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The Correlation Between Physical Activity Status And Depressive Symptoms In Undergraduate College Students
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Book Synopsis The Correlation Between Physical Activity Status and Depressive Symptoms in Undergraduate College Students by : Evan Hermanson
Download or read book The Correlation Between Physical Activity Status and Depressive Symptoms in Undergraduate College Students written by Evan Hermanson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine if there is a correlation between physical activity status and depressive symptoms in undergraduate college students. Physical activity was measured through self-reported questions, while depressive symptoms were measured through the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). A correlation research design was used, with the alpha set as 0.05. The most significant correlations were between physical activity status and the responses to the BDI-II questionnaire responses. Seven of the 21 questions had a significant correlation with physical activity status. Question 5 regarding guilt (p=-0.337), question 10 regarding crying (p=-0.417), question 14 regarding appearance (p=-0.510), question 15 regarding work (p=-0.600), question 17 regarding fatigue(p=-0.490), question 18 regarding appetite(p=-0.364), and question 20 regarding health worries (p=-0.363) had significant correlations with physical activity status. These findings suggest that a relationship exists between physical activity and depressive symptoms.
Book Synopsis The Associations of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Depressive Symptoms Among US High School Students by :
Download or read book The Associations of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Depressive Symptoms Among US High School Students written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depressive symptoms among adolescents is an important public health issue. In 2015, the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) reported that nearly 30 percent of today’s youth experienced feelings of sadness and hopelessness for two weeks or more. The stigma associated with mental health disorders and potential side effects of pharmacological treatment underscore the importance of investigating how lifestyle choices, such as physical activity might contribute to depressive symptoms. Participating in physical activity is associated with improved mood and fewer depressive symptoms in adults. However, less is known about the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms among US adolescents. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the potential correlation between three physical activity behaviors and two sedentary behaviors and depressive symptoms among adolescents. The current thesis performed a cross-sectional analysis using the 2015 YRBS to assess the associations among physical activity, participating in physical education and in sports, television use, non-educational electronic use, and depressive symptoms (outcome) among US high school students. Adjusting for gender, grade, race and overweight status, results from the multivariate analyses revealed that engaging in five or more days of physical activity (PA) a week and participating in at least one sports team per year was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Further, high daily non-educational electronic use (three or more hours) was found to be positively associated with depressive symptoms, especially among females. Interaction effects were found between non-educational electronic use and gender, and among sports team participation and race. This study’s findings show that physical activity, specifically participation in sports teams, was inversely associated with adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Future research may corroborate these findings using longitudinal data. If confirmed in prospective studies using representative samples, mental health care professionals should consider incorporating recommendations for engaging in physical activity in their care plans for some adolescents with depressive symptoms. Another opportunity may be for schools to encourage students to be more physically active and participate in sports teams, not only for healthy weight but for mental health as well.
Book Synopsis Investigating the Effects of Physical Activity Counselling on Depressive Symptoms, Affect and Physical Activity in Female Undergraduate Students with Depression by : Taylor McFadden
Download or read book Investigating the Effects of Physical Activity Counselling on Depressive Symptoms, Affect and Physical Activity in Female Undergraduate Students with Depression written by Taylor McFadden and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: In Canada, women aged 15-24 report the highest rate of depression, an age group which represents a significant proportion of undergraduate students (Hanlon, 2012). Although pharmacology remains the primary treatment for depression, it may not be the most sufficient (Stanton et al., 2014). Physical activity has been demonstrated to have a large and significant antidepressant effect in individuals with depression (Schuch et al., 2016), though what remains challenging is identifying the most effective way to activate this population. Physical Activity Counselling (PAC) has been shown in research to effectively increase levels of physical activity (Fortier et al., 2011). However, the effects of PAC have not been considered in a population of female students with depression specifically. Purpose: To investigate the effects of PAC on depressive symptoms, affect and physical activity in female undergraduate students with depression. Methods: Five female undergraduate students with depression received two months of PAC from a registered Kinesiologist. The study followed a multiple baseline, single-subject design in which measures were taken during four study phases: baseline, intervention, end point and follow-up. Data was collected, including daily objective measures of physical activity, using accelerometers, and self-reported measures of depressive symptoms, positive affect, negative affect and physical activity, using online surveys administered every second day. Results: Visual analyses revealed that depressive symptoms decreased and self-reported physical activity increased from baseline throughout subsequent study phases in all five participants, as hypothesized. Statistical analyses supported these results. Estimated effect sizes of grouped averages indicated that decreases in depressive symptoms from baseline throughout each study phase ranged from small to large, while increases in self-reported physical activity were in the medium to large range. Conclusions: Findings of this study provide initial support for Physical Activity Counselling as a potential strategy to increase physical activity levels and reduce depression among female undergraduate students with depression. Future research is recommended on this important topic.
