The Computer And The Mind

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The Computer and the Mind

Author : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674156166
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computer and the Mind by : Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird

Download or read book The Computer and the Mind written by Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a field choked with seemingly impenetrable jargon, Philip N. Johnson-Laird has done the impossible: written a book about how the mind works that requires no advance knowledge of artificial intelligence, neurophysiology, or psychology. The mind, he says, depends on the brain in the same way as the execution of a program of symbolic instructions depends on a computer, and can thus be understood by anyone willing to start with basic principles of computation and follow his step-by-step explanations. The author begins with a brief account of the history of psychology and the birth of cognitive science after World War II. He then describes clearly and simply the nature of symbols and the theory of computation, and follows with sections devoted to current computational models of how the mind carries out all its major tasks, including visual perception, learning, memory, the planning and control of actions, deductive and inductive reasoning, and the formation of new concepts and new ideas. Other sections discuss human communication, meaning, the progress that has been made in enabling computers to understand natural language, and finally the difficult problems of the conscious and unconscious mind, free will, needs and emotions, and self-awareness. In an envoi, the author responds to the critics of cognitive science and defends the computational view of the mind as an alternative to traditional dualism: cognitive science integrates mind and matter within the same explanatory framework. This first single-authored introduction to cognitive science will command the attention of students of cognitive science at all levels including psychologists, linguists, computer scientists, philosophers, and neuroscientists--as well as all readers curious about recent knowledge on how the mind works.

The Computer and the Brain

Author : John Von Neumann
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300084733
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computer and the Brain by : John Von Neumann

Download or read book The Computer and the Brain written by John Von Neumann and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the views of one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century on the analogies between computing machines and the living human brain. John von Neumann concludes that the brain operates in part digitally, in part analogically, but uses a peculiar statistical language unlike that employed in the operation of man-made computers. This edition includes a new foreword by two eminent figures in the fields of philosophy, neuroscience, and consciousness.

Cyborg Mind

Author : Calum MacKellar
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 178920111X
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Cyborg Mind by : Calum MacKellar

Download or read book Cyborg Mind written by Calum MacKellar and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the development of new direct interfaces between the human brain and computer systems, the time has come for an in-depth ethical examination of the way these neuronal interfaces may support an interaction between the mind and cyberspace. In so doing, this book does not hesitate to blend disciplines including neurobiology, philosophy, anthropology and politics. It also invites society, as a whole, to seek a path in the use of these interfaces enabling humanity to prosper while avoiding the relevant risks. As such, the volume is the first extensive study in cyberneuroethics, a subject matter which is certain to have a significant impact in the 21st century and beyond.

Engines of the Mind

Author : Joel N. Shurkin
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 9780393314717
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Engines of the Mind by : Joel N. Shurkin

Download or read book Engines of the Mind written by Joel N. Shurkin and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 1996 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the feuding researchers and inventors who made the computer possible, from the huge early models to the creation of the microchip and beyond. It discusses John Mauchly and Presper Eckert who developed the Electric Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) during World War II.

The Thinking Computer

Author : Bertram Raphael
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780716707332
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis The Thinking Computer by : Bertram Raphael

Download or read book The Thinking Computer written by Bertram Raphael and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mind Over Machine

Author : Hubert Dreyfus
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743205510
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Mind Over Machine by : Hubert Dreyfus

Download or read book Mind Over Machine written by Hubert Dreyfus and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1986 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human intuition and perception are basic and essential phenomena of consciousness. As such, they will never be replicated by computers. This is the challenging notion of Hubert Dreyfus, Ph. D., archcritic of the artificial intelligence establishment. It's important to emphasize that he doesn't believe that AI is fundamentally impossible, only that the current research program is fatally flawed. Instead, he argues that to get a device (or devices) with human-like intelligence would require them to have a human-like being in the world, which would require them to have bodies more or less like ours, and social acculturation (i.e. a society) more or less like ours. This helps to explain the practical problems in implementing artificial intelligence algorithms.

