictability are key components for providing a tax environment that is conducive to cross-border trade and investment, and, in the long term, it is in the interest of both governments and businesses to minimize tax uncertainty as much as possible. This truly helpful book promises to pave the way to an internationally effective tax framework that will be welcomed by taxation authorities and practitioners worldwide.