Book Synopsis Mental Health and Physical Activity Among Undergraduate College Students by : Allie K. Mirek
Download or read book Mental Health and Physical Activity Among Undergraduate College Students written by Allie K. Mirek and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anxiety and depression among college students is not a new topic but is one of increasing importance and relevance given the changes seen in the social, political, and professional environments of the United States. Students are faced with numerous daily stressors, academic and personal, that take a toll on their health and impact their success. For some students, this stress can be coupled with a diagnosis of anxiety or depression. At Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU) alone, there has been an increase in the rates of reported diagnoses of anxiety and depression in the custom student health surveys from 2012 to 2016. In addition to mental health, physical activity among college students is a popular topic in many health-related fields. Physical activity is known to be related to mental health in that more physical activity is correlated with better mental health. The current study examined the association between mental health and physical activity. There was no significant association found between mental health and physical activity. However, binary logistic regression found several significant adjusted odds ratios between any mental health diagnosis and several covariates. Most notably, females had greater odds of having any mental health diagnosis than males and students identifying as Black non-Hispanic had lower odds of having any mental health diagnosis. The findings of the present study provide insight into the undergraduate population at SCSU and indicate areas for future research to be performed.
Book Synopsis Examining the Relationship Among Physical Activity, Stress, Depression, and Anxiety in College Students by : Dorian James Hayden
Download or read book Examining the Relationship Among Physical Activity, Stress, Depression, and Anxiety in College Students written by Dorian James Hayden and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental health challenges have been steadily increasing around college campuses, with consistent findings pointing to ethnic minorities and low socioeconomic groups adversely affected and needing more support than their counterparts. On the other end, physical activity (PA) has consistently been associated with positive mental health outcomes. Therefore, further understanding the relationship among race, socioeconomic status, and PA, as well as college students personal experiences on campuses, is of great importance to improve college student well-being. This two-study dissertation sought to address these relationships. Study 1 evaluated differences in mental health across race, parental education (proxy for SES) and PA. Student obstacles to using on-campus mental health and PA resources were examined in a mixed methods design. Most of the data was collected prior to the establishment of COVID-19 restrictions at a large Midwest university. Mental health levels were anticipated to vary between the variables of race, parental education, and PA, which was partially supported. Results showed that low SES participants had significantly higher levels of depression, while PA was associated with lower levels of anxiety and stress.Study 2 sought to replicate findings of study 1 and test the relationships within the context of a diathesis-stress model that includes PA using an expanded sample of students drawn from a large Midwest university and a smaller East Coast university. In addition to replicating study 1 findings, study 2 yielded several themes that revealed common obstacles of college students and how they overcome those obstacles. The hypothesized relationship among race, SES, PA and mental health was partially supported. Specifically, participants whose parents or guardians had lower levels of education reported higher levels of anxiety, while there were significant differences in mental health across different levels of PA. The other goal of this study was to map the above relationship onto a PA moderating model, including variables of race, parental education, depression, stress, and anxiety, based on an adapted diathesis-stress model. This relationship was not supported by the data. Free response answers revealed interesting themes related to the college student experience and campus resources. Focus groups added to this through discussions on topics like the COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, and advice for future students. Data from study 2 was collected while COVID-19 pandemic restrictions were in place. Overall results expanded knowledge on the experience of COVID-19 on college campus and the interconnection between race, parental education, PA, and mental health. Further social relations were important for student wellbeing. Students' also shared obstacles they faced with the use of on campus mental health and other resources.