The Digital Mind

Author : Arlindo Oliveira
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262535238
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Digital Mind by : Arlindo Oliveira

Download or read book The Digital Mind written by Arlindo Oliveira and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How developments in science and technology may enable the emergence of purely digital minds—intelligent machines equal to or greater in power than the human brain. What do computers, cells, and brains have in common? Computers are electronic devices designed by humans; cells are biological entities crafted by evolution; brains are the containers and creators of our minds. But all are, in one way or another, information-processing devices. The power of the human brain is, so far, unequaled by any existing machine or known living being. Over eons of evolution, the brain has enabled us to develop tools and technology to make our lives easier. Our brains have even allowed us to develop computers that are almost as powerful as the human brain itself. In this book, Arlindo Oliveira describes how advances in science and technology could enable us to create digital minds. Exponential growth is a pattern built deep into the scheme of life, but technological change now promises to outstrip even evolutionary change. Oliveira describes technological and scientific advances that range from the discovery of laws that control the behavior of the electromagnetic fields to the development of computers. He calls natural selection the ultimate algorithm, discusses genetics and the evolution of the central nervous system, and describes the role that computer imaging has played in understanding and modeling the brain. Having considered the behavior of the unique system that creates a mind, he turns to an unavoidable question: Is the human brain the only system that can host a mind? If digital minds come into existence—and, Oliveira says, it is difficult to argue that they will not—what are the social, legal, and ethical implications? Will digital minds be our partners, or our rivals?

Computer Models of Mind

Author : Margaret A. Boden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521270335
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Computer Models of Mind by : Margaret A. Boden

Download or read book Computer Models of Mind written by Margaret A. Boden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-04-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how computer models are used to study many psychological phenomena - including vision, language, reasoning, and learning.

Why the Mind Is Not a Computer

Author : Raymond Tallis
Publisher : Andrews UK Limited
ISBN 13 : 184540534X
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (454 download)

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Book Synopsis Why the Mind Is Not a Computer by : Raymond Tallis

Download or read book Why the Mind Is Not a Computer written by Raymond Tallis and published by Andrews UK Limited. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The equation "Mind = Machine" is false. This pocket lexicon of "neuromythology" shows why. Taking a series of key words such as calculation, language, information and memory, Professor Tallis shows how their misuse has a lured a whole generation into accepting the computational model of the mind. First of all these words were used literally in the description of the human mind. Then computer scientists applied them metaphorically to the workings of their machines. And finally, their metaphorical status forgotten, the use of the terms was called as evidence of artificial intelligence in machines and the computational nature of conscious thought.

The Biological Mind

Author : Alan Jasanoff
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 154164431X
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis The Biological Mind by : Alan Jasanoff

Download or read book The Biological Mind written by Alan Jasanoff and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering neuroscientist argues that we are more than our brains To many, the brain is the seat of personal identity and autonomy. But the way we talk about the brain is often rooted more in mystical conceptions of the soul than in scientific fact. This blinds us to the physical realities of mental function. We ignore bodily influences on our psychology, from chemicals in the blood to bacteria in the gut, and overlook the ways that the environment affects our behavior, via factors varying from subconscious sights and sounds to the weather. As a result, we alternately overestimate our capacity for free will or equate brains to inorganic machines like computers. But a brain is neither a soul nor an electrical network: it is a bodily organ, and it cannot be separated from its surroundings. Our selves aren't just inside our heads -- they're spread throughout our bodies and beyond. Only once we come to terms with this can we grasp the true nature of our humanity.

Algorithms to Live By

Author : Brian Christian
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 1627790365
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (277 download)

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Book Synopsis Algorithms to Live By by : Brian Christian

Download or read book Algorithms to Live By written by Brian Christian and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Algorithms to Live By' looks at the simple, precise algorithms that computers use to solve the complex 'human' problems that we face, and discovers what they can tell us about the nature and origin of the mind.

Brain-Computer Interfacing

Author : Rajesh P. N. Rao
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521769418
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain-Computer Interfacing by : Rajesh P. N. Rao

Download or read book Brain-Computer Interfacing written by Rajesh P. N. Rao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of interfacing minds with machines has long captured the human imagination. Recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are making this a reality, opening the door to restoration and augmentation of human physical and mental capabilities. Medical applications such as cochlear implants for the deaf and neurally controlled prosthetic limbs for the paralyzed are becoming almost commonplace. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are also increasingly being used in security, lie detection, alertness monitoring, telepresence, gaming, education, art, and human augmentation. This introduction to the field is designed as a textbook for upper-level undergraduate and first-year graduate courses in neural engineering or brain-computer interfacing for students from a wide range of disciplines. It can also be used for self-study and as a reference by neuroscientists, computer scientists, engineers, and medical practitioners. Key features include questions and exercises in each chapter and a supporting website.