Book Synopsis Mood States and Physical Activity Patterns in a Sample of College Students by : David A. Tobar
Download or read book Mood States and Physical Activity Patterns in a Sample of College Students written by David A. Tobar and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis How Healthy Are We? by : Orville Gilbert Brim
Download or read book How Healthy Are We? written by Orville Gilbert Brim and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2004-01-15 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood, adolescence, even the "twilight years" have been extensively researched and documented. But the vast terrain known as midlife—the longest segment of the life course—has remained uncharted. How physically and psychologically healthy are Americans at midlife? And why do some experience greater well-being than others? The MacArthur Foundation addressed these questions head-on by funding a landmark study known as "Midlife in the U.S.," or MIDUS. For the first time in a single study, researchers were able to integrate epidemiological, sociological, and psychological assessments, as well as innovative new measures to evaluate how work and family life influence each other. How Healthy Are We? presents the key findings from the survey in three sections: physical health, quality of life and psychological well-being, and the contexts (family, work) of the midlife. The topics covered by almost forty scholars in a wide variety of fields are vast, including everything from how health and well-being vary with socioeconomic standing, gender, race, or region of the country to how middle-aged people differ from younger or older adults in their emotional experience and quality of life. This health—the study measures not only health-the absence of illness—but also reports on the presence of wellness in middle-aged Americans. The culmination of a decade and a half of research by leading scholars, How Healthy Are We? will dramatically alter the way we think about health in middle age and the factors that influence it. Researchers, policymakers, and others concerned about the quality of midlife in contemporary America will welcome its insights. * Having a good life means having good relationships with others to almost 70% of those surveyed. Less than 40% mentioned their careers. * Reports of disruptive daily stressors vary by age, with young adults and those in midlife experiencing more than those in later adulthood. * Men have higher assessments of their physical and mental health than woman until the age of 60.
Book Synopsis Sport Participation, Acculturative Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among International College Students in the United States by : Hyosoon Yim
Download or read book Sport Participation, Acculturative Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among International College Students in the United States written by Hyosoon Yim and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the number of international college students has increased dramatically since the 2000s (U.S. Mission Nigeria, 2018), depressive symptoms among this group have become a crucial issue in the United States. Notably, it is widely accepted that international college students are more vulnerable to depressive symptoms than their domestic peers (Krämer and others, 2004; Mori, 2000; Yeh and Inose, 2003). A number of researchers suggest that acculturative stress is one of the most influential factors of this phenomenon (Constantine, Okazaki, and Utsey, 2004; Hamamura and Laird, 2014; Rice and others, 2012; Wei and others, 2007; Wilton and Constantine, 2003; Ying and Han, 2006; Zhang, 2012; Zhang and Goodson, 2011). Acculturative stress is a unique stress caused by the adaptation process of immigrants, such as homesickness or perceived discrimination (Berry, 1997). Acculturative stress buffers the adaptation of international students, leading to a variety of concerns and causes mental problems such as interpersonal problems (Nicholson, 1997), perceived discrimination (Aroian and others, 1998), and feelings of marginalization and depressive symptoms (Hwang and Ting, 2008). Previous researchers have examined international students' financial (Kono and others, 2015; Meghani and Harvey, 2016), sociocultural (Cruwys and others, 2013), and linguistic barriers (Belizaire and Fuertes, 2011; Mori, 2000; Yeh and Inose, 2003) that can cause acculturative stress, resulting in a higher level of depressive symptoms. Physical activity has been regarded to be one of the best options as a means to reduce stress derived from such challenges (Carek, Laibstain, and Carek, 2011; Dunn, Trivedi, and Kampert, 2005; Dunn, Trivedi, and O'Neal, 2001; Lawlor and Hopker, 2001; Sale, Guppy, and El-Sayed, 2000). Despite the distinctive social nature of sport to promote the adaptation of immigrants in the new society (Lee and Funk, 2010; Lee and others, 2019; Stodolska and Alexandris, 2004), many scholars defined and measured sport participation in the same manner as unorganized exercise or leisure. Considering not only the physical (Herring, 2010; Lee and others, 2012) and psychological (Carek, Laibstain, and Carek, 2011; Dunn, Trivedi, and Kampert, 2005; Dunn, Trivedi, and O'Neal, 2001) benefits but also the unique social nature (Krouwel and others, 2006; Miller and Hoffman, 2009) of sport participation, I examined sport participation as a means to alleviate acculturative stress and depressive symptoms among international college students based on the theoretical framework of the Integrative Model of Acculturation and Salutogenesis. To achieve the research purpose, I investigated a total of 203 international college students in the United States. Participants completed a questionnaire distributed via the crowdsourcing platform - Prolific. The following steps were included in the data analysis: (1) assessing the correlation between sport participation, acculturative stress, and depressive symptoms; and (2) measuring the indirect effect of sport participation on depressive symptoms through acculturative stress by conducting a regression analysis using PROCESS macro (Model 4) developed by Preacher and Hayes (2008). The results provided evidence that sport participation was significantly and negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Also, acculturative stress was significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms. On the other hand, sport participation was not significantly associated with acculturative stress. Finally, acculturative stress did not mediate the relationship between sport participation and depressive symptoms. This study is significant both at the university and society levels. At the university level, findings from this research should provide practical implications to further strategic plans to address one of the fastest-growing phenomena in the United States. Specifically, based on the findings of the current study, universities may be able to create an agenda regarding the promotion and implementation of appropriate sport delivery systems which can enhance their international students' mental wellbeing. At a society level, the findings of this research could be extended to positively impact the general immigrant population in the United States, which represents 28% of the total U.S. population. Considering an international student is one type of immigrant, the current study will be a stepping stone to promote public health by encouraging a healthy lifestyle among diverse members of society through sport involvement.
Book Synopsis Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents by : Joshua Ganz
Download or read book Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents written by Joshua Ganz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statement of the Problem Low levels of physical activity levels may have a relationship with depressive characteristics. Understanding if there is a relationship between physical activity and depressive traits in the adolescent population may contribute to effective ways to reduce depressive traits and increase physical activity. Procedure Survey research was used to collect data about adolescents' demographic characteristics, physical activity levels, and depressive characteristics. Participants were selected from the adolescent school population. The sample was taken from a Minnesota public high school by using an entire tenth-grade population from a local school. Of the 75 students being used for sample size, nine were absent on the survey date and 22 didn't have signed consent forms, which left 44 to complete the survey. The RADS and IPAQ survey instruments were used to collect data. The survey gathered information on current physical activity levels and depressive symptomology in adolescents. Analysis of data involved descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis Pearson product-moment correlation, and independent sample t-tests. Conclusions Three research questions were being considered with respect to data collection and analysis: 1. What is the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms? 2. What is the relationship between physical activity intensity and depressive symptoms? 3. What are the differences between physical activity, intensity, and depressive symptoms between genders, between those in physical education and those who were not, and between those whose sport participation is three to seven days per week compared to those whose participation is one day monthly or less? Among the 44 participants the Pearson correlation analysis found no significant relationship between physical activity or intensity and depression symptoms. Sport participation three to seven days a week was associated with a significantly higher time spent in vigorous activity than those not participating three to seven days per week in a sport. There were no significant differences in gender for vigorous physical activity, total MET, and RADS depressive symptoms.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Functioning by : Imari-Ashley F. Palma
Download or read book The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognitive Functioning written by Imari-Ashley F. Palma and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Correlation of Physical Activity and Mindfulness with Depression in International Schools in the UAE by : Fiona Barron
Download or read book The Correlation of Physical Activity and Mindfulness with Depression in International Schools in the UAE written by Fiona Barron and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis was concerned with understanding potential preventative influencers in reducing depression. Focusing on mindfulness and Physical Activity (PA). Relatively few studies have explored the relationship between specific factors of PA and adolescent depressive symptoms and none have looked at the UAE population. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine whether a significant association exists between Mindfulness and PA on adolescent depressive symptoms, in order to understand if either variable can reduce the onset of depression, by exploring the relationships between frequency, duration, intensity and number of other individuals. A self-administered instrument was administered to international schools in the UAE. The instrument was made up of a seven questionnaires; Section 1, Demographics (4 items). Section 2, CAMS-R (10 items). Section 3, The Becks Depression Inventory-II (20 items). Section 4, Frequency of exercise (1 item, 40 options). Section 5, Duration of exercise (1 item, 40 options). Section 6, Level of intensity, (1 item, 40 options). Section 7, Number of other participants (1 item, 40 options). The findings showed a significant negative correlation between depression and mindfulness with a moderate effect size, and a significant negative relationship with frequency of PA, duration of PA, intensity of PA and number of individuals in which they engage in PA with, all with a small effect size. However mindfulness was the only predictor of depression in females and mindfulness and intensity were the only predictors of depression in males. It was also established that females presented significantly higher depression scores to males and participated in significantly less PA across all four measures. The findings can be used by clinical practitioners to guide them in their intervention recommendations, as well as by schools/counselors to integrate PA as a preventive strategy for depression.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Relationship Between Subclinical Depressive Symptoms and Physical Activity in Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment by : Hannah Claire McCausland
Download or read book Understanding the Relationship Between Subclinical Depressive Symptoms and Physical Activity in Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment written by Hannah Claire McCausland and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Many adults with overweight or obesity experience subclinical symptoms of depression, but little is known about how such symptoms are associated with physical activity (PA) or the experience of PA during behavioral weight loss (BWL) treatment. Methods: In the current study, adults recruited from the community (N = 320) received 18 months of group-based BWL treatment and wore accelerometers at months 0, 6, and 18 to objectively measure PA. Participants with a mood disorder that was not well controlled were not eligible for the study and were referred for individual treatment. Depressive symptoms, PA barriers, discomfort avoidance, and self-control were self-reported with validated measures. Results: At baseline, the majority of participants indicated some depressive symptoms, mostly at subclinical