The Computer and the Brain

Author : John von Neumann
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300181116
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computer and the Brain by : John von Neumann

Download or read book The Computer and the Brain written by John von Neumann and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-26 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1958, John von Neumann's classic work "The Computer and the Brain" explored the analogies between computing machines and the living human brain. Von Neumann showed that the brain operates both digitally and analogically, but also has its own unique statistical language. And more than fifty years after its inception the "von Neumann architecture"--An organizational framework for computer design - still lies at the heart of today's machines. In his foreword to this new edition, Ray Kurzweil, a futurist famous for his own musings on the relationship between technology and consciousness, places von Neumann's work in a historical context and shows how it remains relevant today.

The Computer and the Brain

Author : J. R. Brink
Publisher : North Holland
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computer and the Brain by : J. R. Brink

Download or read book The Computer and the Brain written by J. R. Brink and published by North Holland. This book was released on 1989 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of interdisciplinary analyses addresses the issue of the language of the brain. The contributors include computer scientists, neuroscientists, psychologists, linguists, and historians. The resulting collection reflects the state of knowledge more than a generation after John von Neumann entitled his tantalizing and provocative lectures The Computer and the Brain. John von Neumann was one of the first to address the highly controversial issue of appropriate models to use in discussing cognitive science. The issue he raised most pointedly, and one that is still hotly debated, is the language of the brain. In his Silliman lectures he questioned the validity of using the computer as an interpretive model for human thought, asserting that the language of the brain is not mathematical. Later in the same lecture series, however, he attributes a statistical pattern to the brain. This paradoxical stance of von Neumann's is representative of the rapidly shifting nature of cognitive science, and of the study of the nature of language.

Minds and Computers

Author : Matt Carter
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748629300
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Minds and Computers by : Matt Carter

Download or read book Minds and Computers written by Matt Carter and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-14 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Could a computer have a mind? What kind of machine would this be? Exactly what do we mean by 'mind' anyway?The notion of the 'intelligent' machine, whilst continuing to feature in numerous entertaining and frightening fictions, has also been the focus of a serious and dedicated research tradition. Reflecting on these fictions, and on the research tradition that pursues 'Artificial Intelligence', raises a number of vexing philosophical issues. Minds and Computers introduces readers to these issues by offering an engaging, coherent, and highly approachable interdisciplinary introduction to the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence.Readers are presented with introductory material from each of the disciplines which constitute Cognitive Science: Philosophy, Neuroscience, Psychology, Computer Science, and Linguistics. Throughout, readers are encouraged to consider the implications of this disparate and wide-ranging material for the possibility of developing machines with minds. And they can expect to de

Engines of the Mind

Author : Joel N. Shurkin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Engines of the Mind by : Joel N. Shurkin

Download or read book Engines of the Mind written by Joel N. Shurkin and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Brain Vs Computer: The Challenge Of The Century

Author : Jean-pierre Fillard
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813145579
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Vs Computer: The Challenge Of The Century by : Jean-pierre Fillard

Download or read book Brain Vs Computer: The Challenge Of The Century written by Jean-pierre Fillard and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well known that every animal species obeys Darwin's law of evolution, which requires permanent adaptation of animals to their environment. To be precise, every species except man, who behaves exactly contrariwise, adapting the workplace to himself in order to survive. For that he generally enjoys a particular gift of nature: intelligence.That reverse adaptation, which accumulated over centuries, led to what we call 'progress'. This was enhanced by the development of machines which began to be also intelligent and now compete fiercely with humans through the development of an 'artificial intelligence'.Some famous people in the world of science and technology recently sounded the alarm about the threats which these improvements are posing. They invoked a possible domination by the machines due to their uncontrolled superior intelligence, potentially leading us into a certain kind of slavery.In this book we take a look at this new challenge of the human brain versus the computer. The brain is a very complex organ and we are just beginning to understand how it works; many things remain mysterious and can lead to surprises. We will see how current investigations bring new information about this strange organ.We will also see how the 'artificial challenger' plans to win the battle, how computers are getting more and more powerful and subtle as the AI advances. Would a transfer of minds in a machine be possible? Would the computer be capable of a self, nonneuromorphic intelligence? These questions are now open.Who will win? We do not know yet. But it is certain that many things are going to change in our lives in the very near future.