levels. Results of multilevel models suggest that depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with concurrent measures of PA engagement (minutes/week) or sedentary behavior (minutes/week) at a given time point (i.e., baseline, 6 months, or 18 months). Results of cross-level interactions suggest that baseline depressive symptoms did not moderate the change in PA or sedentary behavior across time. Concurrent depressive symptoms and PA barriers were significantly and positively associated at a given time point (i.e., baseline, 6 months, or 18 months); however, baseline depressive symptoms did not moderate the improvement in perceived PA barriers across time. At baseline, higher discomfort avoidance and lower self-control each independently and partially mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and PA barriers. Conclusion: Results suggest that, among BWL samples in which most participants do not have clinically significant depressive symptoms, the likelihood of adopting and sustaining PA does not depend on the extent of depressive symptoms, but those with elevated symptoms may benefit from approaches that address their perception that engaging in PA is especially challenging.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping by : Susan Folkman
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping written by Susan Folkman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few publications have changed the landscape of contemporary psychology more than Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman's landmark work, Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. Its publication in 1984 set the course for years of research on the dynamic processes of psychological stress and coping in human beings.Now more than a quarter-century later, The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping pushes the field even further with a comprehensive overview of the newest and best work in this dynamic subject. Edited by Susan Folkman and comprising chapters by the field's leading scientists, this new volume details the expanded knowledge base that has emerged from extensive research on stress and coping processes over the last several decades.Featuring 22 topic-based chapters -- including two by Folkman -- this volume offers unprecedented coverage of the two primary research topics related to stress and coping: mitigating stress-related harms and sustaining well-being in the face of stress. Both topics are addressed within their relevant contexts, including chronic illness, calamity, bereavement, and social hardship.The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping is an essential reference work for students, practitioners, and researchers across the fields of health psychology, medicine, and palliative care.
Book Synopsis Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Depression Symptoms by : Sara Dover
Download or read book Association Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Depression Symptoms written by Sara Dover and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Previous studies examining the relationship between depression and physical activity have been epidemiological in nature and have measured physical activity subjectively. The purpose of the present study is to examine the association between objectively measured physical activity and depressive symptoms. Methods: The study sample included 24 sedentary obese participants (3 male, 21 female) with elevated waist circumference and one additional cardiovascular risk factor. To assess depression, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Average steps/day were measured over the course of 7-consecutive days using a Lifecorder Plus pedometer (Lees Summit, Missouri). Pearson correlations were performed to evaluate the association between average steps/day and depression. Results: The study sample had a mean (SD) body mass index of 34.7 (± 4.2 kg/m2), a mean steps/day of 5310.6 (± 2041.3 steps/day), and a mean PHQ-9 score of 3.0 (± 2.6). Average step counts were not significantly associated with PHQ (r=0.17, p=0.44). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that there is no association between objectively determined step counts and depression. The present analysis may be limited by a constrained range of physical activity levels and depression scores, and the small sample size.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Depression in College Students by : Sasha Samaranayake
Download or read book The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Depression in College Students written by Sasha Samaranayake and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The purpose of this review is to examine the antidepressant effects of aerobic exercise on depression in college students. Hypothesis: This researcher hypothesizes that aerobic exercise will decrease symptoms of depression in college students and be just as effective in treating depression as other forms of treatment. Methods: An electronic search was conducted using research databases, PsycARTICLES (EBSCO) and PubMed. Specific search terms were used to narrow down the search such as: "college students", "physical activity, "exercise", "mental health" and "depression symptoms". A selection criteria was established with certain criteria needing to be met such as: published in the last 10 years, college students, symptoms of depression or diagnosis of clinical depression, engaging in physical activity or aerobic exercise, and peer-reviewed. Once articles were screened, they were thoroughly read and examined. Results: In reviewing the literature it was found that aerobic exercise did indeed aid in lowering symptoms of depression. Aerobic exercise was just as effective at treating depression even when compared to other forms of treatment, such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Discussion: Time spent exercising, frequency of exercise, and obtaining an exercise plan from a health professional, all contributed to lowering symptoms of depression. Active college student's experienced lower rates of depression than their inactive peers. Playing a sport and regularly exercising were found to be protective factors for depression and suicide.
Book Synopsis Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity, Depression, and Anxiety Among Graduate Students in the United States by : Young Jin Joo
Download or read book Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity, Depression, and Anxiety Among Graduate Students in the United States written by Young Jin Joo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Billions of people have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic since we initially became aware of its existence in December 2019. Studies have been done since the emergence of the COVID-19 virus to assess its effect on people (e.g., Duan and Zhu, 2020; Rubin and Wesseley, 2020). Specifically, several health organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), have reported their concerns about the effects on an individual's mental health (WHO, 2020) as well as one's physical health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2021).While a variety of studies have focused more on undergraduate students (e.g., Bertrand and others, 2021; Gallo, T. F. Gallo, Young, Moritz, and Akison, 2020; Meyer and others, 2020), this study is an investigation of graduate students in the United States. There has been a significant lack of research regarding graduate students (Keating, Jianmin, Pinero, and Bridges, 2005), and more importantly, a lack of research regarding COVID-19's impact on graduate student's mental health in potential relation to physical activity levels. According to previous studies, graduate students are already predisposed for having a high risk of developing mental health issues due to the nature of their educational careers (Evans, Bira, Gastelum, Weiss, and Vanderford, 2018; Fogg, 2009; Hyun, Quinn, Madon, and Lustig, 2006). Master's and doctoral students are reportedly more likely to experience higher levels of depression, anxiety, financial stress, career uncertainty, and higher workloads (Eisenberg, Gollust, Golberstein, and Hefner, 2007; Gewin, 2012; L. Wang, 2015), while also having lower levels of physical activity and exercise participation, which has now become exacerbated by many governments' stringent COVID-19 reduction measures (Barkley and others, 2020; Srivastav, Sharma, and Samual, 2021). Physical activity has been shown for decades to help reduce mental health issues and increase mental well-being (Abu-Omar, Rütten, and Lehtinen, 2004; Camacho, Roberts, Lazarus, Kaplan, and Cohen, 1991; Goodwin, 2003). In this study, the association between physical activity and mental health of graduate students was examined during the pandemic. Information regarding pre-COVID-19 and current COVID-19 levels was attained for comparison. I examined the differences in the levels of physical activity, depression, and anxiety among graduate students in the United States before (February 2020) and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2021). A second purpose of this study was to examine whether differences in physical activity levels before and during COVID-19 are associated with differences in the levels of depression and anxiety among graduate students in the U.S., after controlling several variables, specifically financial stress, alcohol use, sleep quality, and sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, and education status). The following analyses were conducted in the current study: (1) paired sample t-test analysis to examine changes in levels of physical activity, depression, and anxiety before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 among graduate students in the U.S.; and (2) multiple linear regression analysis to examine whether changes in physical activity levels influenced changes in level of depression and anxiety. The participants' level of physical activity significantly decreased, and the level of depression and anxiety significantly increased in May 2021 when compared to February 2020. In addition, the mean change in moderate metabolic equivalent of task (MET) was significantly and negatively associated with the mean change in depression, after controlling for variables including financial stress, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, and sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, and education status). However, no relationship was observed between the mean change in physical activity and the mean changes in depression and anxiety, except for the negative relationship between the mean change in moderate MET and the mean change in depression. Given that mental health problems can persist for several years if not treated well (Zivin and others, 2009), and that low rates of university students receive treatment after being diagnosed with mental disorders (Eisenberg, Hunt, Speer, and Zivin, 2011), it is crucial for universities to not only provide adequate treatment but also pave the way for improving environments in which students feel comfortable when seeking help. Universities should take steps to develop programs and activities which are geared towards graduate student participation and promote more moderate physical activities.
Book Synopsis Exercise Psychology: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior by : Heather A. Hausenblas
Download or read book Exercise Psychology: Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior written by Heather A. Hausenblas and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2016-02-10 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for the upper-level undergraduate and graduate-level courses in exercise psychology and behavioral physical activity, Exercise Psychology: The Psychology of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior focuses on the psychological effects of physical activity in a variety of special populations. The first text of its kind to focus on both the psychology of exercise and sedentary behavior, it provides a strong theoretical and applied focus to the field, and includes interesting vignettes and critical thinking activities to engage readers in the learning process. With an engaging, student-friendly approach, the authors provide complete and comprehensive information that examines research on behavioral physical activity and translating research into practice. The text also looks at sedentary behavior and the recent paradigm shift examining the health effects of sedentary behavior.
